The simulation of novel annular shape on the performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (original) (raw)
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A three-dimensional, gas-liquid two-phase flow and transport coupled model has been developed and solved in the entire modeling domain simultaneously using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The model was utilized to simulate the velocity and local current density distributions and various performance influencing operational and geometric parameters of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells with conventional and interdigitated flow fields. The simulations are presented and discussed with an emphasis on the physical insight and fundamental understanding. Accordingly, some methods bettering the performance are suggested. The comparison between the modeling result and experimental data shows a good agreement. Keywords: proton exchange membrane fuel cell; three-dimensional model; transport mechanism; cell performance; computational fluid dynamics; optimum design
Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment, 2018
In this paper, a three-dimensional, single-phase proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is studied numerically. Finite volume method was used for solving the governing equations and, consequently, the numerical results were validated by comparing them with experimental data, which showed good agreement. The main objective of this work is to investigate the effect of a novel gas channel shape-by applying sinusoidal gas channel-on the cell performance and mass transport phenomena. Some parameters such as oxygen consumption, water production, protonic conductivity, and temperature distribution for two cell voltages were studied, and the results were compared with respect to conventional and new models. The results indicated that the new novel model showed better performance than the conventional model, especially at low cell voltages, causing an increase in oxygen consumption and water production. Therefore, based on a number of investigated relations, a higher rate of current density was obtained, thus enhancing the fuel cell performance. This is because the incoming species path to the gas channels in the new model becomes longer. Therefore, the diffusion of the species toward the electrochemical reaction area increased.
International Journal of Heat and Technology, 2013
A full numerical, three-dimensional, single phase computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with both the gas distribution flow channels and the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) has been developed. A single set of conservation equations which are valid for the flow channels, gas-diffusion electrodes, catalyst layers, and the membrane region are developed and numerically solved using a finite volume based computational fluid dynamics technique. The present simulated single straight channel PEMFC model, accounts the major transport phenomena and the performance. Additionally, the effect of anode transfer coefficient, α an , reduction has been investigated on the fuel cell performance and species distribution. The results showed that, decreasing the anode transfer coefficient leads to lower magnitude of the oxygen and water mass fraction. In this way, the current density, which generating by the cell decreases too.
Hemijska industrija, 2012
A full numerical, three-dimensional, single phase computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with both the gas distribution flow channels and the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) has been developed. A single set of conservation equations which are valid for the flow channels, gas-diffusion electrodes, catalyst layers, and the membrane region are developed and numerically solved using a finite volume based computational fluid dynamics technique. The present simulated single straight channel PEMFC model, accounts the major transport phenomena and the performance. Additionally, the effect of anode transfer coefficient, α an , reduction has been investigated on the fuel cell performance and species distribution. The results showed that, decreasing the anode transfer coefficient leads to lower magnitude of the oxygen and water mass fraction. In this way, the current density, which generating by the cell decreases too.
2021
In the present work, a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) as a three-dimensional and single phase was studied. Computational fluid dynamics and finite volume technique were employed to discretize and solve a single set of flow fields and electricity governing equations. The obtained numerical results were validated with valid data in the literature and good agreement was observed between them. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of deformation of the geometric structure of a conventional cubic fuel cell into a cylindrical one. For this purpose, some important parameters indicating the operation of the fuel cell such as oxygen distribution, water, hydrogen, proton conductivity of the membrane, electric current density, and temperature distribution for two voltage differences between the anode and cathode and the proposed models were studied in detail. Numerical results showed that in the difference of voltages studied, the proposed new model had better...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
The flow-field design is an essential key in the operation of fuel cells, it conducts main functions such as contributing reactants to the membrane electrolyte assembly (MEA) over gas diffusion layers, conductive part, clamping MEA as well as water management & thermal management and so on. As a result, it is necessary to optimize the flow-field design of fuel cells in order to enhance fuel cell operation characteristics. This paper shows numerical analyses of fuel cell characteristics based on 4 configurations of flow-field in order to find out the best design for enhancing fuel cell performance. The results showed that the different design of flow-field for the anode side and the cathode side can contribute to enhancing fuel cell operation characteristics due to their difference in water formation and discharge. Indeed, the fuel cell configuration with the serpentine flow field in anode side and the pin flow field in the cathode side is the best design because it leads to reducing...
Effects of difference flow channel designs on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell using 3-D Model
Energy Procedia
This research was studied to design of flow field on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell for distributions in reaction gas. The design of flow field was studied the effects of channel configurations of flow field plates on the performance of a PEMFC. Effects of widths, length and curve channel of a flow field plate were studied in an effort to optimize the dimensions of channel. It was assumed that the development of these design techniques with CFD will require. This study used three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was investigated the effects of serpentine flow channel designs on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This model was validated by the experiments. The numerical results were provided understanding the effect of flow field pattern design on performance of the fuel cell. This led us to a better design of gas flow field, which improves the gas distribution and water management. This research will investigate the relationship between ...
An effect of straight and serpentine flow fielddesign on proton exchange membrane fuel cell
2017
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is energy conversion device especially in future use in stationary and vehicular applications. PEMFC’s provide high efficiency and power density with null emission, low operating temperature, quickly start and long life. One aspect that is crucial to optimizing the performance of PEM fuel cells understands is the physics in the flow field and how changes in flow field geometry affect the performance. Hence, in the present study, a model of PEM fuel cell was simulated to understand the effect of straight and serpentine flow field on performance of fuel cell and to predict the effects of changes in the flow field geometry. Commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used to extend a numerical three dimensional model of a single PEM fuel cell. Numerical model assumed as a steady state, including Navier-Stokes equations, phase equilibrium, governing electrochemical equations and energy equation. These equations resolved in order ...
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science, 2020
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs have attracted worldwide scientists to research to apply them for stationary fuel-cell or portable fuel-cell applications. May previous studies results showed that the PEMFCs performance is affected by many parameters such as flow-field design, boundary conditions, environmental humidity. Among those, the flow-field design is the main critical and design issue of PEM fuel cells because it directly affects the gas distribution as well as water discharge. If the membrane is to dry, it causes an increase of resistive loss. Otherwise, if the water flooding happens in the cathode, it will block the channels and causes the performance reduction. Thus, the optimization of the membrane water content is essential to ensure the optimal operation of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system. Also, water management is deeply influenced by flow field design. This paper shows the numerical analysis of the effect of flow-field design on fuel cell performance. The results of this design are the foundation for optimizing the design in order to enhance fuel cell performance.
Design and analysis of a proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC)
Renewable Energy, 2013
Flow distribution of both fuel and oxidant from the port to the individual cells critically control the performance of a PEMFC stack in combination. The low voltage generated in a fuel cell is compounded to usable value by stacking of cells. Under ideal conditions, a fuel cell stack performance is simply the sum of the performance of individual cells. However, this linear correlation is not achieved in practice. This is due to many reasons including poor distribution of reactants among different cells of the stack. Due to this flow mal-distribution, if the highest flow rate is adjusted at design value, other cells starve for fuel. Whereas, if the lowest flow rate is adjusted at the design value, other cells waste away the fuel. Hence, there is need to have accurate study of flow mal-distribution in a fuel cell and take remedial measures to reduce loss of output due to this flow deficiency. We present in this paper our efforts in this direction by simulating the distribution of fluids by analytical approach utilizing flow channeling model of a manifold to increase the power output of the fuel cell stack.