Discourse Analysis: A Comparative Case Study of Two Literary Works of English and Persian Female Writers from Socio-Cognitive Perspective (original) (raw)

A pragma-discourse analysis of language manipulation for suppression: absence of male voice in female writings

A pragma-discourse analysis of language manipulation for suppression: absence of male voice in female writings, 2022

The study examines language manipulation to conceal the victimization, suppression, and oppression of males. The dissembled side of the language has been dissected by qualitative data. Two female authors' Bapsi Sidhwa and Anita Desai, texts were selected and analyzed to find the manipulation of language. Marginalized masculinity theory by Connell (1995) and Fairclough's (1989) critical discourse analysis model were applied, and thematic analysis as an approach was used. In the second phase, data was analyzed pragmatically using inference and implicature techniques to hit on the hidden side of the story. Findings reveal that language is manipulated to highlight female victimization while concealing male victimization. Female writers frequently use their oppression to blame the male gender. The social interpretation of the text reveals that both genders suffer equally and have equal rights, which should be discussed and highlighted. This study recommends that victimization, suppression, and oppression can also be studied from the male perspective. It will be helpful for future researchers to speak out about the most ignorant and repressed gender in society.

Gender Features of Discourse in Women's Literature as a Reflection of Changes in the Modern Society

Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2015

The article deals with the problem of new conception of the "female" fiction prose as an independent discourse with special outlook and gender meaningful concepts. The article reveals the meaning of the notion "discourse of the modern female prose" described as complicated sociocultural phenomenon or the reflection of gender-motivated female consciousness revealed in the process of fiction text creation by women-authors. All mentioned features are very important and actual nowadays because the female prose is rapidly developing and represents the certain part of the national worldwide. The fiction texts by the woman-authors are considered to be the female discourse characterized with special outlook and gender-associated language peculiarities and it represents the female language person. The female prose texts undoubtedly reflect new aspects of woman's role and place in the world and also firm stereotypes of man-woman relationships and they created the model for woman the lack of which is felt in modern society.

The Critical Discourse Analysis of The Representation of Women And Men in Bozorg Alavi’s Short Stories

Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 2014

This study takes a critical discourse analysis approach to the investigation of the representation of men and women in Bozorg Alavi's short stories. The principal aim of this study is to find how different statuses of men and women are reflected in their languages. To this end, four short stories were selected and their discursive sentences were examined based on Hodge and Kress's syntagmatic models, which comprise actionals vs. relationals features. The results of this study show that men have higher status than women do in these stories.

Graduate Student of English Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2019

The present study attempts to demonstrate how different texts with various author attitudes depict the oppressed subjects of Stalin's time. For this purpose, Roland Barthes' notion of 'Modes of Writing' and Michel Foucault's concept of 'author' are employed in reading Alexander Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1963) and Julian Barnes' The Noise of Time (2016). The two novels mainly address the politically subjected characters in the Stalinist regime with different standpoints of author figure. Originating the authors' modes of writing in the mentioned texts, on one hand, and the analysis of author-function, on the other, shall satisfy the comparative tendencies in this research and show how these theoretical frameworks can help a critical understanding of the texts. The subjects described in these novels, although similar in their situations and characteristics and subjected to the same institution of power, are narrated from different author roles and provide a somewhat similar subjectivity. The author figure as a subject of ideology and the text as a created object of an author can be thoroughly analyzed within the proposed theoretical framework; therefore, the main objective of this paper is to explore the depicted subjectivities of similar subjects from different standpoints of distinguishable author figures.

GENDER REPRESENTATION IN IRANIAN HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS WITH A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS PERSPECTIVE

This study was an attempt to investigate gender representation in some English Language teaching textbooks of Iran, namely, English Book 1, English Book 2, and English Book 3. To this end, Fairclough’s (2001) three-dimensional model was adopted in order to examine the manifestation of gender in the three textbooks to extract the ideology behind their constructions. Based on the first part of Fairclough’s (2001) three-dimensional model—description—eight factors were designed, i.e. I) female and male characters, II) female and male’s social and domestic roles, III) female and male’s semantic roles, IV) female and male’s titles, V) female and male’s order of appearance, VI) masculine generic constructions, VII) female and male’s pictorial representations, and finally VIII) activities. These factors were described, interpreted and explained. Results revealed that these textbooks presented a “sexist attitude” regarding gender in favor of men, in which the men presented more than females. It is suggested that Persian culture as ideology mirrors the way gender represented in these textbooks. In other words, the gender inequality observed in the series rooted in Iranian culture.

