Attitude of Reproductive Age Women towards Factors Affecting Induced Abortion in Hamedan, Iran (original) (raw)
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Triangular Assessment of the Etiology of Induced Abortion in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 2013
Background: About 46 million induced abortions occur in the world annually. The studies have reported 80000 cases of induced abortions in Iran annually. Objectives: This qualitative study was conducted to identify the causes of unsafe abortion in Iran from the standpoint of three groups of experts, women with a history of abortion or unwanted pregnancy and service providers. Patients and Methods: A total of 72 in-depth semi structured interviews were conducted in 2012 in Tehran and Shahroud. After coordination with 8 experts, sampling from them was done using the Snowballing method in their offices. Sampling from 28 married and 10 engaged women with a history of unwanted pregnancy or unsafe abortion and 12 providers was done in health care centers and a in number of gynecologists' and midwives' offices. Sampling from women with a history of unwanted pregnancy or unsafe abortion such as single women, HIV positive women and drug users, and women who had sexual intercourse for money was started by referring to the social rehabilitation center for women and continued using the snowballing method due to difficulties in accessing them. Participants were from different ethnic groups including Fars, Gilaki, Mazandarani, Arab, Azerbaijani, and Lor. Content analysis was performed on collected data. Results: Based on the results of the interviews, participants have abortion for following reasons: 1. Wanted pregnancy (sub categories: fetal abnormalities, Concern about fetal health and lack of trust to prenatal diagnostic methods, Fetal sex, Lack of independent and free decision making regarding pregnancy in women, 2. Unwanted pregnancy (sub-categories: Socioeconomic factors, Beliefs and feelings, Lack of information about family planning) 3. Predisposing factors (sub-categories: Lack of information on religious aspects of abortion, Easy access to easy abortion methods). Some people, despite having unwanted pregnancy due to social, economic, cultural and family grounds, continued their pregnancy and did not have an abortion for the following reasons: Religious beliefs, Beliefs (fear of punishment in the afterlife and believing in fate) , Attachment to the unborn baby, Influence of the other people's opinions (physician, mother or spouse) Late diagnosis of pregnancy, Unsuccessful abortion attempts (Self-treatment, Unsuccessful medical abortion), Economic weakness and arbitrary treatment. Conclusions: In the present study, women who continued their pregnancy despite being unwanted were also interviewed. Although they had the same social, economic, cultural, and family problems as women with a history of unsafe abortion and had easy access to abortion, analysis showed that the difference in religious beliefs between the two groups was the most important factor that led women to choose two different approaches. The authors believe that in-depth analysis of people's beliefs and opinions in this regard and correction of false beliefs plays a crucial role in decreasing the rate of unsafe abortion.
Nursing and midwifery studies, 2015
Abortion in Iran, like other Islamic countries is severely restricted except in a few exceptions. However, some women who have an unwanted or mistimed pregnancy are seeking abortion. This study aimed to compare the contraceptive use and its related factors among repeat and first- time induced abortion seekers in Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 417 married women (age range, 15-49 years) seeking abortion services at either a hospital or private office in Maku City, the northwest of Iran, were selected through convenience sampling between December 2010 and March 2011. All the subjects were asked about the contraceptive methods used during the three months before the current pregnancy and the use of any emergency contraception and forced sex. Women who mentioned reasons except than completing family size for their applying for abortion were excluded from the analysis. Characteristics of women were examined using chi-square and t test. T test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to com...
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2021
Despite severe health and economic consequences that women face because of the negative attitude of healthcare providers towards safe abortion and post-abortion care (SA/PAC), no psychometric tool has yet been validated for assessing the attitude towards SA/PAC. Only a handful of studies have attempted to assess healthcare providers' attitude towards safe abortions in Pakistan. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a psychometric scale to assess attitude towards safe abortions in Pakistan. The study collected data from 106 workers of an NGO that provides SA/PAC through an online and anonymous survey using the organisation's network. The study used factor analytic techniques and structural equation modelling to validate the factor structure and a final hierarchical model. A final scale of seven items relating to attitude towards elective abortions and moral attitude towards safe abortions was validated. The scales were highly reliable with both factors having re...
