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New data tells us more about cancer incidence in North Africa
European Journal of Cancer, 2010
Egypt) increased in number from one to nine, and now covers 13% of the total regional population. Their data can be considered of good or acceptable quality, according to available indicators. The pattern of risk shown by these Registries is quite unique. The total cancer burden in North Africa countries is between one third and one half of what is observed in Europe. The overall incidence rate in men (world age standardised, per 100,000) ranges from 86.3 in Sé tif, Algeria, to 156.1 in Garbiah, Egypt. The range is similar in women: from 80.3 in Sé tif to 164.0 in Algier, both Algeria. The case mix and the level of rates are quite homogeneous in the countries considered. The most frequent cancers are the same as in Europe (Lung, Breast, Prostate). This pattern completely differs from that of Central and Southern Africa countries, where infection-related cancers are predominant. The wellknown excess risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in this area is confirmed, with rates reaching the level of 5.4 in men and 1.9 in women, which is 10 times higher than in Europe.
Cancer Incidence in Northern Central Moroccan Patients
Journal of Medical and Surgical Research, 2017
Purpose : Cancer remains a major health problem around the globe. Therefore, more efforts are needed to understand trends, causes, and distribution of cancer to control cancer epidemiology. The objective of this research was to investigate the association between cancer incidence and demographic and clinical data in Meknes, Morocco, North Africa. Methods: A number of 1380 cancer patients were studied at the Oncology Center of Meknes, Morocco. The correlation between cancer incidence and demographic and clinical data were conducted using Sample Power for Statistical Power package. Results: There was higher proportion of females among cancer patients. The 5 most common sites of cancer diagnosed in this population sample were: the breast cancer, followed by cervix, colon-rectum, bronchus and lung. The average length of treatment is 123.76 days. 45.3% of the patients were treated with chemotherapy. A significant (p≤0.05) association was found between cancer incidence and gender, age, ca...
Cancer incidence in the Tobruk area, eastern Libya: first results from Tobruk Medical Centre
Epidemiology and Health, 2021
INTRODUCTION Cancer is one of the leading health problems throughout the world; in 2018, the World Health Organization estimated that cancer was responsible for 9.6 million deaths. The majority of cancer-related deaths occur in developing countries [1]. The rate of cancer incidence is growing in developing countries because of aging and several cancer-associated risk factors, which include smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and some chronic infections; for instance, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are associated with liver cancer, human papillomavirus is linked to cervical cancer, and Helicobacter pylori is associated with stomach cancer [2]. Most developing countries have little data about the rate of cancer incidence [3]. In the Tobruk region in eastern Libya, there is no cancer registry for the collection and management of data on cancer patients. Cancer registries play an important role in planning and performing research on the causes of cancer, and are also useful for evaluating prevention and control programs target-OBJECTIVES: Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it is an increasing problem in developing countries. Estimation of the incidence of cancer is important, especially in regions with limited epidemiological data on cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide an updated report on the incidence of cancers in the Tobruk region in eastern Libya. METHODS: Data on cancer patients from the records of the Department of Histopathology of Tobruk Medical Centre from January 2013 to June 2020 were included. RESULTS: In total, 402 cases were recorded. Men patients accounted for 30.3% (n = 122) of cases, and women patients represented 69.6% (n = 280). The overall mean age at the time of the first diagnosis was 49.0 ± 17.1 years. The most common malignancies were breast and uterine cancer in women (18.4%, n = 74; 15.9%, n = 64, respectively), colorectal cancer (11.6%, n = 47; 26 in women and 21 in men), bladder cancer (8.2%, n = 33; 8 in women and 25 in men), and thyroid cancer (8.0%, n = 32; 23 in women and 9 in men). CONCLUSIONS: Breast and uterine cancers were the most common cancers in women, and bladder and colorectal cancer were the most common cancers in men, followed by colorectal cancer in both genders. These data will help health authorities launch preventive plans for cancer in the region. Further studies to identify aetiological factors and cancer-related risk factors need to be conducted in the region.
Cervical cancer in Tunisia: an epidemiological, clinical and pathological study
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2004
Background: This study was undertaken to determine epidemiological and pathological profile of cervical cancer in Tunisia. Design study: Registration and analysis of all cervical cancer newly diagnosed during the year 1994 (year of general census) based on review of all pathology laboratory files in the country with exclusion of previously diagnosed cases according to clinical data. Results: During the year 1994, 216 new cases were registered among which 195 cases (89.81%) were invasive carcinoma. The standardized incidence (invasive cancer) is 5.91 per 100 000 women per year. The average age was 53.7 year. Sixty-three percent cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage (IIB, III, IV FIGO stages). Invasive carcinoma has distributed as follows: 177 cases (91.23%) were squamous invasive carcinoma, 17 cases (8.77%) were invasive adenocarcinoma. In the same year, 21 cases of in situ squamous carcinoma were registered with an average age equal to 44.21 year. Only one case of cervical cancer was a sarcoma (0.52%). Conclusion: The incidence of cervical cancer in Tunisia is relatively low in spite of the absence of a screening program. This may be related to monogamy and observance of legal age of marriage. Squamous invasive carcinoma is the most frequent pathological type. Condensation: The incidence of cervical cancer in Tunisia is relatively low in spite of the absence of a screening program. #
A review of the infection-associated cancers in North African countries
Infectious Agents and Cancer, 2016
Cancer is typically classified as a leading non-communicable disease; however, infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human papilloma virus (HPV), contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of various cancers. Less developed countries, including countries of the North African (NA) region, endure the highest burden of infection-related cancers. The five most common infection-associated cancers in NA in order of incidence are bladder cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This review aims to outline the epidemiologic pattern of infection-associated cancers in five NA countries (namely: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt) highlighting the similarities and differences across the region. The present study employed an initial literature review of peer-reviewed articles selected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and World Health Organization (WHO) databases based on key word searches without restriction on publication dates. Original research articles and reports written in French, as well as data from institutional reports and regional meeting abstracts were also included in this extensive review. Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco were selected to be the focus of this review.
