Multidimensional Poverty in India – a State Wise Analysis (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Multidimensional Poverty in the North Eastern States of India
EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)
The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) applies the direct method of measuring poverty using the Alkire and Foster (AF) approach. The study aims at analyzing the comparative study and trends of the multi-dimensional poverty among the north eastern states of India. The MPI value was continuing to be higher in Assam and Meghalaya over the decade (2005-06 to 2015-16). Vulnerability to poverty was estimated to be lower in Mizoram over the decade as compared to all India level. On the other hand, severity of poverty was higher in two states, Assam and Meghalaya as compared to the all India estimate (8.8%) between 2005-06 and 2015-16. In can be concluded Assam, a gateway to north east India, remains as multidimensionality poor as compared to all states of NE India. Vulnerability and severity of poverty are higher in Assam over the decades among the NE States. Thus, it is recommended for pro-poor strategy for Assam in health, education and standard of living to come out of multidimensiona...
Multidimensional Poverty Index: Relevance and application in Indian Context
Institute of Public Enterprise, Hyderabad , 2011
India, as a country is a fast developing country where the facilities are being created as world class. It is believed that the developments in India are at higher rates compared to world economies. There are reasons to celebrate when India opened the “world class” airport at Delhi and when Indian athletes emerged second in the commonwealth games. But there are also starker realities of another India when a United Nations backed study by Oxford University revealed that the poverty in Indian states was worse than in some of the poorest countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative has developed a new international measure of poverty – the Multidimensional Poverty Index or MPI. It is claimed that the new innovative index goes beyond a traditional focus on income to reflect the multiple deprivations that a poor person faces with respect to education, health, and living standard. This paper analyses on the important aspects of MPI in relation with Human Development Index and its relevance and application in Indian context with reference to south Indian states. Multidimensional Poverty Index or MPI is an index of acute multidimensional poverty. It reflects deprivations in human development and takes into consider the range of social factors not so far considered when measuring poverty. Addressing poverty deprivation is the foremost challenge in achieving Millennium Development Goals. The 2001 UN Roadmap towards the Implementation of the MDGs stresses this aspect and points out that all the issues around poverty are interconnected and demands cross cutting solutions. MDGs are the platform for human development priorities and most goals are measured in the space of human capabilities and a holistic understanding is required in assessing the achievement of MDGs. The Human Development Research Paper of UN points that MDGs provide an explicit platform for concerted social and political action towards common goals. This paper also will focus on this aspect towards achieving MDGs in southern India.
2019
Background: The measurement of deprivations in the population provides valuable information for the analysis of inequality and poverty, based on which economic and public health policies and interventions are planned or implemented. This study intends to assess demographic, socioeconomic, water-sanitation & hygienic behavior of families in eastern India and measure poverty through Multi-Dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) with the relative contribution of the indicators. Methods: A population-based door to door health survey on a population residing in 3600 households was conducted in all villages in three gram panchayats in three blocks (1200 households in each GP). Results: Less than three –fourth of the households has been identified as MPI poor. Nearly one-fifth has been identified as vulnerable to poverty. The income poverty rate was 36%, and 76% are MPI poor The article also lens out deprivation within study areas. Interpretations: Consumption or income-based indicators alone ca...
Extend of Multidimensional Poverty Index in Haryana: A Multidimensional Approach
International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR), 2023
To quantify poverty merely monetary approach does not provide a true representation of deprivations or wellbeingness of households. Multidimensional Poverty Index measures multiple dimensions of deprivation of poverty that gives a more complete picture of poverty. For the study MPI status of Haryana and India as a whole the secondary data on India National Multidimensional Poverty Index, Baseline Report, Based on National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS) 2015-16 published in 2021 has been used. Main objective of the paper is to study the status of Multidimensional Poverty Index of India and the position of Haryana as it's in top states with respect to per capita income from 2006 to 2021. The district wise deprivation and counting of different types of deprivations that individuals experience at the same time has been discussed. The study observed that Haryana stands in better position in Multidimensional poverty index (value 0.055) and less deprived in all the indicators of three dimensions of Multidimensional poverty index compare the average status of India as a whole (0.118). District level results revealed the district Mewat, Palwal, Sirsa and Rohtak, Mahendragarh have higher level of multidimensional poverty districts whereas Ambala stands at first rank in lowest head count ratio 1.99%, followed by Panchkula with 2.47%. Comparatively in third dimension of MPI status of Haryana is far better like in electricity. Its deprivation is 0.75 percent compare to 8.29 percent in India. Results show that there is inter district disparity among the indicators which has been reduced. Few districts are above in all indicators due to economic factors and few are deprived in all indicators like Mewat , which is just 58 km far from millennium city of India. Status of health, education and standard of living is worsening in Mewat. Causes are many Like Religion, political, socio orthodox and Illiteracy.
