Awareness of testicular cancer among young men: A literature review (original) (raw)
Related papers
Cureus
Background and objective Testicular cancer is the commonest of all types of cancer males are affected with. Testicular cancer, when diagnosed early, has one of the best prognoses. However, in Pakistan, early detection is hindered by religious and sociocultural norms, lack of education, and awareness deficit. Testicular self-examination (TSE) can significantly facilitate early detection of the condition and decrease associated mortality rate. This study aimed to acquire the frame of mind regarding testicular cancer (TC) and testicular self-examination (TSE) among the male outdoor patients of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Materials and methods After ethical considerations, elaborated literature review and consequent pilot study were done to develop a bilingual questionnaire. Following patient consent, answers to a set of questions were noted down by the authors. A 90-second bilingual, motivational video was displayed and an educational pamphlet on the same topic was also handed over. Afterward, another survey was conducted to grasp the comprehension, satisfaction, and willingness to spread the message. Results About 92% of the subjects had not heard of or performed TSE and 58.3% mentioned lack of education as the reason for not knowing the method. Eighty-two percent patients had never heard of TC. Post-education, 100% patients claimed that their knowledge of the subject improved and 97% were ready to teach other male relatives. Conclusion The results indicate that the population's lack of awareness regarding testicular self-examination and testicular cancer is alarming. Most subjects did not know the age group, risk factors, presentation, and early prevention of testicular cancer.
Promoting Testicular Cancer Awareness and Screening
Cancer Nursing, 2016
Self-examination Systematic review Testicular cancer Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is a relatively curable malignancy that predominantly affects young males. Key decision makers discourage TC screening because of lack of evidence about the benefits of this practice, whereas others argue that men must be aware of normal versus abnormal testicular findings. Despite the debate on TC surveillance, a number of research efforts are still being made to increase men's awareness of TC and its screening. Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review studies that were conducted to enhance men's knowledge and awareness regarding TC and its screening and increase their TC screening intentions and practices. Methods: Studies published in English between 2004 and 2014 were reviewed using 3 e-databases, and interventions that were in line with the review aims were selected. Results: A total of 3076 records were screened for eligibility, and 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the reviewed interventions successfully enhanced men's awareness of TC and its screening and increased their intentions to perform testicular self-examination. Examples include videos about TC, shower gel sachets, stickers, and posters, a television show, a university campaign, and high self-efficacy messages about TC screening. Men at risk of health disparities were underrepresented in the reviewed literature. Conclusions: A number of interesting channels through which men can learn about TC were identified. Examples include social media and mass media. Implications for Practice: Given the controversy that surrounds TC screening, nurses can play a key role in increasing men's awareness of TC rather than advising periodical TC self-examination.
Testicular Cancer Awareness and Screening Practices: A Systematic Review
Purpose/Objectives: To critically appraise empirical evidence gathered from studies that (a) explored men’s knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward testicular cancer (TC) and its screening; (b) addressed their testicular self-examination (TSE) practice; and/or (c) highlighted barriers and facilitators to this practice. Data Sources: MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, and EMBASE®. Data Synthesis: 25 articles met the inclusion criteria. Knowledge deficits regarding TC and its screening were seen. Participants who did not perform TSE often were uninformed about this practice. The majority of men perceived TC education as a positive step toward raising awareness about this malignancy. Conclusions: Very few men were informed about TC and TSE. Future studies should include valid and reliable tools to assess TC knowledge and screening, address the means through which TC knowledge is delivered, explore the individual’s experience with TC screening, and focus on TC awareness and screening among minority groups. Implications for Nursing: Although regular screening for TC is a controversial issue, nurses should encourage young men to seek medical attention in the event of discovering scrotal abnormalities.
Promoting Testicular Cancer Awareness and Screening A Systematic Review of Interventions
Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is a relatively curable malignancy that predominantly affects young males. Key decision makers discourage TC screening because of lack of evidence about the benefits of this practice, whereas others argue that men must be aware of normal versus abnormal testicular findings. Despite the debate on TC surveillance, a number of research efforts are still being made to increase men’s awareness of TC and its screening. Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review studies that were conducted to enhance men’s knowledge and awareness regarding TC and its screening and increase their TC screening intentions and practices. Methods: Studies published in English between 2004 and 2014 were reviewed using 3 e-databases, and interventions that were in line with the review aims were selected. Results: A total of 3076 records were screened for eligibility, and 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the reviewed interventions successfully enhanced men’s awareness of TC and its screening and increased their intentions to perform testicular self-examination. Examples include videos about TC, shower gel sachets, stickers, and posters, a television show, a university campaign, and high self-efficacy messages about TC screening. Men at risk of health disparities were underrepresented in the reviewed literature. Conclusions: A number of interesting channels through which men can learn about TC were identified. Examples include social media and mass media. Implications for Practice: Given the controversy that surrounds TC screening, nurses can play a key role in increasing men’s awareness of TC rather than advising periodical TC self-examination.
Testicular cancer risk incidence in perception of young men
Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology
Introduction. Testicular cancer is the most frequently occurring malignant tumour in young men. Self-examination of testicles allows for early detection of the disease. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the level of knowledge concerning testicular cancer among young men. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 296 students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Results. The majority of students were never previously interested in the issue of testicular cancer. The students were not able to say at what age this type of cancer usually occurs nor did they know the risk factors or symptoms of the disease. Students of Medicine had much more knowledge about testicular cancer than the students from other fields. 91% of the examined men declared that doctors never informed them about the risk of developing testicular cancer and the importance of self-examination of the testicles. 72% of students of faculties other than medical, never searched for any information concerning testicular cancer on their own. Only 29% of students of all faculties perform self-examination of their testicles. Conclusions. Young man do not have sufficient knowledge concerning testicular cancer and rarely self-examine their testicles. Therefore, it is justified to disseminate more broadly knowledge concerning testicular cancer and to encourage young men to undergo self-examination.