The Reflection of Language, Power, and Gender on Society and Academics through Critical Discourse Analysis

Journal of the Gujarat Research Society, 2019

One who can connect the dots between language, power, gender, society, and academics can understand the social structure in a better way. All four things go hand in hand; hence it is pertinent to talk about how these four aspects are delicately interwoven and are closely knit. Depiction of one aspect without touching the other is like portraying only one side for the readers. This paper paints the interface between these four aspects in a very lucid manner. Language, power, and gender are major concepts in society and academics. These concepts are presented differently in different countries. This paper revolves around the link between these concepts and to find out what kind of relationship exists between these elements. In the context of society, the study has proved that language is used as a tool to construct gender in that and further we use language to deliver what the society expects from both the sexes and ultimately power is displayed and attained through language. Moving towards the academic perspective Fairclough's three-dimensional model was used to analyze these aspects in textbooks in the Indian context. From the study, it was evident that two types of sexism exist overt and covert.

International Conference on Language, Literary and Cultural Studies (ICON LATERALS) 2016

News has a role for shaping the social concept. News is also leading role for current trend, espcially women who is always upgreading their physical and mind through news. Therefore, This article reports on a critical discourse analysis (CDA) that construct women as a special gender and having certain social characteristic in muslim tabloid. This research aims to describe what is the linguistic device that is used by media and how a CDA framework was used to investigate the linguistic construction of gender ideology. In order to pursue this goal, an appropriate analytic framework was derived by combining methodologies from Fairclough (2003). Futhermore, Fairclough uses halliday Systemic Functional Linguitics (SFL) (1985). The data were collected from the article of muslim tabloid. Then, the data were analyzed by using Fairclough (2003) and halliday Systemic Functional Linguitics (SFL) (1994) theory. The result showed that the linguistic choices paly role for shaping the ideal women representation. Consequently, the tabloid has ideological stance that women has social standart.

A Feminist Discourse Analysis of Writer's Gender Biases about Violence Against Women

Journal of the College of languages, 2021

The present study is concerned with the writer's ideologies towards violence against women. The study focuses on analyzing violence against women in English novel to see the extent the writers are being affected and influenced by their genders. It also focuses on showing to what extent the writer's ideologies are reflected in their works. Gender influences social groups ideologies; therefore, when a writer discusses an issue that concerns the other gender, they will be either subjective or objective depending on the degree of influence, i.e., gender has influenced their thoughts as well as behaviors. A single fact may be presented differently by different writers depending on the range of affectedness by ideologies. The study aims to uncover the hidden gender-based ideologies by analyzing the discursive structure of a novel based on Van Dijk's model (2000) of ideology and racism. The selected novel is based on discussing violence against women. The study will later on re...

Assistant Professor of English Literature, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch, Iran

2020

The present study attempts to read Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and Zoya Pirzad’s I Turn off the Lights, which is translated into English under the title of Things We Left Unsaid, in terms of the Bakhtinian theory of voice. This paper carries out a comparative study of these novels in order to specify the differences between the voices existing in the novels written by two women writers from two different cultures. For that purpose Bakhtin’s conceptualizations and theories on Heteroglossia and Polyphony are focused upon. Although these two novels have been analyzed by variety of frameworks related to different critics, the study on the characters identity in the light of Bakhtinian theoretical concepts seems new and the comparativeness side of the research adds to the importance of the present work. By comparing these two works, some cultural differences and similarities regarding both women writers are being revealed. It seems that the authorial intentions towards the role of the...

WOMEN PROJECTION AND GENDER INEQUALITY: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF LEADING CHARACTERS IN

Women Projection and Gender Inequality: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Leading Characters in Pakistani Dramas, 2022

The present study examines the language of leading characters from selected Pakistani dramas to investigate the projection of women and the linguistic features employed that lead to gender inequality. Fairclough's three-dimensional model of" Critical Discourse Analysis"(1989) provides the theoretical underpinning to the present study. The study uses a qualitative research design, where the researchers have collected a sample of 15 episodes from 3 selected Pakistani dramas by systematic sampling design proposed by Sekaran & Bougie (2016). The sample chosen is" relevance sampling" based on the recognised contribution to the central research questions (Krippendorff, 2018). The selected dialogues of main female and male characters and the employed linguistic features are classified into eight categories after consultation with previous literature and based on the themes in these episodes. Selected data is analysed by applying a three-dimensional CDA model. Results based on analysis are congruent with previous findings and conclude that Pakistani dramas project women's pejorative image and represent features that lead to gender inequality.