Demographic and clinical features of patients with substance-induced mental disorders admitted to the psychiatric hospital in Kermanshah, Iran (original) (raw)
Related papers
Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2015
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental disorders caused drug dependency and substance abuse in hospitalized patients of Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah City. The study method was retrospective descriptive. The research population and statistical sample consisted all of patients with mental disorders and hospitalized drug abuse in Farabi Psychiatric Hospital in 2012 which 359 patients (325 male and 29 female) were selected. Data collection was based on the archived records. Finally, data collected by SPSS software, version 19, using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) were analyzed by chi-square test. The mean age of patients with psychiatric disorders was 31.44, which 90.5 of them was male with the education level of primary school to high school (58.8 percent). The highest rate of abused drug was related to Shisha (82.5%). Single people abused drug more than married people. There was not a significant relationship between tramadol, methadone and Shisha, while there was a significant relationship between abuse of opium and heroin. Men aged 26 to 35 had the largest population of drug dependence and psychosis with hallucinations was seen in most cases and the duration of Shisha abuse in most of cases was higher. Since there is a close relationship between mental disorders and drug abuse so it is recommended that by proper and timely diagnosis, effective actions done to treat drug addicts.
Substance Use in Patients Admitted to the Psychiatric Emergency Department in Northern Iran
2024
Background: Acute psychiatric problems are increasingly observed following substance abuse in emergency departments. To address this significant societal issue, it is essential to understand its various dimensions in order to develop comprehensive control policies. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate substance use and its related factors in patients admitted to a psychiatric emergency ward in Sari, Mazandaran, Iran. Methods: In this cross sectional investigation, all patients who were admitted to the emergency department of Zare referral psychiatry hospital during the previous one year were studied. A checklist of demographic and psychiatric factors was completed for each patient based on their medical records. Urine rapid tests were routinely conducted in this department to screen for drug consumption. Descriptive statistics, central and dispersion indices, and the chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 578 cases, comprising 406 males (70.2%) and 172 females (29.8%), were examined. The mean age of patients was 34.7 ± 11.2 years. The most common symptoms reported were aggression (50.5%), insomnia (11.2%), paranoia (10.7%), and self-talk (8.1%), respectively. The most frequent final clinical diagnosis was bipolar disorder in 145 cases (25.1%), followed by schizophrenia in 131 cases (22.7%), and substance-induced psychotic disorder in 63 cases (10.9%). In the substance use screening among patients, the urine test was positive for morphine in 17.6% of the patients. Methamphetamine, methadone, and cannabis tests were positive in 16.1%, 9.5%, and 3.5% of cases, respectively. Among patients with positive urine tests (for methamphetamine, methadone, or morphine), the most common clinical diagnosis was substance-induced psychotic disorder, followed by schizophrenia. Schizophrenia and substance-induced psychotic disorder were the two most common diagnoses in patients with positive cannabis urine tests, respectively. Conclusions: The high rate of substance abuse among psychiatric emergency patients, often co-occurring with other psychiatric disorders, the high prevalence of psychosis, and the behavioral risks associated with these patients emphasize the need for special attention to this biopsychosocial problem.
International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 2016
Background: Psychotic disorder due to methamphetamine has a high prevalence with an unknown nature and history. Patients with such disorders are faced with the risk of recurrence of abuse and other psychiatric disorders. Methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorders may continue by independent of methamphetamine abuse, such as primary psychotic disorders (such as schizophrenia). Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the mental health and frequency of methamphetamine-induced psychosis in patients referred to Iran psychiatric hospital (a university hospital in Tehran, Iran). Patients and Methods: The research was done on patients with methamphetamine-induced psychosis after 2 to 5 years using of methamphetamine (150 person in the Iran Psychiatric Hospital) .The diagnostic interview was done based on a semi-structured interview (SCID). The data was analyzed by Binary Logistic Regression Model. Results: From 150 patients that were followed, 6 of them (4.0%) died during the phone interview-follow up. The mean age of alive patients was 34.9 ± 8.7 years and 12 of them were women (8.0%). At the follow-up interview, 38 patients reclassified as the cases of schizophrenia (25.3%), 17 as the cases of major depressive disorder (11.3%), 7 as the cases of bipolar disorder type I (4.7), two as the cases of schizoaffective disorder (1.3%), and two of them as the cases of delusional disorder (1.3%). A total of 84 cases (56.0%) were diagnosed as recovered cases or as methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorders. Prediction of diagnosis change showed the diagnosis of methamphetamine use disorder (adjusted OR = 3.978, 95% CI: 1.265-12.512), previous psychiatric admission (adjusted OR = 6.749; 95% CI: 1.639-27.779), and short duration of psychotic episode (adjusted OR = 0.171; 95% CI: 0.056-0.520. Conclusions: The results of our study show that methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorders are associated, in many cases, with the mood disorders. It seems that comorbid mood disorders, age of first use, history of previous psychiatric hospitalization, the risk of methamphetamine use disorders, and psychotic episodes are associated longer with the diagnosis towards primary psychotic disorders.
