Metastatic pulmonary calcification in patients with hypercalcemia: findings on chest radiographs and CT scans (original) (raw)
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Metastatic pulmonary calcification: State-of-the-art review focused on imaging findings
Respiratory Medicine, 2014
Metastatic pulmonary calcification (MPC) is a subdiagnosed metabolic lung disease that is commonly associated with end-stage renal disease. This interstitial process is characterized by the deposition of calcium salts predominantly in the alveolar epithelial basement membranes. MPC is seen at autopsy in 60e75% of patients with renal failure. It is often asymptomatic, but can potentially progress to respiratory failure. Chest radiographs are frequently normal or demonstrate confluent or patchy airspace opacities. Three patterns visible on high-resolution computed tomography have been described: multiple diffuse calcified nodules, diffuse or patchy areas of ground-glass opacity or consolidation, and confluent high-* Corresponding author. Rua Thomaz Cameron,
Case report. Metastatic pulmonary calcification in renal failure: a new HRCT pattern
The British journal of radiology, 2002
A 56-year-old male with chronic renal failure presented with a 6 month history of progressive dyspnoea. High resolution CT of the chest showed multiple, peripheral, centrilobular nodules in the upper and mid zones, consistent with metastatic pulmonary calcification. Some of these pulmonary nodules showed ring calcification, a pattern that to our knowledge has not been described before. Calcification was also seen in the segmental pulmonary arteries, bronchi, trachea and subcutaneous vessels of the chest wall.
Pulmonary Metastatic Calcification in a Leukemic Patient
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 2010
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia in children and accounts for 80% to 85% of cases. Hypercalcemia-associated pulmonary calcification has been observed in ALL, but overall it is a rare condition. Hereby, we wanted to report a case of pulmonary metastatic calcification in a 4-year-old girl with diagnosis of ALL in our center, who died 1 year after diagnosis of leukemia. Pulmonary infiltrates were seen 2 months after diagnosis of leukemia, which was proved to be the flecks of calcium in alveolar spaces after open-lung biopsy performed 4 months after diagnosis of ALL, but elevated serum calcium was detected late in the course of the disease (7 mo after lung biopsy), this late occurrence of hypercalcemia is not reported yet.
Metastatic pulmonary calcification: Experience from a single center in Singapore
Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis, 2018
Metastatic pulmonary calcification (MPC) was seen in 79% of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during autopsy. However, it is not commonly diagnosed in vivo. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood. We report a retrospective series of 5 cases of MPC from a single center in Singapore. MPC were diagnosed using radiological or histological features. Mean onset of MPC from diagnosis of ESRD was 22.6 ± 3.1 years. One patient remains asymptomatic. Four patients died, one was related to MPC. All patients had calcifications at the lung apices on radiological studies. Three patients with MPC were diagnosed based on radiological features while 2 had histological features. Four patients underwent parathyroidectomy without radiological changes before parathyroidectomy. Median intact parathyroid hormone of this series was 5.6 pmol/L (IQR 1.3-139.4), alkaline phosphatase 74 U/L (IQR 62-461), calcium 2.10 mmol/L (IQR 1.85-2.40), and phosphate 1.30 mmol/L (IQR 0.87-1.63). The observed lo...
Metastatic pulmonary calcification: high-resolution computed tomography findings in 23 cases
Radiologia brasileira
The aim of this study was to evaluate the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in patients diagnosed with metastatic pulmonary calcification (MPC). We retrospectively reviewed the HRCT findings from 23 cases of MPC [14 men, 9 women; mean age, 54.3 (range, 26-89) years]. The patients were examined between 2000 and 2014 in nine tertiary hospitals in Brazil, Chile, and Canada. Diagnoses were established by histopathologic study in 18 patients and clinical-radiological correlation in 5 patients. Two chest radiologists analyzed the images and reached decisions by consensus. The predominant HRCT findings were centrilobular ground-glass nodules (n = 14; 60.9%), consolidation with high attenuation (n = 10; 43.5%), small dense nodules (n = 9; 39.1%), peripheral reticular opacities associated with small calcified nodules (n = 5; 21.7%), and ground-glass opacities without centrilobular ground-glass nodular opacity (n = 5; 21.7%). Vascular calcification within the chest wall was ...