Time trends of cancer incidence in Setif, Algeria, 1986–2010: an observational study
BMC Cancer, 2014
Background: Incidence rates of various cancers are increasing in Arab countries and are expected to reach those of industrialized ones in few decades. This paper aimed to describe the incidence rates of most common cancers-and/or of those cancer preventable through modifiable behaviors-recorded in the province of Setif, Algeria from 1986 through 2010. Methods: Cancer diagnoses for the 1986-2010 period were provided by the population-based Cancer Registry of Setif, disentangled by site, morphology, age (quinquennia), sex, and calendar period. The corresponding population was obtained from the Algerian Institute of Statistics. Age-standardized rates (world population) (ASR-WR) were computed by calendar period (five quinquennias from 1986-1990 to 2006-2010), while annual percent changes (APCs) were computed for the period 1996-2010. Results: During the 2006-2010 period, ASR-WR for all cancer sites were 106.4/100,000 in men and 110.3 in women. The four leading cancers were: lung (18.0%); colon-rectum (9.6%); bladder (9.1%); and prostate (6.5%) in men; breast (36.4%); colon-rectum (8.5%); cervix uteri (6.0%); and thyroid (6.0%) in women. Between 1996-2010, overall cancer incidence increased statistically significantly (p < 0.05) in both men (APC = +2.5%) and women (APC = +3.7%). Statistically significant decreasing trends were observed for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (APC = −3.4%) in men, and for cervical (APC = −4.2%) and gallbladder (APC = −3.2%) cancers in women. Statistically significant increasing trends were observed for most common cancers both in men (lung:+1.
Cervical cancer in Morocco: epidemiological profile from two main oncological centers
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2012
In Morocco, the epidemiological profile of cervical cancer is not well established. The focus of the present study was both epidemiological and pathological characteristics. For all cases of cervical cancer treated between 2003 and 2007 in the National Institute of Oncology and the Oncology Department of the IbnRochd hospital (Casablanca), 900 cases were randomly selected. The mean age was 52.1±11.8 years. The most (90.5%) represented histological type was squamous cell carcinoma. For more than 57.0% cases the mean distance between patient's origin and center of treatment was greater than 100 km. According to the FIGO classification, only 17.2% of patients were identified as being in early stages (0 and I). For 72.2% patients the follow-up did not exceed 2 years. At 1 year of following-up 55.8% of patients were alive and 43.4% were lost to following-up. Our study addressed the issue of the burden of cervical cancer in Morocco. The result provides a basis for decision-makers for ...
Cancer incidence in Morocco: report from Casablanca registry 2005-2007
The Pan African medical journal, 2013
Few population-based cancer registries are in place in developing countries. In order to know the burden of cancer in Moroccan population, cancer registry initiative was put in place in the Casablanca district, the biggest city of Morocco. The data collected covers 3.6 millions inhabitant and included Casablanca city and the administrative region. The data collected in the years 2005-07 show that the top 5 forms of cancers in women were breast (ASR: 36.4 per 100,000), cervical (15.0), thyroid (6.7), colon-rectum (5.8), and ovarian (5.3); the top 5 cancers in men were lung (25.9), prostate (13.5), bladder (8.7), colon-rectum (8.1) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (7.2). Tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues represented 11% of all cancers (skin excluded); some presented unusual sex ratios. For breast, cervical, colorectal and thyroid cancer, respectively 57%, 42%, 28% and 60% of the cases were under 50 years of age. This was attributable to particularly low numbers of cases recorded ...
Burden of human papillomavirus infections and associated cancers in the North Africa region
- The North Africa region is characterized by countries that have common cultures and religion and that are more conservative sexual behavior compared to Occidental countries. In this paper, we provide the available information on the burden of Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers (cancer of the cervix, anal cancer, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer and cancer of the pharynx), as well as available data on the prevalence and distribution of HPV types among men and women with an HPV related cancer, for the countries of the North Africa region (NA).
Excli Journal, 2014
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide accounting for 7.4 million deaths. Cancer has become a major public health concern in Algeria. The aim of the present study was to estimate cancer incidence in Mascara Province based on the population-based cancer registry. We analyzed data from the cancer registry of Mascara covering all cancer cases diagnosed by all methods and included in the registry from 1 st January 2000 to 31 st December 2010. The results are presented as incidence rates of cases by site, sex, age, and crude rate. Agestandardized rates per 100,000 person-years (ASRs) were calculated, using the direct method of standardization to the world population. A total of 1875 cases of invasive cancer were recorded. The mean age of diagnosis for all cancers was 52.66 ± 0.5 in men and 59.18 ± 0.6 in women. The ASR for all cancers in females was 27.8 per 100,000, and that for males was 23.6 per 100,000. The most important finding of the present study was the high incidence of liver cancer among males and females in Mascara. Among females, breast cancer was the most frequently reported followed by Cervix uteri, liver and colon. The most frequent cancer types in males were lung, colon, esophagus and stomach and liver. Cancer incidence in Mascara province was lower than that reported in other national and regional registries. Findings of the present study revealed high incidence of liver cancer in the province, the highest in Algeria, suggesting high prevalence of risk factors.