Comparative analysis of histopathological alterations of rabies in cows, buffaloes and dogs (original) (raw)
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Comparative analysis of histopathological alterations and immunohistochemistry was performed on 15 brain samples of cow. In the present study, brain tissues were positive in 9 cases (60.0%), using polyclonal antiserum by immunohistochemistry and 7 cases (46.60%) were found positive for rabies by demonstration of Negri bodies. Hundred neurons per case were observed for Negri bodies; number of Negri bodies in positive neurons was counted and a comparison of IHC and histopathology was done. Number of neurons positive for rabies virus antigen per 100 neurons (900 neurons) by IHC were more (665) than H& E staining (344) and average number of Negri bodies per neuron detected by IHC were more (2.97) than histopathology (1.52), therefore, IHC was found to be more sensitive than histopathology.
Histopathological lesions associated with rabies in nervous tissue of animals
The aim of the present study was to find out histopathological alterationsassociated with rabies in nervous tissue of animals. Samples from 6 different species were collected, i.e., 22 dogs, 16 buffaloes, 7 cows, 1 donkey, 3 mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) and 1 samber (Rusa unicolor). Out of 28 positive cases, 12 were dogs, 9 buffaloes, 3 cows, 3 mongooses and 1 donkey. Twenty eight (56%) cases were found to be positive for rabies by Fluorescence Antibody Technique (FAT). While 19 cases (38%) were detected positive by demonstration of Negri bodies though histopathological examination. In comparison to FAT, histopathology revealed 64.28% sensitivity. Histopathological alterations associated were Babes' nodules, satellitosis, spongiosis, vacuolation in neurons,neuronophagia, gliosis, neuronal degeneration, congestion, perivascular cuffing, hemorrhages, oedema and meningitis. It was concluded that detection of Negri bodies was quite consistent in buffalo and cows as compared to the dogs. Cerebellum is the most reliable site for detecting Negri bodies in the case of buffalo and cows and hippocampus in the case of dogs.
The present study was envisaged to compare the sensitivity of detection of rabies virus antigen by application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique on fresh impression smear (Direct-FAT) and that on formalin-fixed nervous tissue (Indirect-FAT), histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cattle. A total of 15 cases of cattle suspected for rabies were presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical complex and from various parts of Punjab. Out of 15 cases, 9 (60%) cases were positive by direct-FAT, indirect-FAT and IHC. On the basis of Negri body detection and histomorphological alterations, rabies was confirmed in 7 (46.6%) cases, thus histopathology revealed 77.77% sensitivity in comparison to direct-FAT. While indirect-FAT, and IHC revealed 100% sensitivity in comparison to direct-FAT. Percentage of neurons positive for Negri bodies by H & E and IHC were 37.11% and 73.88% and average number of Negri bodies detected per neuron by H&E and IHC were 1.56 and 2.97, respectively. Important clinical signs in rabid animals were anorexia, biting, bellowing, hyper-salivation andfrequent micturition. Thus, it is concluded that rabies detection in animals can be accomplished from formalin-fixed brain tissues, which offers same sensitivity as detection of rabies in impression smears.
Histopathological alterations in brains of rabies infected buffaloes and cattle
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2007
The quantitative study of histopathological alterations in the nervous tissues of 47 rabid buffaloes and 23 rabid cattle, it was found that there were certain similarities and significant differences in the histopathological alterations in various nervous tissues of these two species-that were often over looked. Whereas there was significant detection of Negri bodies in cerebellum both in cattle (91.3%) as well as in buffaloes (85.1%), however, in case of cerebrum, significant presence of Negri bodies was found only in buffaloes (65.95%) than in cattle (13.0%). Thus, in case of non-availability of cerebellum, Negri body detection could be attempted only in buffalo while it would not be reliable approach in cattle. However, reactive inflammatory response was more consistently present in brainstem than in cerebrum and cerebellum of rabid buffaloes and cattle. Similarly, malacia was more consistent finding in buffaloes (51.6%) than in cattle (26.08%).
Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of tissues outside central nervous system in bovine rabies
Journal of NeuroVirology, 2014
We performed a histopathological and immunohistochemical study of tissues outside the central nervous system in 48 cases of bovine rabies confirmed by direct immunofluorescence and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the central nervous system. In the bovines of this study, mononuclear inflammation in all ganglia (trigeminal, spinal, stellate, and celiac) and adrenal medulla was observed. This injury also occurred in 85 % of neuro-pituitaries in 55 % of pars intermediate and 15 % of the pars distalis of pituitary evaluated. IHC was positive in 92.31 % of lumbar spinal ganglia, 90.9 % of trigeminal ganglia, stellate ganglia of 41.67 and 16.67 % of the celiac ganglia. One of the evaluated adrenal (1/17) showed strong immunohistochemical labeling in the cytoplasm of pheochromocytes. The pituitary IHC was positive in one case in the neurohypophysis (1/20) and in one case in the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis (1/20). Data from this study indicate that in suspected cases of rabies, besides the complex pituitary rete mirabile and trigeminal ganglion, the evaluation of other ganglia, particularly the lumbar spinal, and adrenal may also contribute to the diagnosis and understanding of the clinical presentation and pathogenesis of the disease in bovines.
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Histopathological Analysis of Nervous Tissue in Rabid Buffaloes
In the present study, histomorphological alterations in nervous tissue of 28 buffaloes were studied for diagnosis of rabies virus lesions. Sensitivity of histomorphological alterations was compared with immunofluorescence (FAT). On the basis of Negri body detection and histomorphological alterations rabies was confirmed in 17 (62.96%) cases. Sensitivity of histomorphological study as compared with FAT was found to be 100%. Quantitative assessments of histomorphological alterations were Gliosis,
Rabies is considered a deadly zoonotic disease that still has been causing huge fatalities in all over the world. The objective of the present study was to investigate the histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular diagnosis of rabies in randomly selected ruminant’s brain tissue samples, Slaughtered at eight abattoirs of Faisalabad, Pakistan. A total number of 192 brain samples of sheep (n1=48), goats (n2=48), cows (n3=48) and buffaloes (n4=48) were procured and, Immersed in 10% neutral buffer formalin for fixation purpose. Most of the samples were quite healthy and their percentage distribution of variable pathological lesions (neuronal necrosis, perivascular cuffing and vascular congestion) in all brain Samples was noted, but found negative for rabies virus Infection. However, one sample of goat and buffalo were diagnosed positive for rabies virus by exhibiting characteristic pathological lesions such as babe’s nodule, cavernous lesions, perivascular cuffing, satellitosis and degenerative changes in various sections of the brain. Similarly, immunohistochemistry showed intense antigen-antibody reaction by producing viral masses in cerebrum and cerebellum of the brain. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) further confirmed the findings by generating nucleic acid band against a standard DNA ladder. This study was the second insight into rabies cases scattered among domestic animals of Faisalabad. Proper awareness, reliable prophylactic measures and diagnostic methods must be established to stop the concurrent spread of the rabies virus in humans and animals.