Based on Speaking Proficiency Levels, How Do Students Perform Communication Strategies (original) (raw)
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Practicing conversations or dialogues in various context or situation is as the essential aspect for students because it smoothen their skill in communication and their English mastery. Whenever people use language to interact, one of the things people are doing with it is establishing a relationship between them; between the speaker speaking now and the person who will probably speak next. It means, strategies in communicating put an important role to reach the goal of the interaction or the communication. This study is to identify the communication strategies of Indonesian university students, especially students of the English Department Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University and native speaker used in communication in natural conversation and to find out the possible factors cause the choice of the strategies in the conversation. The method applied in this study is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study are fourth semester students of English Department of Muria Kudus University and one native speaker. The data were obtained by inviting and asking the students and the native speaker to have a conversation for around one hour. Then, the conversation was recorded by using camera. The recorded data were transferred into the printed one as a script. The data analysis was conducted in several ways, among other transcribing the recorded data, identifying each utterance and displaying the result in the table, classifying the utterances based on the type of strategies, and interpreting the communication or the conversation. The results showed that there were 306 turns in the conversation between the students and the native speaker. The types of strategies used in the conversations were Circumlocution (C) for 38.98 % (23), followed by Language Switch (LS) for 15.3 % (9) and Topic Avoidance (TA) for 14.6 % (8), Literal Translation (LT) for 6.8 % (4), Mime (M) for 8.5 % (5), Word Coinage (WC) and Message Abandonment (MA) for 6.8 % (4), Appeal for Assistance (AA) for 5.6 % (3), and Approximation (A) for 3.39 % (2). The last finding showed that there were two main factors that cause the choice of the strategies in the conversations. They were proficiency of the speaker and features of the communicative situation. In the use of communication strategies, both students of English Department Muria Kudus University and the native speaker try to have a relative balance of power relation without the domination of one person to others. Some factors which cause the use of the strategies are lack of meaning, social use aspect, speech, voice, and fluency. To improve students' strategies in communication, they should practice their English more, so their speaking and their strategies will be improved. Besides, lecturers also should apply the contextual teaching in which the environment and culture are inserted into the topic.
An Analysis of Communication Strategies in Speaking
Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris undiksha, 2021
The scientific approach in the learning process. There are still some problems in applying the five main procedures of the Scientific Approach in learning activities. Activities must be by the stages of the Scientific Approach. This study aimed to analyze the type of communication between junior high school students during speaking class in junior high school who applied the 2013 curriculum. This study was qualitative using a qualitative design. Data collection is done through direct observation. In data collection, the study used a cellular recorder. In addition, observation sheets were also used to obtain data. Data were taken descriptively. The results of this study indicate that the teacher applies a 15-dimensional Communication Strategy, namely Literal Translation, Code Switching, Pantomime, Message Reduction, Message Substitution, Repetition, Use of Fillers, Verb Strategy Maker, Self Accuracy, Response, Asking Clarification, Asking for Confirmation, Asking for Help, Repetition...
Communication Strategy Use of High and Low Proficiency Learners of English at a Thai University
The Oral Communication Strategy Inventory (OCSI) is a 62 item self-reporting questionnaire that has been used to assess communication strategy (CS) use across a number of different countries. The present study uses an adapted Thai translation of the OCSI to gather quantitative data regarding CS use from 104 first year undergraduate students at Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Additional data was gathered regarding the oral fluency and general English proficiency of the participants in order to identify which CSs are commonly used by Thai students and examine the relationship between strategy use and proficiency levels. The results of the study showed that message reduction and alteration and negotiation for meaning whilst listening were, respectively, the most frequently reported speaking and listening strategies. Additionally, significant differences occurred the OCSI responses of high and low proficiency groups, with high proficiency learners reporting significantly higher use of social-affective, fluency-oriented, negotiation for meaning whilst speaking and circumlocution and low proficiency learners reporting significantly higher use of message abandonment and less active listener strategies. The differences in the reported strategy use of the two groups suggests that further research into the effects of strategy training for low proficiency learners would be beneficial.
Communication Strategy Use and Proficiency Level of ESL Learners
The study examined self-reports of communication strategy use by English as a Second Language (ESL) speakers with different levels of proficiency in English. The participants comprised three groups of ESL speakers with different levels of English proficiency studying in institutions of higher learning in Malaysia (N=130). The questionnaire comprised items on communication strategies for coping with speaking problems, adapted from Nakatani’s (2006) Oral Communication Strategy Inventory (OCSI). The participants indicated the frequency with which they used the communication strategies on a five-point Likert scale. The results showed that the frequency of communication strategy use increased with the participants’ English proficiency but the less proficient speakers were inclined towards message reduction and appeals for help compared to other strategies. The two groups of university students who were more proficient in English than the diploma students reported using more L1-based strategies, paraphrasing (self-repair L2-based) strategies, non-verbal strategies, meaning negotiation strategies, and information transfer strategies. Other than L1-based strategies and paraphrase, the use of the other strategies like non-verbal strategies and information transfer strategies do not require additional linguistic resources but it was the more proficient ESL speakers who could capitalise on the use of these strategies to enhance their communication.
