Spectrum of neonatal diseases requiring respiratory support in UBTH, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
Related papers
Determinants of outcome in newborns with respiratory distress in Osogbo, Nigeria
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017
Background: Respiratory distress is one of the commonest presentations necessitating hospital admission in newborn unit. Regardless of the cause, if not recognized and managed quickly, respiratory distress can escalate to apnoea, respiratory failure, cardiopulmonary arrest and death.Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study of newborns with respiratory distress admitted into the SCBU of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. Respiratory distress was diagnosed by grunting, inspiratory stridor, nasal flaring and tachypnea (more than 60 breaths per minute), retractions in the intercostal, subcostal, or supracostal spaces and cyanosis. At admission, every neonate had a complete physical examination.Results: Of 625 babies admitted, 384 (61.4%) were males while 241 (38.6%) were females and 164 (26.2%) had respiratory distress. Respiratory distress was commoner among the preterms than term newborns. c2 = 44.7, p = 0.001. Leading causes of respiratory distress among the preterms...
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Background: The objective of this study conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital Larkana was to check the prevalence of respiratory distress in neonates and their morbidity and mortality associated with respiratory distress. Methods: A retrospective analysis of neonates with the respiratory distress syndrome during the period of one year was evaluated. The prevalence, risk factors related with respiratory distress syndrome were compared on the basis of neonatal and maternal factors. Results: The Majority of respiratory distress in our study, were due to Transient Tachypnea of newborn (TTN) 29.8%, RDS 22.1%, birth asphyxia 17%, and Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) 15.7%. Overall outcome of Neonatal Respiratory Distress was cure rate in 65.4%, Neonatal mortality rate 26.84% with highest mortality due to RDS and Sepsis and the morbidity rate is 7.7%. Conclusion: The TTN was the most common cause of respiratory distress in neonates. Mortality rate was 2...
Respiratory distress is a leading cause of hospital admissions in newborns contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. It could be due to respiratory and non-respiratory causes. Various etiological factors like RDS, meconium aspiration, birth asphyxia ,congenital pneumonia, congenital heart diseases, TEF etc cause respiratory distress in neonates. This was a prospective observational study done in NICU, Government General hospital, Kakinada, for a period of 18 months from January 2018 to June 2019 where 402 newborns with respiratory distress were enrolled to study the etiology, risk factors and outcomes of newborns with respiratory distress. The study showed that respiratory causes like meconium aspiration syndrome (34.3%), RDS (26.8%)was the major contributing factor to respiratory distress in newborns (69.2%). RDS is common in preterm babies who can be managed appropriately with timely surfactant administration. Mortality was high in newborns admitted with birth asphyxia (30%) and meconium aspiration syndrome(20%). 100% mortality was seen in cases due to congenital anomalies like TEF and CDH. Respiratory distress in newborns is a challenging problem in developing countries. Early recognition of fetal distress, institutional deliveries, timely referral to specialized centres for management, antenatal administration of steroids and frequent training of medical staff can go a long way in preventing morbidity and mortality due to respiratory distress in these neonates.
Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2018
Objective: To ascertain the outcome of neonates who are ventilated for various reasons in our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and determine the risk factors associated with increased incidence of adverse outcome.Study Design: Retrospective study.Place and Duration of Study: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi from Jul2016 to Dec 2016.Material and Methods: All neonates who received mechanical ventilation during the study period were included in the study.Results: Total sixty seven (35.8% females and 64.15% males) neonates were ventilated during the study period for various reasons. Of these 67 neonates who were ventilated, 35 (52.23%) died and 32 (47.76%) survived to be discharged home. 10 babies were born less than 28+ 0weeks gestation and all (100%) expired. Of 7 babies born between 28+1-31+6 weeks gestation, only 01 (14.28%) survived. Of 50 newborns between 32+0-36+6 weeks, 20 (40%) died and 30 (60%) survived to be discharged home.In our cohor...
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
Background: Respiratory distress is the most frequent cause of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Despite tremendous advancement in the management, it is still a major cause perinatal deaths particularly in this part of world. Objective were to determine the risk factors, causes and outcome of respiratory distress in neonates admitted in a NICU. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in NICU of institute of child and mother health, Dhaka from July 2020 to June 2021. Total 78 newborns aged below 28 days admitted with respiratory distress were enrolled. Respiratory distress was categorized as mild, moderate and severe according to Downe’s scoring. Results: Most of the babies (78.2%) belonged to age group ≤24 hours. The leading causes of distress in preterm were respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and that in term were perinatal asphyxia (PNA) and transient tachypnoea of neonates (TTN), both with statistical significance. Pneumonia, sepsis, congenital heart...
