A study of prevalence and pattern of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in primary school children (original) (raw)
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https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.8\_Issue.11\_Nov2018/IJHSR\_Abstract.021.html, 2018
Background: It is a general assumption that children do not suffer from psychiatric disorders. However, it has been observed that childhood psychiatric disorders are more common than expected in the general population. Many children suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is defined as a persistent pattern of inattention or impulsivity that is formed during growth. It is manifested in two or more contexts (e.g., at home, school or work) and negatively affects the individuals social, academic or occupational functioning. Early identification and intervention of these problems are very important to address issues at early age. The present study was aimed to assess the prevalence of ADHD among school children (7 to 11 years). Objectives: To assess the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among school children studying in primary schools, Tirupati. To compute the level of attention (inattention) and behavior (hyperactivity) of children with ADHD. To find an association between level of attention and behavior with selected demographic variables. Methodology of the study: Cross sectional survey approach, of which a time-dimensional research design, which is a type of descriptive study design was used. It was planned to conduct the study in primary schools of selected urban areas in Tirupati. The population were school going children (7 to 11 years), studying in primary schools of selected urban areas, Tirupati. The samples were identified as having features of ADHD based on patent and teacher"s data by applying SNAP-IV TEACHER and PARENT RATING SCALE. Results: Findings of the study shown that among 403 school going children (7 to 11 years), 24 (5.9%) identified as having features of ADHD either of inattention, hyperactivity or ADHD-combined type; among 24 (5.9%) identified children, 22 (5.45%) identified as ADHD-combined type; one child (0.24%) identified as ADHD-inattention type and one child (0.24%) identified as ADHD-hyperactive type. Conclusion: Results of the study confirm the existence of ADHD among the school children (7 to 11 years) in the study population, which clearly states that ADHD-combined type is more predominant than other sub types of ADHD. The boys, girls" ratio found to be 2:1. Analysis also revealed that there was a significant association between prevalence of ADHD and its subtypes with selected demographic variables such as type of residence, type of school, history of eventful pregnancy and religion at 0.05 level of significance.
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development
A quantitative, cross sectional survey design was used to conduct a pilot study on 40 parents of children attending Primary school. Snowball sampling technique was used to collect the data. The objective was to see the feasibility of study on larger group and to identify the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among primary school children. The tools used to collect data were demographic profile and Vanderbilt parents Rating Scale. The age percentage of 60 % of the children was between the ages of 10-12 years of age. Gender ratio was almost equally divided into half. The prevalence of ADHD and its subtypes showed that predominantly hyperactive/ impulsive type had more prevalent symptoms, without scoring four and five in performance. Inattentive type was found without performance disturbance among 10 % of primary school children.
2018
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by a pattern of diminished sustained attention and higher levels of impulsivity in a child or adolescent than expected for someone of that age and developmental level. Aims: Our study aims at the following(i) To identify the prevalence of ADHD among children in primary schools. (ii) To identify the gender difference, age distribution, and distribution of socioeconomic class in the prevalence of ADHD. (iii) To identify the subtypes of ADHD. (iv) To assess the presence of any comorbid illnesses and to assess the association of various comorbidities with the subtypes of ADHD. Materials and methods: Three hundred children aged between six and 11 years were selected from two schools in Cachar district, Assam, India. The presence of ADHD was assessed by using the Conner’s Abbreviated Rating Scale (CARS) given to parents and teachers, and then reassessment for typing of ADHD and any comorbidies were done by the Va...
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2021
In India, few studies that are available report prevalence rates of ADHD ranging from 10 to 20%, which is quite alarming. While the Western world is attending to ADHD issue seriously, in India this has not yet received much attention. Children with ADHD are characterized as having poor behavioral inhibition (Barkley, 1997). In India there is very little systematic research in ADHD in children, especially in Prayagraj District. Hence, the present study aimed to find out the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among School Children of Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh. Purposive sample method was used for the sample selection. The sample comprised of children identified by the teachers with ADHD from standard 2 nd to 8 th studying in different 15 schools of Praygraj District of Uttar Pradesh, with an average IQ. 114 children identified with ADHD by the teachers having average IQ were taken for the study. Each child identified by the teacher was individually assessed by using formal tests such as Coloured / Standard Progressive Matrices (Raven 1998, 2000) and ADHD Checklist & Rating Scale (Tripathi & Hasan, 2015). Results suggest that most of the children with ADHD (71.9%) were 12-14 years of age, studying in classes 6 th to 8 th (57.9%) and were from nuclear family (64.9%). Out of 2831 children identified by the teachers, only 4.02% (114) children were identified having ADHD. The findings further depicts that the maximum number of children with ADHD (were Males (56.1%). The finding of the research is an indicator that school children need proper attention. It may be useful for the teachers, psychiatrist, counselors and parents for creating awareness in the society and suggesting management strategies to handle such sensitive issues.