Journal of Womens Health Care, 2015
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception regarding induced abortion. Method: This descriptive study was conducted in 1-15 October 2011. A questionnaire was applied to 419 married women by educated midwives/nurses. Results: The mean age of the women was 34.0 ± 7.7 years. 45.3% of them stated that the ideal number of children for a family as three. 80.7% believe that induced abortion is a sin and 74.9% had stated that it was a kind of murder, therefore was forbidden by religion. Also the irreversible modern methods of contraception, such as tubal ligation (24.1% of the women, and 17.2% of the spouses), and vasectomy (25.5% of the women, and 17.4% of the spouses) were perceived as a sin. 31.3% thought "induced abortion was not a sin in the case of a handicapped fetus", 53.5% thought "it wasn't a sin if the pregnancy was endangering maternal health" and 41.8% thought "it wasn't a sin if the pregnancy was the result of rape". Out of 419 women 58 (12.7%) had an induced abortion. Conclusion: One woman out of four thinks that irreversible contraceptive methods are a sin.
Introduction: Induced abortion defined as the intentional termination of the pregnancy for medical or any other reason before it reaches to viability. It is an important cause of bleeding during pregnancy and one of the five leading cause of maternal death in the developing world. It is stigmatized topic, both politically and socially which is surrounded by privacy, shame and misconceptions, which can lead to negative health and social consequences. Community attitudes and stigma, can pose important barriers to accessing reproductive health services. It is believed that the information generated through this study will fill some gaps in the study area in particular, and in the country at large. Objective: To assess the attitude towards induced abortion among adults residing in Mizan Aman town, Bench Majizone, Snnprs, South West Ethiopia, 2017. Methodology: A quantitative community based cross sectional study was used to assess the attitude towards induced abortion among adults residing in Mizan Aman town, Bench Maji zone. A Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Total samples of the study were 498. Individuals were interviewed by using standardized and structured questionnaire. The data was collected by 4 th year Bsc. nursing students and the collected data was analyzed using scientific calculator and the result is presented using tables and charts. Result: Out of 498 study participants 486 responds to the questions which gives response rate of 97.6%. Among the study participants, 200 (41.15%) had positive attitude towards induced abortion and the rest 286 (58.85%) had negative attitude. From the sampled population 270 (55.6%) of the participants support induced abortion if the fetus has serious defect in utero, 394 (81.1%) of the participants support induced abortion if the pregnancy seriously threatens the mother life, 249 (51.2%) of the participants support induced abortion if the family has low income and cannot afford more children and 261 (53.7%) of the participants support induced abortion if the pregnancy is due to rape. Conclusion and Recommendation: Among the participant, more than half had negative attitude towards induced abortion. Since more than half of the respondent opposes induced abortion, the government should design effective policy and implement to the ground to promote safe induced abortion.
Attitudes of Married Women Towards Induced Abortion in Manisa
Istanbul Medical Journal, 2019
Amaç: Bu araştırma evli kadınların isteyerek düşük konusundaki tutumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tiptedir ve araştırmanın evrenini Manisa kent merkezindeki 15-49 yaş evli 64,382 kadın oluşturmaktadır. Manisa kent merkezinde hizmet veren 11 adet aile sağlığı merkezinden orantılı tabakalama yöntemi ile 383 evli kadına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri "Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu", "İsteyerek Düşüğe Yönelik Tutum Envanteri" ve "İsteyerek Düşüğe Yönelik Bilgi Formu" ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada kadınların isteyerek düşüğe yönelik tutum ifadelerinden en yüksek katılımı; "isteyerek düşük yaptırmak günahtır" "isteyerek düşük bir cinayettir" ifadelerine göstermişlerdir. Yapılan çok değişkenli analizlerde; yaşı büyük, daha uzun süreli eğitim almış, çekirdek aile yapısına sahip, yaşayan çocuk sayısı az olan, daha önce isteyerek düşük yapan, modern aile planlaması yöntemi kullanan, kendini inançsız ya da dini inançları yerine getirmeyen biri olarak tanımlayan ve isteyerek düşük konusunda bilgi puanı yüksek olan kadınların isteyerek düşüğe yönelik tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda kadınların isteyerek düşüğe yönelik tutumlarının dinden etkilendiği, fakat tıbbi ve toplumsal bir gereklilik ortaya çıktığında ise isteyerek düşüğe olumlu bakabilecek esnekliğe sahip oldukları düşünülmektedir Anahtar Kelimeler: Düşük, medikal düşük, kadın Introduction: This study was aimed at revealing attitudes of married women towards induced abortion. Methods: This study was descriptive and the