A clinical study of prevalence, spectrum of respiratory distress and immediate outcome in neonates
Innovative Publication
Background: Respiratory distress in neonates is one of the important clinical manifestations of a variety of disorders of the cardiopulmonary or non-cardiopulmonary origin. It is also one of the most common causes of admission in NICU within 48-72 hours. This study aims to know the prevalence and spectrum of respiratory distress in neonates. To estimate the outcome of respiratory distress in neonates admitted in NICU. Material & Methods: This retrospective study conducted at pediatric hospital NICU, Bikaner from May 2016 to July 2016. Data from case files of neonates with respiratory distress admitted to NICU over three months period were extracted and total number of neonates admitted in NICU data extracted from hospital register book. Results: Prevalence of respiratory distress in admitted neonates was 29.6%. Most common cause for respiratory distress was sepsis (pneumonia) 38.9% followed by respiratory distress syndrome (23%), meconium aspiration syndrome (20.5%), transient tachypnea of newborn (10%), congenital heart disease (6%), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1%) and pulmonary hemorrhage (1%). In our study prevalence of mortality in respiratory distress neonate was 41% (82), of these most common cause of mortality was sepsis followed by respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions: Respiratory distress in neonates is the most commonly encountered problem in NICU. Early diagnosis and treatment will prevent the mortality. Our study strongly recommends following simple steps like hand washing, breastfeeding and antenatal steroid therapy which will prevent respiratory distress in neonates. Early recognition and treatment of the common neonatal respiratory diseases will decrease both short-and long-term complications and related mortality of at-risk infants.
Neonatal respiratory distress in early neonatal period and its outcome
Introduction: Respiratory distress is one of the most common causes of admission in NICU. The aim of this work was to study the commonest causes of respiratory distress in NICU, analysis of each cause, and to determine the strategic plan needed to improve the outcome of these cases. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted through the period from January 2003 to October 2004. Data were collected from all patients admitted in the unit during this period. Results: Total number of, 855(17.27%) newborn were admitted to NICU, 140 of them developed respiratory distress comprising 16.37% of all NICU admissions and with an incidence of 2.83%. The commonest causes of respiratory distress in our study were transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) 57 (40.7%) respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) 24 cases (17.2%), birth asphyxia 16 cases (11.4%) and Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) 13 cases (9.3%). Cesarean section was the most common predisposing factor associated with the development of TTN and RDS (the most 2 common causes of respiratory distress in our study). The overall mortality rate of cases of respiratory distress in our study was 22.86%. Conclusion: The study confirmed the importance of NRD with a frequency rate of 2.83%, morbidity of 5% and mortality of 22.86% of cases. The causes, risk factors and immediate outcome were determined and discussed. Some recommendations were suggested in order to reduce its frequency, morbidity and mortality
An etiological study of respiratory distress in neonates in a tertiary care medical college hospital
Pediatric Review: International Journal of Pediatric Research, 2020
Introduction: Respiratory distress is the most common cause of NICU admissions in newborns. Early diagnosis of cause of respiratory distress is important in the management of neonatal distress for better outcome. The high incidence of maternal risk factors and newborn receiving poor antenatal care continues to test the abilities of the neonatologist. Inspite of recent advance in clinching diagnosis and management there are very less clinical studies on the neonatal respiratory distress in our country. Therefore, there is a need to know the etiological factors of the babies with respiratory distress. Materials and methods: A descriptive study of 150 neonates admitted to NICU of Sri Siddhartha Medical College and Hospital with clinical features suggestive of respiratory distress. All the newborn babies who developed respiratory distress within 72 hours of life were included in the study and those who developed respiratory distress after 72 hours of life was excluded from the study. Results: The commonest cause of neonatal respiratory distress in the present study was Respiratory distress syndrome (34%), followed by Transient tachypnoea of the newborn (30%), and Meconium aspiration syndrome (22.66%). LSCS was most common mode of delivery. Conclusion: The most common causes of respiratory distress were RDS, TTNB, MAS, and birth asphyxia. Proper antenatal care and early diagnosis of the antenatal complication and avoiding preterm deliveries will aid in the better outcome of the newborns. Early detection and appropriate management are essential to ensure better outcome in all infants presenting with respiratory distress.
Journal of Tropical Diseases, 2013
Introduction: Neonatal period in developing countries is characterized by various infectious diseases that make up leading causes and significant contributors to dismal morbidity and mortality statistics in this period of life. The diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa represents a challenge due to unavailability or scarcity of laboratory aids. The clinical diagnosis of sepsis may be difficult without laboratory aids irrespective of where the infant is born due to the fact that other non-infectious conditions can present with sepsis-like picture.