Floristic list and biological spectra of plants of Arrang Sire Ghar, Bajaur district of Khyber Pakhtonkhwa, Pakistan (original) (raw)
Floral diversity of District Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan
The study showed the floral diversity and variation in the structure of vegetation in District Bagh, AJ&K. A total of 200 plants belong to 65 families and 170 genera were documented from seven localities. The most species richest site was found Mahmood Galli with 101 species (dicots 55, monocots 35, pteridophytes 10 and gymnosperm 1) followed by Toliper 100 spp. (dicots 55, monocots 31, pteridophytes 13 and gymnosperms 1), Lasdana, 85 spp. (dicots 47, monocots 35, pteridophytes 6 and gymnosperms 2), Plungi 81spp. (dicots 51, monocots13, pteridophytes 16 and gymnosperm 1), Khurshidabad, 74 spp. (dicots 34, monocots 21, pteridophytes 19), Kahutta, 70 spp. (dicots 36, monocots 15, pteridophytes 19 ) and Kiran 46 Spp. dicots 34, gymnosperm 3). Among pteridophytes, Polystichum squarrosum had highest distribution percentage 85.71 % while Lepisorus clathratus and Pyrrosia mollis have least percentage distribution 4.28 %. Among gymnosperms, Pinus wallichiana had highest distribution percentage 57.14 % while Cedrus deodara and Pinus roxburgii have least distribution percentage 14.28. Aristida abnormis had highest distribution percentage with 71.42 % while Zizania aquatica and Themeda anathera have least distribution percentage with 14.28 %. In dicots, Amaranthus viridis, Amaranthus spinosus and Cucumis sativus had highest distribution percentage with 85.71 % and Oxalis corniculata, Quercus incana and Fragaria nubicola had least frequency with 14.28 %. Species diversity was high in the tree layer in the middle part of the altitudinal gradient. It decreases both towards upper and lower altitude, which was due to deforestation, human interaction, encroachment pressure, low number of species and soil erosion.
Floral Diversity of Balkassar, District Chakwal Pakistan
2019
Present study was conducted in Balkassar, one of the rapidly growing village of Chakwal, Pakistan for collecting basic information about flora pattern and community structure which was unknown and not well documented before. Different plant species were collected using Quadrat method. The collected specimens were dried, pressed and mounted on herbarium sheets. The taxonomic classification was done for differentiation of plant groups. A total of 45 plant species including 26 herbs belonging to 15 families, 10 shrubs belonging to 9 families and 9 trees belonging to 6 families were studied and identified from 15 selected sites. Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Apocynaceae, Fabaceae and Moraceae were the most common families of herbs, shrubs and trees which were recognized from the selected area. Present study findings suggest that this area is rich in herb flora. There is a need of accomplishment and improvement of preservation of biodiversity of the area. ...
Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 2021
The present study is a first attempt to describe the dominant plant families of the flora of Lower Tanawal, Pakistan. It provides valuable information about the different plant species of dominant plant families of the area. The present work is based upon investigating four dominant families (Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, and Lamiaceae) of Lower Tanawal District Abbottabad, Pakistan. Many study visits were conducted during the year 2016-2018 for the documentation and collection of data. The present paper deals with the 88 species belonging to 64 genera of four dominant families in which Asteraceae was dominant with 25 species followed by Fabaceae 24 species Rosaceae with 20 species and Lamiaceae with 19 species.
FIRST FLORISTIC EXPLORATION OF THE DISTRICT TORGHAR, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
District Tor Ghar lies on the western most edge of the Himalayas Range of Mountains. Plant scientists have explored most parts of Pakistan but still certain regions including Tor Ghar are un-explored. Thus it is imperative to introduce region in floristic terms for the first time. The study was initiated to not only provide first inventory of vascular plants but also to evaluate floristic diversity of the region. The research area was extensively visited during flowering and fruiting seasons of plants during the summers of 2012 and 2013. Plants were collected from various localities, voucher numbers were given to specimens and other relevant data pertaining to locality i.e., habitat, habit, family, scientific and local names were recorded for each species. Mounted copy of each voucher specimens were deposited to the Herbarium of Hazara University Mansehra. Results of this study were arranged according to Benthum & Hooker (1862-1883) system of classification. This first exploration revealed a total of 331 vascular plant species belonging to 246 genera and 101 families. These include 12 species of Pteridophytes, 6 gymnosperms and 313 Angiosperms. The dicotyledons were represented by 79 families, 197 genera and 267 species, while monocotyledons by 14 families, 38 genera and 46 species. Families Asteraceae and Leguminosae were the richest families with 25 & 24 species followed by Poaceae (21 species), Lamiaceae (17 species) and Rosaceae (14 species). Families Ranunculaceae and Brasicaceae were represented by 10 species and Euphorbiaceae had 9 species. Moraceae, Apiaceae and Polygonaceae each had 8 species. Remaining families either included 7 or less than 7 species. It is believed that this very first check list of vascular plants of Tor Ghar District is a comprehensive picture of floristic diversity and will serve as a base line for future studies. This exploration is a part of an ongoing project in which we will explore plant communities and ecological as well as anthropogenic gradients of the regional flora in near future.
