Small arms combat modeling: a superior way to evaluate marksmanship data (original) (raw)

Validity Evidence for a Model of Rifle Marksmanship Skill Performance Using Sensor-Based Measures

PsycEXTRA Dataset

This paper reports validity evidence for the use of sensor-based skill measures in evaluating performance differences in rifle marksmanship. Nagashima, Chung, Espinosa, Berka, and Baker (2009) describe four measures used to predict skill classification of expert and novice shooters for known distance rifle marksmanship, three related to breath control and one for trigger control. In this study, skill measures from seven experts and nine novices were collected and classifications were generated resulting in an overall percent correct of 75.6%, with a sensitivity of 54.3%, and 92.0% specificity.

Assessment of New Marksmanship Strategies in 2010

2012

In response to the Deputy Commanding General for Initial Military Training, new marksmanship strategies for Infantry One Station Unit Training (OSUT) and Basic Combat Training (BCT) were compared. OSUT Soldiers scored significantly higher than BCT Soldiers on Record Fire and Combat Field Fire (CFF) with the difference being substantial on CFF. The OSUT CFF scores supported the advanced rifle marksmanship (ARM) strategy which included different scenarios and more ammunition than the BCT ARM strategy. Results also supported the use of combat gear by OSUT in basic rifle marksmanship (BRM). Round allocation for grouping and zeroing was inadequate with 5-round shot groups. Overall, the Practice Record Fire and Record Fire patterns showed that Soldiers benefitted from Practice Record Fire. Equipment and time limitations hindered the ability to fully train optics for BCT Soldiers, and to train night fire with aiming lights and night vision goggles for both BCT and OSUT Soldiers. Soldiers also indicated they needed more training with this equipment. The CFF hit standard in the marksmanship FM was validated. Current and prior research on 3-and 5-round shot groups showed that similar numbers of shot groups were required to group and zero regardless of shot group size.

Soldier Performance on a New Marksmanship Course of Fire

2010

The research investigated a new course of fire, called combat field fire (CFF), to determine CFF marksmanship standards, and where CFF should occur in marksmanship training. CFF is a complex scenario requiring changing magazines, reacting to a simulated malfunction and engaging targets within arrays that require multiple hits. Ten training companies (1976 Soldiers) from the Infantry OSUT and Basic Combat Training Brigades at Ft. Benning, GA participated. Six companies executed Army qualification at the end of basic rifle marksmanship (BRM) and CFF at the end of advanced rifle marksmanship (ARM). Four executed CFF in BRM and executed Army qualification in ARM. Performance data and Soldier interviews revealed the unique dynamics of CFF, differentiating it from Army qualification. Results showed that CFF should be in ARM, as Soldiers were not prepared in BRM for the additional skills and demands required by CFF. Recommended standards were developed for the Expert, Sharpshooter, Marksman, and Unqualified marksmanship categories, TPU (trained, needs practice, and not trained) categories., and Go/NoGo categories. 15. SUBJECT TERMS basic rifle marksmanship, advanced rifle marksmanship, combat field fire, measuring Soldier performance, marksmanship training, marksmanship qualification, combat fire, marksmanship standards SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF 19.

Assessment of Rifle Marksmanship Skill Using Sensor-Based Measures. CRESST Report 755

National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing, 2009

The goal of this report was to test the use of sensor-based skill measures in evaluating performance differences in rifle marksmanship. Ten shots were collected from 30 novices and 9 experts. Three measures for breath control and one for trigger control were used to predict skill classification. The data were fitted with a logistic regression model using holdout validation to assess the quality of model classifications. Individually, all four measures were significant; when considered together, only three measures were significant predictors for level of expertise (p < .05). Overall percent correct in shot classification for the testing data was 90.0%, with a sensitivity of 67.5%, and 96.0% specificity.

Development of Sensor-Based Measures of Rifle Marksmanship Skill and Performance. CRESST Report 756

National Center For Research on Evaluation Standards and Student Testing, 2009

Measures of rifle marksmanship skill and performance were developed using a prototype instrumented laser-based training system. Measures of performance were derived from laser strikes on a video-projected target. Measures of rifle marksmanship skill-breath control, trigger control, and muzzle wobble-were developed from shooters' breathing and trigger squeeze patterns. Existing marksmanship instructional materials and expert shooters' breath and trigger control profiles guided the development of the skill measures. A shooter's breath control was described as where and how long into the respiratory cycle the trigger broke. A shooter's trigger control was described as the duration of the trigger squeeze. A shooter's muzzle was described as the total acceleration during the two seconds prior to the shot. The use of sensor-based measures provides insight into exactly how a shooter is executing two of the three skills considered to be the fundamentals of rifle marksmanship.

Teaching and Assessing Complex Skills in Simulation With Application to Rifle Marksmanship Training

2009

: This paper summarizes the background, methodology and findings of initial efforts to improve our approach to training and assessing high-performance skills. High performance skills are those that require accurate and precise perceptual - motor coordination to achieve desired levels of expertise. We review and integrate key areas of knowledge related to skill acquisition and expertise, address strategies for teaching and assessing complex skills, and examine the use of technologies that enable precise recording of trainee performance. Instructional strategies are discussed to accelerate complex skill development, based upon learning principles and enhanced performance feedback. Developments in simulation training technologies, with performance monitoring capabilities, provide a means for studying and improving high performance skills. The US Army's Engagement Skills Trainer (EST) was designed to teach basic and advanced marksmanship skills, and can be used to monitor performanc...

Assessment of Rifle Marksmanship Skill Using Sensor-Based Measures

PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2000

Research on USMC Marksmanship Training Assessment Tools, Instructional Simulations, and Qualitative Field-Based Research

2003

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Determinants of Rifle Marksmanship Performance: Predicting Shooting Performance with Advanced Distributed Learning Assessments

2004

Small arms combat modeling: a superior way to evaluate marksmanship data (original) (raw)

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