Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil at a Refuse Dumpsite in University of Cross River State (Unicross), Calabar, South-South, Nigeria (original) (raw)
Related papers
2020
Solid waste is a major environmental threat globally, and Nigeria is not an exception. The problem of improper disposal of solid waste is further compounded by population growth and economic development, which leads to the generation of an enormous amount of solid waste. The resultant effects are environmental pollution with various pollutants such as toxic heavy metals. This research determined the heavy metal concentration in the soil of Ugwuaji solid waste dump environs in Enugu, Nigeria. The oil samples were collected and transported to the laboratory for analysis. The soil samples were analyzed for heavy metal using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The study concludes that poor waste management and accumulation of tons of solid waste in the dumpsite negatively affects the soil quality in the area. Further, the open solid waste dumping exposed the soil to serious contamination with heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe). This implies to serious human and animal health d...
Energy and Environment Research, 2012
The manner in which municipal wastes generated are disposed in most urban areas in Nigeria is worrisome. The upsurge in population density and its resultant increase in urbanization and industrialization and the amount of waste generated in Aba, are of great concern. The objective of this research is to evaluate the concentration of some heavy metals in soils in the vicinity of Enyimba dumpsite in Aba, Nigeria. Thirty soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for some heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method and multivariate statistical techniques. Twenty-five of the samples were obtained from the vicinity of the dumpsite while five samples are collected far away from the dumpsite to serve as control samples. The overall decreasing metal concentration in the dumpsite soil is: Cd > Co > Cu > Zn > As > Pb > Mn > Ni > Cr. A positive correlation exists between Cd and organic matter (r = 0.598). Geo-accumulation index and contamination factor showed a moderate contaminated with Cd only while the other metals are in their uncontaminated level. Factor analysis revealed four major components accounting for 78.82% of cumulative variance of the contamination: Cd, Cu, Co and organic matter; Pb, Zn and pH; Mn, As, clay + silt and finally Cr and Ni. From the above observations, it is evident that only Cd showed more pronounced level of pollution than any other metal. The need to replace open dumpsites with well designed sanitary landfills is advocated.
Concentration of Heavy Metals in Soil around Dumpsites in Jimeta and Ngurore, Adamawa State, Nigeria
NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES, 2019
Rapid urbanization and industrialization in developing countries have been associated with production and deposition of hazardous wastes in the soil environments. Heavy metals are major components of these wastes and have been implicated in several metal-related diseases and food poisoning in man. This study examined the concentration of Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), and Cadmium (Cd) heavy metals in soil near dumpsites of Jimeta and Ngurore, Yola North Local Government Areas (LGAs), Adamawa State. Soil samples from 0-20cm layer depth were collected in triplicates and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results reveal that Fe, Pb, Cu and Chromium were detected, while Cadmium was found to be below the limit of detection. The mean concentration of the exchangeable cation in mg/kg in soil at Jimeta sites were: Fe (31.4 mg/kg) >Pb (0.92 mg/kg) > Cu (0.34 mg/kg) > Cr (0.11 mg/kg) >Cd (below limit of detection), while the mean concentra...
The elemental composition of lead, iron, cadmium, zinc and copper in the top soil samples (0-15cm) from some selected dumpsites and 100m away from the dumpsites within Ikot Ekpene town in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, have been measured and determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. At dumpsites, the concentrations of lead, iron, cadmium, zinc and copper ranged from 9.466 to 18.83 mg/kg, 18.06 to 23.47 mg/kg, 0.10 to 0.42 mg/kg, 13.82 to 17.26 mg/kg and 6.68 to 11.04 mg/kg respectively, while at control sites (100m away from dumpsites) the concentrations ranged from 5.21-7.53 mg/kg, 8.24-11.72 mg/kg, 0.04-0.08 mg/kg, 6.32-8.15 mg/kg and 2.06-5.61 mg/kg respectively. The concentrations of metals in soils at the decomposed biodegradable wastes dumpsites were higher than those at the control sites. It was observed that the concentrations of these metals in some sampling points were below accepted limit while others were within the accepted limit. Thus, no marked deleterious effe...
The rate at which heavy metals are polluting the soil at a dumpsite and at the residential area at Esuk Utan, Calabar Municipal Government Area was investigated. This was carried out by the method of digestion using UV visible Hach 500DC spectrophotometer. Analysis of the soil samples was done for ten heavy metals. The result showed that eight of the heavy metals analyzed for had values below the World Health Organization (WHO) limit for their presence in the soil and therefore were not harmful to the environment as at the time that the samples were collected. Iron and chromium however were present at levels greater than the minimum values recommended by the WHO. These two metals were found to be present at levels that could be dangerous to human health. Some of these heavy metals can find themselves into our food chain if we eat vegetables and other crops grown in and around the dumpsite. These heavy metals have very serious health implications if allowed into our body.