The Students’ Communication Strategies: What and How?
Jurnal Ilmiah Dinamika Bahasa Dan Budaya, 2009
English is a foreign language for the Indonesian learners. Although they have learned English for years, it is still foreign for them. They still find problems maintaining their conversation. In this article, the writer wants to report the English the students use in oral communication and how they use the communication strategies.The data were obtained by means of recording 3 conversations produced by 7 students of UNISBANK Semarang during the Speaking IV lesson. The unit of analysis in the current study is turn. Every turn is observed to find out the communication strategies employed. Then, the reasons for employing the communication strategies are explained by using Tarone's theory. The result of the study shows that the communication strategies employed by the English Department students of UNISBANK in speaking English are: translation strategy: language switch strategy, word coinage strategy, appeal for assistance strategy, circumlocution strategy. The literal translation strategy dominates the strategies used by the English learners. Based on the findings, some suggestions are put forward as follows: the English learners should enrich their knowledge about the English rule and English vocabulary, Speaking teachers should introduce the communication strategies to the students.
2016
This research in general, aims to describe the communication strategies used by the second semester students in Speaking class of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Specifically, it is to describe: (1) the types of communication strategies, (2) the frequency of communication strategy used by the second semester students in speaking class of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, (3) the dominant type of communication strategies used by the second semester students of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The data of research contain communication strategies used by second semester students in speaking class of English Education Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta in 2015/2016 academic year. There are three sources of data in this research, namely: event, informant, and document. The writer takes 2 classes of Speaking, with the total 30 students as the subject of the research. The writer uses descriptive qualitative method in analyzing the data. The data are categori...
2011
Faculty: Educational Studies. Second and foreign language learners often find themselves in circumstances where they have to express themselves in a target language. However, they usually lack the linguistics means to do so. These inadequacies or gaps may be in the form of a word, a phrase or a sentence. In such situations, some learners more often refrain from continuing their conversations while others normally rephrase their sentences in order for the interlocutor to understand them. These efforts are called oral communication strategies. The main aim of this study is to explore the effects of communicative task types on the students' choice of communication strategies following strategy teaching in a Tourism Management classroom at a Malaysian polytechnic. It is envisaged that learners' speaking ability would improve through this method.
Exploring the Use of Communication Strategies in Oral Communication
European Journal of Foreign Language Teaching
There are many types of oral communicant, and they serve different functions. In the classroom settings, one-to-one communication between students and instructors or even between students and their peers are important interactions. For effective communication to take place, the speakers need to use communication strategies. What are some aspects that hinder or encourage effective communication? This study is done to explore the communication strategies used by learners in the classroom context. In the context of this study, two views of communication strategies are investigated, and they are (a) Interactional view, which is used to avoid disruptions in communication, and (b) Psycholinguistic view which is used to solve the communicator’s problem to fill in the gaps in communication. The instrument used in this study is a survey with two main sections: interactional view and psycholinguistic view. The interactional view is measured by 12 items while the psycholinguistic view is measu...
Adjusting communication strategies to language proficiency
The study that is the focus of this article examined how the use of communication strategies was influenced by the target language proficiency of speakers of English as an Additional Language and their interlocutors. The oral interaction data from 20 participants in Malaysia were analysed to identify the choice of communication strategies and the type of communication strategy category, using an integrated framework comprising psycholinguistic (Faerch and Kasper 1980), interactional (Tarone 1980) and discourse ( ...
Communication Strategies Used by the Students on the Perspective of Language Proficiency
International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding
In today’s global environment, communication plays a crucial role since everyone cannot be separated with communication activity. Language is believed as a tool of communication. It provides the means to take the place in the society, to express and convey information, to learn about the people and the world around us. This qualitative case study is set to investigate the use of communication strategies on the perspective of language proficiency because the most significant predictor of specific communication strategy use is language proficiency. There are twelve students with high and low proficiency level as the subject of this study which is taken purposively. They are the second year students of English Education Department at one of the universities in Indonesia. In this study, the researcher used multiple data sources, namely observation, interview, and documentation. It is intended to address the research questions. The results showed that the students with high proficiency l...