The floristic study carried out during 2015-2018 revealed that the flora of Koh-e-Safaid Range comprised of 654 species, 401 genera from 116 families. Leading families were Poaceae 72 species (11.07%), Asteraceae 56 species (8.61%), Rosaceae 43 species (6.61%), Lamiaceae 41 species (6.25%), Papilionaceae 38 species (5.84%), Brassicaceae 32 species (4.92%), Ranunculaceae 17 species (2.61%), Apiaceae and Polygonaceae each with 16 species (2.41%). The largest genera were: Prunus (9 species), Potentilla and Astragalus (8 species each), Artemisia, Allium (7 species) Euphorbia and Amaranthus (6 species each), Lepidium, Nepeta and Cotoneaster (5 species each). Therophytes with 257 species (39.23%) were the dominant life form, followed by nanophanerophytes 104 species (15.92%), geophytes 100 species (15.31%), hemicryptophytes 98 species (15.00%). Cuscuta reflexa, Viscum album and Viscum articulatum were three of the shoot parasites. The leaf spectrum was dominated by nanophylls 246 species (37.67%) followed by microphylls 140 species (21.43%) and mesophylls 128 species (19.54%). Eleven species (1.68%) were aphyllous. Majority of the species (459 species, 70.29%) had simple lamina while seven species (1.07%) had spiny leaves. Present report also listed the some of the endemic species while Cleome amblycarpa and Salvia reflexa are reported as a new addition to the list of Flora of Pakistan.
FLORISTIC DIVERSITY OF SANTH SAROOLA, KOTLI SATTIAN, RAWALPINDI, PAKISTAN
The objective of present study was to record the existing flora of Santh Saroola, Kotli Sattian, Pakistan. For this purpose, field surveys were conducted in August 2009 to July, 2010. A total of 186 plants species belonging to 148 genera and 63 families were identified. The largest number of species was contributed by Poaceae (24 spp., 12.90%), followed by Asteraceae with 20 species (10.75%), Fabaceae (16 spp., 8.60%), Euphorbiaceae (8 spp., 4.30%), Lamiaceae & Solanaceae (7 spp., 3.76% each) and Brassicaceae (6 spp., 3.23%); while rest of 56 families possessed species with the range of 1-5. With reference to life forms, Therophytes were found very frequent in terms of flora (45.99%), followed by Phanerophytes (29.95%), Hemicryptophytes (18.18%), Chaemophytes (4.81%) and Cryptophytes (1.07%). Most of the plants present in this area were herbaceous (89) natured, follow by shrub (38), grasses (24), trees (17) and climbers (11).
Pure and Applied Biology
Ethnobotanical study aids in the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals for the treatment of various ailments in scientific times. Local people have gathered ethnobotanic information through a hit-and-run manner from millennia of indigenous wisdom and passed it down from generation to generation. This knowledge serves as a foundation for scientifically investigating a plant's potential medicinal effects. It will also provide a baseline for researchers in the various field of plant sciences. The current study was conducted during 2015-16 to record the floristic composition and ecological characteristics of the flora of Jani Khel, district Bannu. The floral composition revealed 80 species belonging to 29 families. Among them, 27 families were dicotyledons and 02 were monocotyledons. Papilionaceae and Poaceae were the leading families each with 08 species followed by Asteraceae and Cucurbitaceae (07 species each), Umbelliferae (06 species), Brassicaceae and Chenopodiaceae (05 species each), Mimosaceae, Moraceae and Solanaceae (04 species each), Alliaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Plantaginaceae and Rhamnaceae were represented by 2 species each, while the remaining families comprised single species. Therophytes (48 species, 60%) was the dominant life form, followed by Microphanerophytes (10 species, 12.5 %), Hemicryptophytes (08 species, 10%), Chamaephytes (07 species, 8.75%), Nanophanerophytes (04 species, 5%) and Geophytes (03 species, 3.75%). Nanophylls with (27 species, 33.75%) and Microphylls (20 species, 25%) were dominant leaf size classes. Megaphylls and Aphyllous were considered the least infrequent leaf size spectra in the area. It was observed that the research area has a diversity of plants, but due to anthrapogenic activities the flora is under pressure. So, measures should be taken to conserve the flora.