Mujahid Ajah Matazu and MZ Karkarna, 2021
The research was conducted to assess the level of heavy metals contamination using single and integrated pollution indices in soils around municipal solid waste dumpsites of Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria. Forty two soil samples were collected from seven municipal solid waste dumpsites of Kano metropolis using circular plot method. A stainless hand auger at a depth of (0 to 15) top soils and sub-surface soils (15-30cm) depth were collected and analyzed with Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to determine the heavy metal concentration. The mean concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals from the depth of (15-30 cm) were observed to follow a decreasing order Pb (7.71)>Zn (0.50) > Ni (0.45) > Cr (0.31) > Cd (0.025) while for surface soils (0-15cm) the mean concentration were in the following order: Pb (1.77) > Ni (0.49) > Zn (0.30) > Cr (0.27) > Cd (0.012).The results showed that calculated CF and Er recorded that investigated soil samples are uncontaminated with Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Pb and Ni. The pollution load index (PLI) was less than unity showing that there was minimum pollution in the studied dumpsite. The potential ecological risk showed that soil samples were in the class of low contaminated with the studied heavy metals. The results showed that concentrations of heavy metals of soil samples from dumpsites location at waste dumpsites of Kano Metropolis were within limits of European Union (2002) standards.
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2018
A survey of some heavy metal concentrations (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr and Fe) in soil of waste dumpsite and its associated environment was undertaken in this study. Soil samples were collected from the dumpsite (station 1), staff quarters of Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port Harcourt (station 2) and Fence of Eagle Cement Company (station 3) for a period of four months (January-May 2012). Mean concentrations of heavy metal obtained were 3.761±1.525mg/kg, 1.223±0.828mg/kg, 0.160±0.293mg/kg, 0.126±0.085mg/kg, 3.481±0.133mg/kg and 248.548±13.800mg/kg for Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr and Fe respectively with Fe having the highest concentration of 248.548±13.800mg/kg and Pb having the lowest concentration of 0.160±0.293mg/kg. The order of heavy metal concentration is Fe > Zn > Cr > Cu > Cd>Pb. Highest concentration of heavy metals across the stations was obtained in dumpsite soil (station 1) followed by Eagle Cement Fence (station 3). This result shows that plants planted close to dumpsite, surface and groundwater of nearby environments will be contaminated with heavy metal and will not be usable for human consumption and other categories of water usage. Wastes from the dump site can be reduced, reused and recycled.
Heavy metals pollution at municipal solid waste dumpsites in Kano and Kaduna states in Nigeria
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 2009
Soil samples collected from two major dumpsites each in Kano and Kaduna states were investigated for heavy metals pollution. Each of the dumpsite was divided into north, south, east and west. Four soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-15 cm from each part and pooled to form a composite sample. Soil samples from reserve areas within the same geographical locations as the dumpsites were collected as control. Acid-extractable cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) were determined using 2 M nitric acid solution and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The ranges of Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb levels for all the dumpsites were 0.30-49.8, 5.76-139, 0.39-19.1 and 42.6-9662 mg/kg, respectively. Kano dumpsite 2 was found to pollute most with Cd, Cr and Pb in 50-100 % soil samples collected having concentrations higher than the threshold limits set by regulatory body. Paper and food scraps showed higher percentages in both Kano and Kaduna dumpsites. The soil was high is sand for all the dumpsites implying high leaching potentials of the heavy metals pollutants.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination on Soil around E-Waste Dumpsite in Onitsha, Nigeria
Environmental Review, Volume 9, No 1., 2023
Electronic waste (e-waste) has become an issue of major importance as production technology rapidly develops and changes, and more unknown components of the waste enter the municipal waste stream. The absence of a structured management system and laxity in environmental laws and regulations in Anambra State have led to an increased influx of e-waste into the state. It has created an avenue for uncontrolled and crude methods of recovering valuable metals from waste. These ewastes are dismantled, some are burnt without prior knowledge of their composition and noxious matters are released into the environment. This study aimed to establish an understanding of the extent of heavy metals contamination on the soil around e-waste dumpsite in Ochanja in Onitsha, Anambra State with a view to generating baseline data on the extent of contamination of heavy metals from e-waste. Experimental research design was adopted and primary data were obtained through the collection of four different soil samples at varying distances within Ochanja e-waste dumpsite , the study Area. The collected soil samples were analyzed using Atomic Absorption SpectrophotometerAAS(GBC932AA) for the following heavy metals; Lead(Pb), Cadmium(Cd) Hexavalent chromium(Cr),Copper(Cu), Aluminium(Al) and Nickel(Ni). The result of the analysis showed that Al and Cr had maximium average value of 393.65mg/kg and 161.70mg/kg,followed by Pb(111.4mg/kg),Cu(102.37mg/kg),Cd(11.79mg/kg) and Ni(6.43mg/kg).The heavy metal concentrations in the soil were generally above 100mg/kg with exception of Cadmium (11.79mg/kg) and Nickel(6.43mg/kg),while the average concentrations of Al,Cu and Cd are above USEPA standard of 300mg/kg,50mg/kg and 3mg/kg respectively. The significant heavy metals found in soil samples in and around the dumpsites in the study area likely resulted from poor management of e-waste in the dumpsite in the study area. This is an indicator that the negative health impact of these heavy metals should be further investigated to avert any health and environmental consequences in the study area.