Alveolar and dental arch morphology in Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion: a comparative study (original) (raw)

Comparison between Class II Division 1 and 2 Malocclusions and Normal Occlusion regarding Tooth Size Discrepancy and Arch Dimensions using Digital Models

Egyptian Dental Journal, 2019

The orthodontists grant a considerable importance to dental arch dimensions to attain more stability of the dentition and better esthetics. The aim of this study was to measure tooth size disharmony and dental arch dimensions in both divisions of class II malocclusion and compare them to Normal occlusion as a control group using three dimensional digital models obtained from 3Shape E1 laser scanner (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). This work was performed on 120 dental casts randomly selected from the records of patients (age range 16-22 years) attending the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. Various parameters were measured including anterior and overall Bolton ratios, maxillary and mandibular intercanine, interfirst premolar and intermolar widths, maxillary and mandibular arch depth, palatal depth, depth of curve of Spee, overjet and overbite. Mean and standard deviation were calculated. Oneway ANOVA was used to detect possible differences between groups. The findings indicate that Class II division 1 malocclusion showed significantly greater maxillary arch depth, palatal depth, mandibular intercanine, interpremolar and intermolar widths and larger overjet amount in comparison with Class II division 2, while revealed significantly higher values of maxillary arch depth, mandibular intermolar width, curve of Spee, overjet and overbite than Normal Class I. On the other hand Class II division 2 malocclusion had significantly greater overall Bolton ratio, maxillary intermolar width, curve of spee depth and overbite than Class II division 1, while it showed deeper curve of Spee and larger amount of overjet and overbite compared to Normal Class I. The results of the current study can help the clinicians in treatment planning and provide guidance for proper selection of arch wires to obtain post-treatment stability.

Intermolar and Intercanine width Changes among Class I and Class II Malocclusions Following Orthodontic Treatment

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

Introduction: Arch width discrepancy is important to predict treatment outcome as it affects the space availability and stability of dentition. Negligence to maintain arch form has been recognized as a prime cause of relapse. Aim and objective: To assess the differences in intermolar and intercanine distances among class I, class II division 1, and class II division 2 malocclusion following orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods: The study was performed on models of pre-and posttreatment from records of 100 patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, MMCDSR using a digital Vernier caliper to measure intermolar and intercuspid distance. The sample comprised of both male and female patients of age group 14-25 years divided into three different groups, group I-class I malocclusion, group II-class II division 1 malocclusion, and group III-class II division 2 malocclusion. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Group II showed higher pretreatment intercanine width than group I whereas group III had lower pretreatment intercanine width than both group I and group II. Group I showed higher pretreatment intermolar width than group II. Pretreatment intercanine width was higher in group II compared with group I whereas it was lower for group III when compared with group I for the mandible.

Relationship between vertical facial morphology and dental arch measurements in class II malocclusion: a retrospective study

PeerJ

Background To evaluate the relationship between dental arch measurements and the vertical facial pattern determined in skeletal Class II untreated patients. Methods Lateral cephalograms and plaster models were obtained from 124 untreated female adults (average age: 17.6 ± 3.8 years). Class I (CI), Class II Division 1 (CII/1) and Class II Division 2 (CII/2) malocclusions were divided into three subgroups according to their vertical morphology as hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent. The multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) method was used in the comparison of measurement values according to vertical and sagittal morphology. The relationship between both A point-Nasion-B point (ANB) and Frankfurt-mandibular plane (FMA) angles and dental arch measurements was examined by Pearson correlation analysis. The significance level was received as p < 0.05. Results While vertical morphology has a statistically significant effect on mandibular arch length, sagittal morphology a...

