Evaluation of Telomerase Activity in Gingival Fibroblasts of Cyclosporine-Treated Patients (original) (raw)
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The Role of Dental Plaque in Development of Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth [ DGO ]
2017
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DGO) is an adverse effect of certain medicines: immunosuppressive agents, antiepileptics, and calcium (Ca 2+) channel blockers. The ethiology of DGO is multifactorial and probably the dental plaque has the major role in it. Aim: The aim of this study was to obtain the role of dental plaque in etiology of DGO. Matherial and methods: 120 patients with renal transplants were included in this examination. The cohort was divided into a four groups according to the daily dose of cyclosporine A(CsA) (100, 125, 150, 175 mg). The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival overgrowth index (GOI), and cyclosporine dose, were recorded for various groups and a prospective longitudinal follow up was conducted. Results: There were no statistical differences of PI at examined groups (p>0,05). It was registered a significant difference among distribution of frequency for gingival overgrowth between the examined groups (x2 test=12,672; p<0,01). Statistica...
Drug-Induced Changes in the Gingival Tissue
Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine
Introduction Drug-induced gingivitis is caused by the administration of certain drugs such as hydantoin, calcium blockers, beta-blockers, cyclosporine, and oral contraceptives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modifications linked to drug-induced gingivitis such as changes in color, volume, and consistency, and the clinical signs of periodontal disease. Materials and methods The study was based on a questionnaire made up of 14 questions, formulated using colloquial language to increase addressability. Results The most frequently used drugs were beta-blockers (37%), calcium channel blockers (33%), followed by anticonvulsants (18%), oral contraceptives (8%) and cyclosporine (4%). Color changes occurred in 81% of anticonvulsant treatments and 57% of oral contraceptives. Increases in the gingival volume were higher with anticonvulsants (73%) followed by cyclosporine (67%). Gingival consistency was higher with anticonvulsant treatments (90%), followed by calcium channel blockers...
Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia - experimental model
PubMed, 2017
Several causes of gingival hyperplasia are known, the most widely accepted being the drug-induced gingival augmentation, a side effect associated mainly with three classes of drugs: anticonvulsants (Phenytoin), immunosuppressants (Cyclosporine A), and various calcium channel blockers (Nifedipine, Verapamil, Diltiazem). We studied the effect of Cyclosporine A (CsA) and Nifedipine on gingival fibroblasts extracted from the rat gum. Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from 6-week-old male rats weighing 150-170 g, from gingival explants, and grown in a specific culture medium consisting of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) supplemented with antibiotic and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The medium was also supplemented with CsA (1 μg÷mL) and Nifedipine (3 mM). We also used a control group that received no treatment. The cells were photographed at 7, 14 and 30 days, with a Nikon Eclipse TE300 phase contrast microscope. For cell viability evidence, we used immunofluorescence (flow cytometry) with a FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) Calibur device and its software. We noticed that the proliferation of these cells increased with the period of drug administration, and the subsequent morphological changes that occurred were related to the presence of drug accumulations in the cell cytoplasm. Modern molecular techniques are needed to shed some light upon the pathogenesis of drug induced gingival overgrowth and, thereby, provide novel information for preventative and effective future therapeutic strategies.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2010
Aim: To assess the prevalence and variables associated with gingival overgrowth (GO) in renal transplant recipients medicated with cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (Tcr), or sirolimus (Sir). Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-five eligible subjects were divided in CsA, Tcr, and Sir groups comprising 45 subjects each. GO was visually assessed and subjects were assigned as GO1 or GO À in a post hoc definition. Saliva samples were collected and the presence of periodontal pathogens was assessed through polymerase chain reaction. Variables of interest were compared between GO1 and GO À subjects through univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Prevalence of GO was of 60.0% for CsA, 28.9% for Tcr, and 15.6% for Sir groups. Within the CsA group, GO was associated with papillary bleeding index (p 5 0.001); within the Tcr group, GO was associated with CsA previous use (p 5 0.013), and calcium channel blockers (CCB) use (p 5 0.003); within the Sir group, GO was associated with papillary bleeding index (p 5 0.018), and CCB use (p 5 0.020). A higher frequency of Tannerella forsythia was observed among GO1 subjects medicated with Tcr. Conclusion: Pharmacological and periodontal variables were associated with GO in different immunosuppressive regimens. Integration between the medical and the dental team may be an important approach in the post-transplant maintenance routine.
The pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth
Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 1996
Gingival overgrowth is a well-documented unwanted effect, associated with phenytoin, cyclosporin. and the calcium channel blockers. The palhogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth is uncertain, and there appears to be no unifying hypothesis that links together the 3 commonly implicated drugs. In this review, we consider a multifactorial model which expands on the interaction between drug and/or metabolite, with the gingiva! fibroblasts. Factors which impact upon this model include age. genetic predisposition, pharmacokinetic variables, plaque-induced inflammatory and immunological changes and activation of growth factors. Of these, genetic factors which give rise to fibroblast heterogeneity, gingival inflammation, and pharmacokinetic variables appear lo be significant in the expression of gingival overgrowth, A more thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of this unwanted effect will hopefully elucidate appropriate mechanisms for its control.
Head & face medicine, 2006
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is a frequent adverse effect associated principally with administration of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A and also certain antiepileptic and antihypertensive drugs. It is characterized by a marked increase in the thickness of the epithelial layer and accumulation of excessive amounts of connective tissue. The mechanism by which the drugs cause gingival overgrowth is not yet understood. The purpose of this study was to compare proliferative activity of normal human gingiva and in cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth. Gingival samples were collected from 12 generally healthy individuals and 22 Cyclosporin A-medicated renal transplant recipients. Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was evaluated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded gingival samples using an immunoperoxidase technique and a monoclonal antibody for this antigen. There were differences between the Cyclosporin A group and control group in regard to proliferating...
Treatment Modalities for Drug-Induced Gingival
2012
Purpose: This paper identifies 3 specific classifications of commonly prescribed medications that are known to cause gingival enlargement and describes surgical and non–surgical treatment therapies. Primary risks associated with drug– induced gingival enlargement, including increased dental decay and periodontal disease are also discussed. The precise bacterial etiology in gingival enlargement remains unclear, although sufficient evidence exists to support the role of good oral hygiene in decreasing the incidence and severity of gingival enlargement and improving overall gingival health. Etiology, treatment planning and coordination of care between physician, dentist or dental hygienist when indicated are important factors determining whether a surgical or non–surgical course of treatment should be considered.
Cyclosporine-A Induced Gingival Overgrowth
2006
Background. The link between the gingival overgrowth and cyclosporine pharmacokinetical variables, especially cyclosporine doses which appear to act as stimulator of the gingival proliferative changes, presents a field of interest of large number of researches. The existence of undefined association and/or interaction between the cyclosporine and periodontal variables, could be responsible for this type of gingival overgrowth. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the degree of gingival overgrowth, daily doses of cyclosporine A and parodontal parameters. Methods. 120 patients with renal transplants were included in this examination. The cohort was divided into a four groups according to the daily dose of cyclosporine (100, 125, 150, 175 mg). The degree of gingival overgrowth (GOI) was investigated, using a MacGaw index. The plaque index (PI), apical migration, total daily doses of cyclosporine and plasma concentration, was recorded for various groups and a pro...