Methamphetamine-associated psychosis: a new health challenge in Iran
DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013
The rapidly growing popularity of methamphetamine use in Iran has posed a new health challenge to the Iranian health sector. Methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) has been frequently reported in Iran in recent years. Although methamphetamine use and MAP are considerable health problems in Iran but there is still a need to conduct epidemiological studies on the prevalence of MAP and its health-related problems. The present paper emphasizes that health policy makers should consider the immediate needs of drug users, their families and the community to be informed about the detrimental health effects associated with MAP. Although MAP could be managed by prescribing benzodiazepines and psychiatric medications but the most effective regime for stabilizing patients with MAP still needs to be studied in Iran. Constant collaborations among psychiatric services and outpatient psychotherapeutic services should be established to successfully manage MAP in Iran. Iranian clinicians especially emergency medicine specialists should be informed about the differences between the two forms of transient and recurrent MAP in order to implement appropriate pharmacological therapies to manage MAP. It is hoped that special training courses are designed and implemented by health policy makers to inform clinicians, health providers and especially emergency medicine specialists to effectively deal with MAP.
2020
Introduction: The use of psychoactive substances in patients diagnosed with mental illness is an increasing public health problem; the purpose of this work was to carry out a study to identify the most prevalent psychoactive drug abuse patterns in hospitalized patients in a psychiatric hospital, to estimate the severity of substance abuse, as well as to determine the factors associated with drug consumption using multivariate statistical modeling. Methods An analytical, retrospective study was carried out through the review of patient records discharged during 2018. Sociodemographic data, diagnoses, clinical follow-up information, clinimetric score of the alcohol consumption, Tobacco and Substances Detection Test (ASSIST 2.0) were obtained as well as the toxicological profile results. Results A representative sample of 268 participants was obtained, 61.6% men and 38.4% women, 86.6% unemployed, 67.9% single, with an average age of 36 years and 8 years of schooling. The most frequent ...
Substance abuse in hospitalized psychiatric patients
The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ, 2008
The co-morbidity rate of illicit substance abuse and major mental problems in Israel is far from clear. To investigate the extent of drug abuse in a sample of psychiatric patients hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital and in the psychiatric department of a general hospital in Israel, to compare demographic and other background factors in dual-diagnosis patients with those of abuse-free mental inpatients, and to examine the time correlation between drug abuse and the appearance of major mental problems. Our data were derived from self-report and urine tests. The study population comprised 470 consecutively admitted patients--250 patients in the mental health center and 220 patients in the psychiatric department of the general hospital. The lifetime prevalence of drug abuse was 24%; cannabis abuse was found in 19.7%, opiates in 5.7%, cocaine in 2.7%, amphetamines in 3.4% and methamphetamine in 1.1%. Active abuse of drugs (during the last month) was registered in 17.3%, cannabis in 11...