Comparison between dental and basal arch forms in normal occlusion and Class III malocclusions utilizing cone-beam computed tomography

2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mandibular dental and basal arch forms in subjects with normal occlusion and compare them with those of Class III malocclusion using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 32 normal occlusion (19 males, 13 females; 24.3 years) and 33 Class III malocclusion subjects (20 males, 13 females, 22.2 years) were selected. Facial axis and root center points were identified from the left to right mandibular first molars. Distances between the facial axis and root center points for each tooth were calculated, and 4 linear and 2 ratio variables were measured and calculated for each arch form. The variables were compared between groups by independent t-test. Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to assess the relationships between dental and basal variables within each group. Results: The mandibular dental and basal intercanine widths were significantly greater in the Class III group than in normal occlusion subjects (p < 0.05). The dental and basal intercanine widths as well as the dental and basal intermolar widths were strongly correlated in normal occlusion and moderately correlated in Class III malocclusion. Conclusions: The dental arch form demon strated a strong positive correlation with the basal arch form in the normal occlusion group and moderate correlation in the Class III malocclusion group. These results might be helpful for clinicians to have a better understanding of the importance of basal arch form in the alveolar bone.

Evaluation of Treatment Changes in the Maxillary Intercanine and Intermolar Width in Patients with Various Malocclusions: A Study Model Analysis

Dental Journal of Advance Studies

Introduction Since extraction and nonextraction is a debatable topic to date, its effects on the changes in the dimension of arch width are unclear. Many investigators suggested that extraction would lead to arch collapse, whereas few others suggested that such changes in dimension would not occur. Aim and Objectives To evaluate the changes in the intercanine and intermolar width in premolar extraction cases in class I and class II div 1 malocclusion cases. Materials and Methods The study included pretreatment and posttreatment study models of 25 patients (14 with class I malocclusion, 11 with class II division 1 malocclusion). Intercanine and intermolar widths were measured and evaluated for both the malocclusions. The difference posttreatment intercanine width and intermolar width between class I and class II division 1 malocclusion were also assessed. The values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the inte...

retrospective study on the relationship between alveolar-bone morphology at the mandibular incisors and their inclination in adults with low-angle, skeletal class III malocclusion

International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS), 2023

Background and Aim: The orthodontic tooth movements should be such that the tooth moves safely within the alveolar bone. The alveolar bone around the mandibular central incisors of patients with skeletal class I and II malocclusion is thicker in comparison to those with skeletal class III malocclusion. The present study aimed to investigate an association between low angle inclination skeletal class-III malocclusion and the alveolar bone morphology around it. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 75 306 malocclusion patients in the Orthodontics Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Islamabad, Pakistan from January 2020 to December 2022. The malocclusions were confirmed in the patients via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. The low angle, skeletal class III malocclusions were categorized into three different groups: Group-I (lingual-inclination), Group-II (upright), and Group-III (labialinclination). Outcomes such as height of alveolar bone and area of cortical as well as cancellous thickness were determined independently on each side. Results: The labial cancellous bone thickness, thickness of labial cortical bone, alveolar bone total thickness, labial alveolar bone total area, and labial alveolar bone height were highest in group-III (labial-inclination). There was a positive correlation between mandibular central incisors and other aforementioned variables. Regarding the teeth's 'lingual side', there were no significant differences between all three groups. Conclusion: The present study found that the skeletal class III malocclusion of low-angle labial inclination category was significantly associated with alveolar bone morphology on the mandibular central incisor's labial aspect.

Evaluation of arch width among Class I malocclusion, Class II Division 1, Class II Division 2, and Class III malocclusion in central Indian population

2018

Aim & Objectives: to compare the intercanine, intermolar and alveolar width among Class I, Class II div 1, Class II div 2 and Class III malocclusion for arch widths, the width of the maxillary and mandibular arches, gender dimorphism within groups, and gender comparisons in central India population. Methods: a cross-sectional study was comprised of patients pre-treatment study casts of 60 Class I, 40 class II div 1, 30 class II div 2 and 30 class III malocclusions. An electronic digital Vernier caliper with fine tips measuring within 0.01 mm (Aerospace) is used in this study to measure the parameters on the maxillary and mandibular study models. All subjects resided in central India with no history of orthodontic treatment. An analysis of variance test was used to compare the different malocclusion groups and genders. Result: Among the all comparison groups class I malocclusion group showed maximum maxillary inter canine, inter molar and alveolar width while class III group showed m...