Polish Journal of Radiology, 2018
Purpose: We present a case of metastatic pulmonary calcification (MCP) in an asymptomatic patient with chronic kidney disease after renal transplantation and nephrectomy due to renal cancer. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral, diffuse, centrilobular ground-glass opacities and heterogeneous, high-density areas distributed throughout the lungs, predominantly in the upper and middle lobes. Unusually, in our patient the metastatic calcification coexisted with pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma associated with end-stage renal disease. To our knowledge, such coexistence has not been previously described. Case report: CT, particularly high-resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT), plays an important role in detection and follow-up of MPC findings, which include ground-glass opacities and partially calcified nodules or consolidations, predominantly in the upper lung zones. Correct diagnosis is important because misdiagnosis may lead to improper or unnecessary treatment and/or procedures. Conclusions: MPC is a rare condition that results from calcium deposition in the normal pulmonary parenchyma. MPC commonly occurs in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease due to abnormalities in calcium and phosphate metabolism. It is worth pointing out that despite the fact that the condition is called metastatic, it is a relatively benign lung disease with a generally good long-term prognosis.
Extensive metastatic calcification of the lung in an azotemic patient
American Journal of Medicine, 1974
An unusual case of extensive pulmonary metastatic calcification occurring during the course of chronic pyelonephritis is described. The important features of this case are as follows: (1) Metastatic calcification appeared to develop in an early state of chronic renal failure when there was neither hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism nor evidence of bone disease.
Thorax, 1979
A uraemic patient undergoing chronic haemodialysis developed diffuse metastatic pulmonary calcification and died from acute respiratory insufficiency after renal transplantation. Thirteen similar cases previously published are reviewed, with emphasis on the clinical and anatomical features of such calcinosis. The pathogenesis of this calcification in patients on maintenance haemodialysis and some rules for its prevention are discussed.
Metastatic Pulmonary Calcification in Multiple Myeloma in a 45-Year-Old Man
Case Reports in Pulmonology, 2013
Metastatic calcification has been associated with multiple-myeloma-induced hypercalcemia. Despite of a relatively high prevalence of metastatic pulmonary calcification in patients with multiple myeloma, only a few cases have been clinically and radiologically detected. A 45-year-old Hispanic male presented to the Emergency Department with complaint of worsening weakness and myalgia. Laboratory findings revealed renal insufficiency and hypercalcemia. CT scan of chest revealed calcified pleural and pulmonary nodule. Technetium (Tc) 99 bone scan revealed diffuse activity in the pulmonary parenchyma consistent with metastatic pulmonary calcification. Metastatic pulmonary calcification, despite its high prevalence, remains undetected. This is, in part, due to its radiographic characteristic properties that evade detection by routine imaging studies. We present a case of a metastatic pulmonary calcification in a patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma and chronic kidney disease, as well a...
Metastatic Calcification in Chronic Renal Failure
Pjr, 2013
Metastatic calcification is the deposition of calcium salts in previously healthy tissues, usually as a result of abnormalities of calcium and phosphorous metabolism. The pulmonary parenchyma is most susceptible to calcification. Such condition may be caused by both benign and malignant diseases, most commonly metastatic pulmonary calcification is seen in patients with chronic renal failure who are on hemodialysis. In autopsies, 60-80% of patients with CRF reportedly present MPC. 1 We report two cases with chronic renal failure and metastatic calcifications, both patients were hypertensive and were on dialysis. A 46 yrs old female suffering from chronic renal failure, is on dialysis for 2 years. Another patient 48 yrs old was a known case of chronic renal failure. She is on dialysis for 6 years.