Ti: Sapphire Laser Systems with Delay Parameters in Time Stability Analysis (original) (raw)
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Review of laser‐diode pumped Ti:sapphire laser
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2021
Ti:sapphire laser has an important position in ultrashort pulse generation and wavelength tuning. The use of expensive frequency-doubled diode-pumped solid-state laser as the pump source limits the promotion of its application to a certain extent. With the maturity of high-power bluegreen laser diodes (LDs), low-cost LD directly pumped Ti: sapphire laser becomes possible. After more than 10 years of development, the output parameters of LD pumped Ti: sapphire lasers have been greatly improved. Moreover, the lasers have been applied to optical frequency combs, multiphoton microscopy imaging, and so forth, both of which have achieved impressive results.
Applied Physics Letters, 1999
We have demonstrated a high-average-power, mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser with an intracavity continuous-wave amplification scheme. The laser generated 150 fs pulses with 3.4 W average power at a repetition rate of 79 MHz. This simple amplification scheme can be applied for the power scaling of other lasers. Some years ago, there was a breakthrough in modelocking techniques for solid-state lasers. 1,2 Applying the techniques utilizing Kerr-type nonlinearity, most solid-state lasers could be mode-locked down to the femtosecond region. Shortly after that, amplification of these ultrashort pulses to gigawatt peak power was demonstrated 3 using chirped pulse amplification. 4 However, this kind of amplification reduces the pulse repetition rate to the order of ϳ100 kHz, and there is often a loss of time resolution in the final pulse. A higher repetition rate results in much smaller pulse fluctuation and excellent experimental signal-to-noise ratios. Much progress has been made in extending the spectral range of high-repetition-rate femtosecond pulses throughout the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared ͑IR͒ regions by using frequency conversion in crystals. The ϳ80 MHz, 2-W-level femtosecond Ti:sapphire lasers have been used for fourth harmonic generation near 200 nm, 5 visible range, 6-8 and IR range 9 optical parametric oscillator and coherent THzradiation from semiconductors. 10 If there is some scheme to scale the power of high-repetition-rate femtosecond lasers, there will be interesting applications for the various wavelength conversion techniques mentioned above. The requirement for the average power has been one of the most important factors especially for these lasers used as pump sources of THz-radiation from InAs in a magnetic field, 10 because THz-radiation power is known to have a quadratic dependence on the excitation high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser average power. Also, the average power is important for the intracavity doubling of a femtosecond laser. 11 In contrast to continuous wave ͑cw͒ high-average-power lasers, the power scaling of the high-repetition-rate femtosecond modelocked lasers is difficult. This is partly due to the limitation of available power from the pumping source. The major problem was the difficulty of maintaining the beam quality good enough for mode locking and balancing the thermal lens effect and Kerr lens effect at the same time. With these limitations, the output average power of femtosecond modelocked lasers has been limited to the 2 W level. In this letter, we describe a high-repetition-rate ͑79 MHz͒, highaverage-power ͑3.4 W͒, mode-locked femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser realized by applying an intracavity cwamplification scheme.
Optics Communications, 2009
We built and characterized a high-energy, injection-seeded, single-longitudinal-mode pulsed titaniumdoped-sapphire laser with tuneable wavelength in the near-infrared and variable pulse temporal duration in the nanosecond regime. We show experimentally how the pulse duration can be easily varied either by changing the cavity length or by changing the pump energy. We successfully interpreted these results on the basis of a theoretical model which treats the operation of this type of laser as a gain-switching technique. Also, as far as the stabilization of the laser cavity, compared to the traditional techniques we employed a novel simplified solution involving the use of an avalanche photodiode.
A 10-Hz terawatt class Ti:sapphire laser system: Development and applications
2010
We developed a two-stage Ti:sapphire laser system to generate 16 mJ/80 fs laser pulses at a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz. The key deriver for the present design is implementing a highly efficient symmetric confocal pre-amplifier and employing a simple, inexpensive synchronization scheme relying only on a commercial digital delay generator. We characterized the amplified pulses in spatial, spectral and temporal domains. The laser system was used to investigate various nonlinear optical processes, and to modify the optical properties of metal and semiconductor surfaces. We are currently building a third amplifier to boost the laser power to the multi-terawatt range.
