DEEC-Based Meta-heuristic Unequal Clustering Scheme for Energy Sustenance of Heterogeneous Nodes in WSN (original) (raw)
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A Review on Energy Efficient Clustering Protocols of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network
Today is the era of information technology, collect the information and use it for required application with technology support. Sensor nodes operating remotely are the popular approach for today's researcher for collecting real time information. But, facing difficulty due to constraints of energy resource for long life monitoring. So there is high need to have energy efficient communication scheme for the betterment of sensor network communication. Clustering protocol is the best option in designing routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Though we have option of heterogeneity, Clustering approach enhances the energy efficiency of WSN by systematically sharing the load and hence prolongs the lifetime of the network. Most of the researchers achieve energy efficient approach in WSN, by adding different level high energy nodes and use clustering approach to prolong the lifetime of WSN. There are lots of efforts put in reality by researchers for the development of energy efficient schemes with WSN. This paper explored the contribution of different clustering scheme reported in published literature in the three sections as Clustering algorithm basic and its different attributes, suggested Cluster head selection criteria, literature survey and the identified gaps found in published material. The main aim of this paper is to present basic considered in designing clustering algorithm and metrics available for validation. Summary: CH are selected based on residual energy and it is to be at the central position of cluster .The node with minimum value of energy will be TCH for next round and the node with highest RE is CH for next round, also have the provisioning of sleep period. BS is at the outside the network. 23
Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 2016
In this paper, an improved version of the energy aware distributed unequal clustering protocol (EADUC) is projected. The EADUC protocol is commonly used for solving energy hole problem in multi-hop wireless sensor networks. In the EADUC, location of base station and residual energy are given importance as clustering parameters. Based on these parameters, different competition radii are assigned to nodes. Herein, a new approach has been proposed to improve the working of EADUC, by electing cluster heads considering number of nodes in the neighborhood in addition to the above two parameters. The inclusion of the neighborhood information for computation of the competition radii provides better balancing of energy in comparison with the existing approach. Furthermore, for the selection of next hop node, the relay metric is defined directly in terms of energy expense instead of only the distance information used in the EADUC and the data transmission phase has been extended in every round by performing the data collection number of times through use of major slots and mini-slots. The methodology used is of retaining the same clusters for a few rounds and is effective in reducing the clustering overhead. The performance of the proposed protocol has been evaluated under three different scenarios and compared with existing protocols through simulations. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing protocols in terms of network lifetime in all the scenarios.
The major challenge for wireless sensor networks is energy consumption minimization. Wireless transmission consumes much more of energy. In the clustered network, a few nodes become cluster heads which causes the energetic heterogeneity. Therefore the behavior of the sensor network becomes very unstable. Hence, the need to apply the balancing of energy consumption across all nodes of the heterogeneous network is very important to prevent the death of those nodes and thereafter increase the lifetime of the network. DEEC (Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) is one of routing protocols designed to extend the stability time of the network by reducing energy consumption. A disadvantage of DEEC, which doesn't takes into account the cluster size and the density of nodes in this cluster to elect the cluster heads. When multiple cluster heads are randomly selected within a small area, a big extra energy loss occurs. The amount of lost energy is approximately proportional to the number of cluster heads in this area. In this paper, we propose to improve DEEC by a modified energy efficient algorithm for choosing cluster heads that exclude a number of low energy levels nodes due to their distribution density and their dimensions area. We show by simulation in MATLAB that the proposed approach increases the number of received messages and prolong the lifetime of the network compared to DEEC. We conclude by studying the parameters of heterogeneity that proposed technique provides a longer stability period which increases by increasing the number of nodes which are excluded from the cluster head selection.
A Review on Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network
International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2017
Today is the era of information technology, collect the information and use it for required application with technology support. Sensor nodes operating remotely are the popular approach for today's researcher for collecting real time information. But, facing difficulty due to constraints of energy resource for long life monitoring. So there is high need to have energy efficient communication scheme for the betterment of sensor network communication. Clustering protocol is the best option in designing routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Though we have option of heterogeneity, Clustering approach enhances the energy efficiency of WSN by systematically sharing the load and hence prolongs the lifetime of the network. Most of the researchers achieve energy efficient approach in WSN, by adding different level high energy nodes and use clustering approach to prolong the lifetime of WSN. There are lots of efforts put in reality by researchers for the development of energy efficient schemes with WSN. This paper explored the contribution of different clustering scheme reported in published literature in the three sections as Clustering algorithm basic and its different attributes, suggested Cluster head selection criteria, literature survey and the identified gaps found in published material. The main aim of this paper is to present basic considered in designing clustering algorithm and metrics available for validation.