study population included 64.382 married women aged 15-49 years in the city of Manisa. Three hundred and eighty-three women were selected from 11 "family health care centers" by proportional stratified sampling. The data were collected using "Socio-demographic Information Form", "Attitude Inventory of Induced Abortion" and "Knowledge of Induced Abortion Form". Results: The participants had the highest rates of agreement with the items "induced abortion is a sin" and "induced abortion is a murder". Multivariate analyses showed that women at an older age, women with higher education, women having a nuclear family, women with fewer living children, women with a previous induced abortion, women using a modern family planning method, women defining themselves as nullifidians or who did not fulfil religious rituals, and women having higher scores for knowledge of induced abortion had a more positive attitude towards induced abortion. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the attitudes of women towards induced abortion were affected by religion, but that they had the enough flexibility to have a positive attitude when a medical or social necessity arose.
Attitudes towards induced abortion among gynecologists in Kurdistan region of Iraq
BMC Women's Health
Background Unsafe abortion is a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality in countries where induced abortion is restricted. In Kurdistan Region of Iraq, induced abortion is strictly forbidden except for life-threatening situations, increasing the risk of seeking unsafe abortions. Attitudes among healthcare professionals who directly encounter cases and consequences of induced abortion can be studied to improve women’s access to safe abortion. This study aimed to examine attitudes towards induced abortion among gynecologists in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Methods This cross-sectional facility-based study was conducted in the first quarter of 2022 in Kurdistan Region of Iraq in the cities of Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Duhok. Convenient sampling was used to invite 330 gynecologists to participate, with 171 ultimately completing the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 53%. Questionaries using the Taylor and Whitehead abortion attitude scale were sent in person or digitally...
Attitudes of Medical and Health Sciences Students towards Abortion in Jordan
BioMed Research International
Background. Jordan laws on permitting abortion are considered moderate. Religion is one of the key determinants of people’s attitudes towards abortion and plays a crucial role in people’s readiness to accept or refute this practice. In this study, we examined the attitudes of medical and health sciences students towards abortion. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire survey was distributed to students at Jordan University of Science and Technology. Attitudes towards abortion were tested using 16 items that were included in the survey. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used in the analysis. Results. A total of 1324 students in the medicine and dentistry colleges participated in the study. Two-thirds of the participants were women. Most participants were 20–25 years old, and they grew up in a family of 6–8 members. The overall attitude towards abortion was negative, except if the pregnancy was a threat to the mother’s life (...
The Women’S Perceptions About Unwanted Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study in Iran
Global Journal of Health Science, 2015
Background: Unwanted pregnancy has affected different aspects of our life. Researchers point out if a child's birth is unwanted, an increase in maternal issues can be observed. The aim of this study was to describe the women's viewpoints regarding unwanted pregnancy. Method: This qualitative study using content analysis was employed in Shiraz University in 2013-2014. 20 women with unwanted pregnancy were chosen using purposeful sampling. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and trustworthiness of them was evaluated. Results: Findings of this study, according to the participants' experience, revealed maternal emotions like embarrassment for getting pregnant, mother's own negative affection, concerns about missing family and other children, and terminating the pregnancy through illegal abortion, the husband's disagreement about the termination, blaming themselves for thinking about abortion or illegal abortion, and concern about their guilt feeling. Another finding was family problems like husband's behavior and his negative outlook towards his child and fetus. The next category belonged to anxiety about the future of their child, including economic, social and relational problems, and suppression of the children's logical expectations. The last finding was the lack of maternal emotional support. Conclusions: Unwanted pregnancy's effects on the mothers and infants' health are considerable. A closer observation by family and health care providers for unwanted pregnancies and its results is recommended; therefore, they should be taken care of as high risk pregnancies, requiring family support.