Psychiatric Disorders and Amphetamine Dependency - A Comparative-Analytical Study
American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 2015
Objective: With respect to prevalence of amphetamine dependency and its uprising trend comparing to other substances and due to lack of studies in this field; this study was conducted. Materials and Methods: This comparativeanalytical study was conducted between 2012-2014 in a psychiatric Hospital (Sari, Iran) in order to assess the correlation between psychiatric disorders and amphetamine (Ice and Crystal) dependency. One hundred men between 20-50 years old with dependency (case group) and one hundred men with no history of amphetamine dependency (control group) were selected. Data obtained through structured psychiatric interview and anonymous demographic questionnaire and analyzed via Chi-Square and SPSS19. Results: Mean age of case group was noticeably lower than control. Meaningful differences between case and control groups were observed with respect to type of psychiatric disorders. Difference in educational level between two groups was meaningful. [Case-group had lower levels of education (p<0.01)]. Discussion: A lot of studies have been conducted regarding substance dependency but most of them are about opioids and few studies have been conducted regarding amphetamine spectrum substances such as Ice and Crystal. Among studies which have been conducted in area of Amphetamine dependency, most of them have focused on psychosis solely or psychiatric symptoms such as Anhedonia. Novel point of this study is that it focuses on wider range of psychiatric disorders with notifying factors such as educational level, age, gender and marital status.
Alcohol, Cannabinoids, and Opioids Abuse and Dependence Among Psychiatric Inpatients
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2015
Background: While substance abuse among psychiatric patients is a widely known problem in clinical practice, there is no local study about prevalence and co-occurrence of substance abuse in north of Iran. Objectives: The present study was designed to determine the frequency of smoking, alcohol, opioid and cannabinoid substances, and prescription medicines abuse or dependence among Psychiatric Inpatients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional 2-year case register study was conducted on all (n = 492) psychiatric inpatients of Zare Psychiatric Hospital in Sari located in north of Iran. The data were obtained by using a standardized and validated questionnaire that contained demographic information along with information on co-morbid psychiatric problems and alcohol, cannabinoids, opioids, and cigarette usage. Results: The mean (± SD) age of samples was 39.9 (± 11.9) years and male:female ratio was 3.6. Opium with or without using other illicit substances was the most frequently abused substance (67%). Significant association were found between illicit substance abuse and demographic variables of male gender, a low level of literacy, living in the urban area, unemployment, cigarette smoking, and young age. There were statistically significant association between schizophrenia and substance abuse (P < 0.001). Conclusion: High prevalence of dual diagnosis warrants attention to the management of substance misuse while treating mental disorders, and should be incorporated in the holistic treatment plan of psychiatric inpatients.
Amphetamine Versus Non Amphetamine-Related First Episode Psychosis in Saudi Arabian Patients
Pharmacology & Pharmacy, 2011
Amphetamines are illicit psychostimulant drugs that can induce psychotic symptoms. Very few studies have been conducted in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (SA) on amphetamine abuse and related psychosis. Recently, the pattern of amphetamine abuse in SA showed a significant trend of increased frequency. Objectives: To investigate the extent of amphetamine abuse in a sample of Saudi patients hospitalized for first episode of acute psychosis. Also, to compare in that sample between amphetamine psychosis and other psychoses regarding demographic data, premorbid personality and symptoms profile. Method: 106 patients with acute psychosis were hospitalized and screening of urine for amphetamine was conducted for all. Patients' psychiatric evaluation included interviewing, and ICD-10 criteria for personality disorders. 30 healthy subjects were also included for comparison with patients. Results: 34/106 of psychotic patients (32%) were positive for amphetamine in urine (≥ 1000 ng/ml). The frequency of personality disorders was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the patients (54/106; 51%) compared with healthy subjects (6/30; 20%). Also, the incidence of personality disorders was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in amphetamine positive psychosis (25/34; 73.5%) compared with amphetamine negative psychosis (29/72; 40%). Cluster B personality disorders particularly the antisocial and borderline were significantly higher in amphetamine positive psychosis (13/34; 38%) compared with amphetamine negative psychoses (6/72; 8%). The symptom profile showed significant difference between amphetamine positive and amphetamine negative psychosis as regards ideas of reference (50% vs. 14%), suspiciousness (44% vs. 11%), suicidal ideation (38% vs. 23%), paranoid delusions (29% vs. 17%) and increased pulse or blood pressure (29% vs. 7%) respectively. Conclusion: Screening of amphetamine in urine among patients with first episode of acute psychosis can help and support the clinical distinction of amphetamine psychosis from other types of psychosis. This is therapeutically critical since the line of treatment may be different between the two types of psychoses.