PubMed, 2016
The testicular cancer (TCa) incidence is increasing in many countries, with age-standardized incidence rates up to 7.8/100,000 men in the Western world, although reductions in mortality and increasingly high cure rates are being witnessed at the same time. In Africa, where rates are lower, presentation is often late and morbidity and mortality high. Given this scenario, awareness of testicular cancer and practice of testicular self-examination among future first response doctors is very important. This study was conducted to determine knowledge and attitude to testicular cancer, and practice of testicular self-examination (TSE) among final (6th) year medical students. In addition, the effect of an intervention in the form of a single PowerPoint® lecture, lasting 40 minutes with image content on testicular cancer and testicular self examination was assessed. Pre and post intervention administration of a self-administered structured pre tested questionnaire was performed on 151 medical students, 101 of whom returned answers (response rate of 66.8%). In the TC domain, there was a high level of awareness of testicular cancer, but poor knowledge of the age group most affected, with significant improvement post intervention (p<0.001). Notable also was the poor awareness of the potential curability of TC, this also being improved following the intervention (p<0.001). A poor level of awareness and practice of testicular self-examination pre-intervention was found considering the nature of the study group..Respondents had surprisingly weak/poor responses to the question “How important to men’s health is regular testicular self-examination?” Answers to the questions “Do you think it is worthwhile to examine your testis regularly?” and “Would you be interested in more information on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination?” were also suboptimal, but improved post intervention p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.037. Age, gender and marital status were without specific influence. In conclusion, this study showed poor levels of knowledge regarding epidemiology of TCa and its potential curability when detected early. There was also a poor awareness of, practice of, and poor attitudes to TSE. The significant improvement in these parameters post intervention indicates value in educational intervention. We recommend inclusion of TCa coverage and TSE teaching in the secondary school curriculum (targeting adolescents). Greater emphasis should also be given to testicular cancer in the curricula of medical schools and other training institutions for health care personnel.
Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-examination
Cancer Nursing, 2005
Knowledge and Attitudes of Adolescent Swedish Men The main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of and attitudes toward testicular cancer (TC) and the prevalence of testicular self-examination (TSE) among senior high school male students in Sweden. Another aim was to describe to what extent the students had received information about TC and TSE prior to this study. Seven hundred twenty-seven (70.7%) male students (M ϭ 17 years) completed a 60-item questionnaire, encompassing background characteristics, information, knowledge of and attitudes toward TC, and prevalence of TSE practice. The results showed that most students had never heard of TC or TSE, had limited knowledge of common symptoms, and had hardly ever practiced TSE. The most frequently reported information source on this topic was the mass media. Most of the students considered TC to be a serious disease and were afraid of getting it. Thus, there is a need for imparting health education with respect to this subject, information that could preferably be included when promoting health in school settings and during enlistment to the military services. This investigation is the first part of an intervention study aiming to describe the effect of different educational materials on male students' knowledge of TC and their practice of TSE.
Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 2020
Objective: Although seen rarely, testicular cancer remains to be a public health problem as it is the most common cancer type in males aged between 15 and 35 years. The aim of this study is to evaluate knowledge, beliefs and practices of male university students regarding testicular cancer and testicular self-examination. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 681 first-year university students between November and December 2016. The data were collected using a Descriptive Form, Testicular Cancer Questionnaire and the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (HBMS). Results: It was found that 91% of the students had no previous knowledge on testicular cancer, 88.3% had never heard of Testicular Self-Examination (TSE). Most of the students stated that they obtained information on testicular cancer and TSE from the internet. Students were found to have moderate level of perceived benefit, susceptibility, barrier, motivation/seriousness and self-efficacy with respect to testicu...
Background: Since early detection is the key for a better prognosis in different types of malignancies, this paper was conducted to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of testicular cancer and testicular self-examination among the population in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2016 at King Abdullah Sports City and Red Sea Mall Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, where 1600 male subjects aging 15 and above were interviewed, and the data were collected using a questionnaire. Results: It was determined in this study that knowledge level about TC is extremely insufficient where 61.36% reported lack of knowledge about TC. It also showed how lack of awareness of TSE and poor health education can reflect on the knowledge and practice of TSE where only 16.88% were educated. Conclusion: it is highly recommended to encourage and promote health education programs among the public regarding how common TC is in young males, as well as focus on the importance of practicing TSE regularly. It is also recommended that health care professionals should educate and periodically evaluate the role of such practices when it comes to early detection and better management of TC.
BioMed Research International
Background. Testicular cancer is a malignant tumor of the testicles, the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone. It is one of the most common cancers in young men. This form of cancer can be easily diagnosed by self-examination of testicles and is curable if detected early. Periodic self-examination must be performed for early detection. Due to lack of knowledge on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination techniques, patients can potentially miss early detection. This study is aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding testicular cancer and testicular self-examination among male college students pursuing a Bachelor’s degree. Methods. A web-based cross-sectional analytical study was adopted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of testicular cancer and testicular self-examination among male college students pursuing a Bachelor’s degree and living in Bharatpur Metropolitan City in the Chitwan District of Nepal. The snowb...