2014
Ethno botanical studies of economically important plants from Gilgit-Baltistan were conducted during 2003-2006. Extensive field trips were conducted for collection of plants according to their flowering and fruiting period and ethno-botanical data obtained during field trips. This area has many ecological zones, lies between 3000ft to 29000ft above sea level. Due to difference in soil, climate, moisture contents, latitude, longitude, altitude and topography, great diversity of plants of economic importance were found in these areas. Locals belonging to different ethnic groups, like, Sayyed, Gujjar, Mughal, Sheen, Yaskuin, Wakhi, Tajik, Khowar, etc., are settled there. They have distinct life styles, beliefs, traditions, life style and culture. There is a great shortage medical treatment therefore locals use indigenous plants for treatment of various diseases at local level. Folklore treatment is considered the cheapest source of curing diseases at local level. Information regarding ...
Ethnobotanical Studies of the Flora of Tehsil Birmal in South Waziristan Agency, Pakistan
2012
Ethno-botanical investigations were carried out in the tehsil Birmal of South Waziristan Agency, Pakistan during 2010-11. These investigations resulted in an exploration of 72 plant species from the area. These species included 49 medicinal plants, 16 forage, 11 fuel wood, nine vegetables, six agriculture tools, six ornamentals, four nectariferous, three tonic, two each for fencing and spices and one each for timber, furniture, confectionary and desserts, narcotic, cosmetic and insect repellent. A total of 30 plant families were recorded from the area, the largest was Lamiaceae, represented by nine species, Asteraceae by eight, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Malvaceae by five, Chenopodiaceae by four, Apiaceae, Moraceae, Liliaceae, Fagaceae and Asclepiadaceae by three, Alliaceae and Mimosaceae were represented by two species. The remaining 17 families including Amaranthaceae, Juglandaceae, Meliaceae, Oleaceae and Polygonaceae were all represented by only one species each.
Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 2021
Background: Plants provide food, clothing, shelter, medicines, fodder, fuel wood and ecosystem services. The floristic diversity of any area plays an important role in the sustainable livelihood and food security of the inhabitants of that area. The people of the research area Shahbaz Garhi, District Mardan are living in the far flung and backward area. They are dependent on plants and plants products for supporting their livelihood and other needs. They obtain food, fuel, timber, medicines and fodder from plants and also use plants for ornamental purposes. Since the area has a rich flora which was not previously documented. Similarly, the inhabitants use these plants for many purposes. Therefore, the present study was planned to document the flora and its local uses and to know how the local people use these plant natural resources to support their livelihood. Methods: Thorough collection of plants was made from the research area during 2019-2020. Plants were collected and the related data was documented on the spot in the field. Identification was carried out with the help of authentic literature. The ethnobotanical data was collected through questionnaires and 50 informants were interviewed, whose age was ranging from 20-60 years. Standard procedures were adopted for ethnobotanical information collection which includes (Stijfhoorn 1996-1997) and (Martin 2004) procedures and further data authentication was made by adopting artifact (ex-situ) and inventory (in-situ) methods. Results: A total of 85 species belonging to 42 families were recorded. Out of 42 families, 35 families were dicots, 5 were monocots and 2 families were gymnosperms. The dominant family was Asteraceae comprised of 7 genera (9.09 %) and 7 species (8.23 %) followed by Poaceae, Fabaceae and Amaranthaceae with 5 species each, while Cupressaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Rhamnaceae, Salicaceae, Solanaceae and Verbenaceae with 3 species each and the remaining families were represented by 2 or less species. The life form class was dominated by Therophytes comprised of 31 spp. (36.4%) followed by Nanophanerophytes 24 spp. (28.2 %) and Chamaephytes 11 spp. (12.9 %). The leaf size spectra showed that Microphylls was dominant with 25 spp. (29.4 %), followed by Mesophylls with 24 spp. (28.2 %), while the Nanophylls with 12 spp. (14.1%) and Leptophylls with 10 spp. (11.7 %). The habit of plants showed that 43 species (50.5 %) were herbs, 28 species (32.5 %) were trees, and 14 spp. (16.4 %) were shrubs.