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2013
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) comprise of a large number of sensor nodes. These sensor nodes have limited energy resources, processing and storage capabilities. The network layer protocols have thus to ensure reliable communication under these conditions. A higher network lifetime is one of the key issues of WSNs. Clustering is a very basic topological concept that cuts down the energy expenditure in WSNs. At present, majority of research is directed towards a homogeneous environment, wherein all the sensor nodes have initially the same amount of energy. Contrary to this, in a heterogeneous environment, a certain population of the sensor nodes is furnished with additional energy resources, thus leading to an energy-hierarchy. This heterogeneity in the sensor nodes results in a higher network lifetime. In this paper, we have proposed an energy efficient clustering scheme called ETDEEC (Enhanced Threshold Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering). Simulation results demonstrate the protocol performs better in terms of network lifetime and packet delivery capacity as compared to others.
HEEC: a hybrid unequal energy efficient clustering for wireless sensor networks
Wireless Networks, 2018
An important challenge in wireless sensor networks is energy conservation. Recently, several hybrid, dynamic and static clustering protocols have been proposed to solve this challenge. In this paper, a hybrid unequal energy efficient clustering is proposed to improve previous methods and increase lifetime of the network. In the proposed protocol, a new mechanism called clustering strategy is used. This mechanism, based on arrangement of nodes in a network, determines whether nodes should use information of their neighbors or should not use this information. This strategy helps to reduce overhead considerably. On the other hand, clustering is unequal so that nodes closer to base station (BS) have more energy to receive and relay data towards BS. In order to reduce overhead, clustering is designed as hybrid static-dynamic so that transmitting control message for clustering is not required at each round. Two new techniques are proposed for routing. First, assistance to cluster heads mechanism which allows cluster heads to get help from some of its member nodes which have suitable energy and distance to help sharing cluster's load. In other words, a new intra-cluster multi-hop routing is proposed. Second new technique is discretion license which is performed in real time and allows the nodes to prevent transmissions of packets that may arrive at a destination in an incomplete form. In addition, inter-cluster routing use a new technique based on layering is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed method has reduced network overhead, increased network stability, energy balance and lifetime of the network.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of large number of randomly deployed energy constrained sensor nodes. Sensor nodes have ability to sense and send sensed data to Base Station (BS). Sensing as well as transmitting data towards BS require high energy. In WSNs, saving energy and extending network lifetime are great challenges. Clustering is a key technique used to optimize energy consumption in WSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering based routing technique: Enhanced Developed Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering scheme (EDDEEC) for heterogeneous WSNs. Our technique is based on changing dynamically and with more efficiency the Cluster Head (CH) election probability. Simulation results show that our proposed protocol achieves longer lifetime, stability period and more effective messages to BS than Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (DEEC), Developed DEEC (DDEEC) and Enhanced DEEC (EDEEC) in heterogeneous environments.
ArXiv, 2014
Wireless sensor networks are composed of low cost and extremely power constrained sensor nodes which are scattered over a region forming self organized networks, making energy consumption a crucial design issue. Thus, finite network lifetime is widely regarded as a fundamental performance bottleneck. These networks are used for various applications such as field monitoring, home automation, medical data collection or surveillance. Research has shown that clustering sensor nodes is an efficient method to manage energy consumption for prolonging the network lifetime. Presence of heterogeneity enhances the lifetime and reliability in network. In this paper, we present the distributed and energy efficient clustering protocols which follow the thoughts of Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering protocol. Objective of our work is to analyze that how these extended routing protocols work in order to optimize network lifetime and how routing protocols are improved. We emphasizes on issues e...
In recent advances, many routing protocols have been proposed based on heterogeneity with main research goals such as achieving the energy efficiency, lifetime, deployment of nodes, fault tolerance, latency, in short high reliability and robustness. In this paper, we have proposed an energy efficient cluster head scheme, for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, by modifying the threshold value of a node based on which it decides to be a cluster head or not, called TDEEC (Threshold Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) protocol. Simulation results show that proposed algorithm performs better as compared to others.
Developed Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DDEEC) for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
2010 5th International Symposium On I/V Communications and Mobile Network, 2010
Typically, a wireless sensor network contains an important number of inexpensive power constrained sensors, which collect data from the environment and transmit them towards the base station in a cooperative way. Saving energy and therefore, extending the wireless sensor networks lifetime, imposes a great challenge. Clustering techniques are largely used for these purposes. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a clustering technique called a Developed Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. This technique is based on changing dynamically and with more efficiency the cluster head election probability. Simulation results show that our protocol performs better than the Stable Election Protocol (SEP) by about 30% and than the Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DEEC) by about 15% in terms of network lifetime and first node dies.