Estimates of multidimensional poverty for India using NSSO-71 and -75
WIDER Working Paper, 2021
We measure multidimensional poverty in India using National Sample Survey Organization data from 2014–15 to 2017–18. We use income, health, education, and standard of living to measure the multidimensional poverty index (MPI). The MPI headcount declined from 26.9 to 13.75 per cent over the study period. The all-India estimates indicate that 144 million people were lifted from poverty during this period. We include different health dimensions, factoring in insurance, institutional coverage, antenatal care, and chronic conditions. Income is the dominant instrument with the highest contribution to the MPI, followed by insurance. Cooking, sanitation, and education also have significant weights. The decline in deprivation is steeper in rural areas than urban areas. Our state-level estimates reveal that 20 states report less than 10 per cent headcount poverty, up from six states. COVID-19 may lead to reversals of these gains, with poverty rising to pre-2014–15 levels, rising more steeply ...
Multidimensional poverty index for the poor in Guwahati city (Assam, India)
Journal of Social and Economic Development, 2018
The growth rate of population in Guwahati city had been continuously higher from 1971-1981 to 1981-1991 periods. The city is the largest urban centre in Assam with 21.87% of the total urban population of the state. The migration of population from outside the city makes the city of Guwahati consists of some community centric settlements and fight over urban land. In this article, a multidimensional poverty index (MPI) is developed for the poor households in Guwahati city. The main objective of the study is to develop a multidimensional poverty index for poor households in Guwahati city and to relate the same to their income status and other variables. Two hypotheses have been formulated to understand the quality of life of the poor city dwellers. Firstly, multidimensional poverty of urban poor household in Guwahati city is related to their: (a) migration status; (b) work status; (c) social Status; and (d) literacy status. Secondly, multidimensional poverty of urban poor households in Guwahati city is not related to their income status. In the present calculation of MPI, marginal deprivations of the slum dwellers are very high in assets, housing, water, sanitation, occupation and adult education. Moreover, contribution of occupation deprivation is highest to the total deprivation of the slum dwellers followed by adult education and asset deprivation. Education has always been the most important determinants of well-being of the people. The illiterate households are the most deprived among all others.
Measuring Multidimensional Poverty in India: A New Proposal
2000
This paper focuses on the methodology by which India's 2002 Below the Poverty Line (BPL) census data identify the poor and construct a BPL headcount. Using the BPL 2002 methodology and NFHS (National Family Health Survey) data, it identifies which rural families would have been considered BPL were NFHS (National Family Health Survey) data used. It compares these to poor families that would be identified using the same variables with the Alkire Foster multidimensional poverty methodology. It finds that up to 12 per cent of the poor sample population and 33 per cent of the extreme poor could be misclassified as non-poor by the pseudo-BPL method.
Status of Poverty in India – A State wise Analysis
International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2015
First millennium development goal is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. Present study is an attempt to understand the existence and state wise changes in poverty in India and analyse changes in consumption expenditure pattern. Using the data collected from 68th round of NSSO Report and report of planning commission of India the study finds out that poverty ratio in rural India during the study period has been higher than that of urban areas. Percentage share of expenditure incurred on consumption of food has shown a constant decline. Huge variation in the number of people moving out of below poverty line to above poverty line amongst Indian states