Laser Physics, 2010
We present a laser source with several desirable characteristics, such as tunable wavelength in the near infrared, single longitudinal mode emission and variable pulse temporal duration in the nanosecond regime. The laser is based on an injection seeded Titanium doped sapphire ring cavity. Our experiments show how the pulse duration can be varied in a controllable fashion either by changing the cavity length or by changing the pump energy. We present a theoretical model which successfully reproduces the experimental results by treating the operation of this type of laser as a gain switching technique. As far as the stabilization of the laser cavity, we also present a novel solution involving the use of an avalanche photodiode.
Frequency-doubled diode laser for direct pumping of Ti: sapphire lasers
2012
A single-pass frequency doubled high-power tapered diode laser emitting nearly 1.3 W of green light suitable for direct pumping of Ti:sapphire lasers generating ultrashort pulses is demonstrated. The pump efficiencies reached 75 % of the values achieved with a commercial solid-state pump laser. However, the superior electro-optical efficiency of the diode laser improves the overall efficiency of the Ti:sapphire laser by a factor > 2. The optical spectrum emitted by the Ti:sapphire laser shows a spectral width of 112 nm (FWHM). Based on autocorrelation measurements, pulse widths of less than 20 fs are measured. These results open the opportunity of establishing diode laser pumped Ti:sapphire lasers for e.g. biophotonic applications like retinal optical coherence tomography or pumping of photonic crystal fibers for CARS microscopy.
Operation of a Ti:sapphire laser pumped by a 499-nm green laser
Applied Optics, 1994
We report, for the first time, to our knowledge, the operation of a tunable Ti:sapphire laser pumped by a third-order Raman XeCl-H 2 laser system at 499 nm with a 60-ns pulse duration. The slope efficiency is 59% for this laser, producing pulses of 20-ns duration. The highest conversion-energy efficiency obtained is 41%, with an output energy of 1.2 mJ. The tuning range for a single set of cavity mirrors is 680-834 nm and is limited mainly by the mirror reflectivity. This study shows that a combined laser system based on a XeCl excimer laser can offer wavelength diversity.
Pulse evolution dynamics of a femtosecond passively mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser
Optics Letters, 1992
The pulse-formation process in a femtosecond passively mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser with a saturable absorber is investigated. The time to reach the steady state is -200 As. The formation time dependence on the dye concentration and the coincidence of the steady-state pulse width with the self-mode-locked state without a saturable absorber indicate that the function of the saturable absorber is mainly to induce the initial modulation and to shorten the pulse-formation time.
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2018
We report on the 825-nm center wavelength, 9.17 mJ pulse energy Ti:sapphire-based femtosecond laser system simulation carried out by Lab2 tools in LabVIEW (National Instruments, Inc.). The design investigation and characterization of stretched, amplified and compressed pulses made by intensity module and second harmonic generation (SHG) frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) module in Lab2. The minimum pulse duration of ~37.80 fs at the output of the compressor end obtained by simulations. The variation of pulse energy, FWHM and central wavelength versus number of passes in the amplifier are computed. The lab2 tools help to design and characterize laser system before to set up on the optical table. The simulation results save time to calculate parameters which are essential in femtosecond laser system designing. The Lab2 simulation tools, along with financial constraints, it is easier, simple and efficient to obtain results in short time.
Petawatt Femtosecond Laser Pulses from Titanium-Doped Sapphire Crystal
Crystals, 2020
Ultra-high intensity femtosecond lasers have now become excellent scientific tools for the study of extreme material states in small-scale laboratory settings. The invention of chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) combined with titanium-doped sapphire (Ti:sapphire) crystals have enabled realization of such lasers. The pursuit of ultra-high intensity science and applications is driving worldwide development of new capabilities. A petawatt (PW = 1015 W), femtosecond (fs = 10−15 s), repetitive (0.1 Hz), high beam quality J-KAREN-P (Japan Kansai Advanced Relativistic ENgineering Petawatt) Ti:sapphire CPA laser has been recently constructed and used for accelerating charged particles (ions and electrons) and generating coherent and incoherent ultra-short-pulse, high-energy photon (X-ray) radiation. Ultra-high intensities of 1022 W/cm2 with high temporal contrast of 10−12 and a minimal number of pre-pulses on target has been demonstrated with the J-KAREN-P laser. Here, worldwide ultra-high i...