International Journal of Medical Research & Review, 2020
Objective: To describe the clinical, socio-demographic, and functional profile of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) referred to a tertiary care center in Kerala, India. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from records of developmental evaluation clinic over a period of one year. All-consecutive cases the first time diagnosed as ADHD were enrolled. Autism Spectrum Disorder, genetic disorders, and children with sensory impairments were excluded. Results: ADHD prevalence in a clinically referred sample was 12.7%. Boy to girl ratio was 6:1. The mean age of presentation was 8.2 years (SD 6.09). The most common presenting symptom was hyperactivity and behavioral problems followed by poor scholastic performance and poor memory. The functional status assessment showed major concerns in all six domains-Inattention, Hyperactivity, Learning Problem, Executive Functioning, Aggression, and Peer relation, in the majority of children. Conclusion: Course of childhood ADHD shows a consistent clinical and functional pattern. Early diagnosis and quantification of difficulties at the outset is suggested, which can help in providing early intervention and is likely to improve long-term outcome in these children.
This study aimed at identifying the spread of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as its subtypes, in a sample of primary school children in Jeddah, KSA. The implemented tool was the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Scale. This instrument was administered to 2770 students with a range of 6-12 years. The findings of the study reveal that the prevalence of ADHD was estimated to be 11.6%. The subtypes results indicate: a prevalence of 6.3% for ADD, a prevalence of 2.2% for HD. The third type that is the combined hyperactive/ impulsive and inattentive type of ADHD has a prevalence of 3.1%. The results show that there is a difference between ADHD prevalence among elementary school children due to the difference in age. Furthermore, the total prevalence percentage of ADHD for female students was (4.2%). The total prevalence percentage of ADHD for male students was (7.4%). [Moayyad Homidi; Yahia Obaidat and Diala Hamaidi. Prevalence of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder among Primary School Students in Jeddah city, KSA. Life Sci J 2013;10(3):280-285]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 44
Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2021
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common reasons for visiting psychiatrists and psychologists. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ADHD and its related risk factors among children at elementary schools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study focused on teachers and parents of 779 elementary students who were selected through stratified cluster random sampling; Conners Parent and Teacher Questionnaires were used to collecting data. The data were analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage), independent samples t-test, Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results: According to teachers’ responses, the prevalence of ADHD among students in elementary schools was 4.4%, whereas parents reported a prevalence of 0.5%. There was a significant relationship between childhood ADHD and marital status of parents, fathers’ smoking habits, previous ex...
Indian Pediatrics, 2017
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent in children worldwide. Management of ADHD requires a systematic, multidisciplinary approach and therefore evidence-based, standardized national guidelines are essential. Process: A meeting for formulation of national consensus guidelines on neurodevelopmental disorders was organized by Indian Academy of Pediatrics in Mumbai, on 18 th and 19 th December, 2015. The invited experts included Pediatricians, Developmental Pediatricians, Pediatric Neurologists, Psychiatrists, Remedial Educators and Clinical Psychologists. The participants framed guidelines after extensive discussions. Objective: To provide consensus guidelines on evaluation and management of ADHD in children in India. Recommendations: ADHD is a chronic condition and thus education of patients, families, and teachers regarding the diagnosis is an integral part of management. Involvement of patient the and the family in the management program is extremely vital. Management of ADHD centers on the achievement of target outcomes, which are chosen in collaboration with the child, parents, and school personnel. Coexisting conditions must be treated concurrently with ADHD. Modalities of management of ADHD include behavioral interventions, medications, and educational interventions. These modalities can be implemented individually or in combination.
2007
Objective: This study was aimed to describe the frequency, gender ratio, clinical characteristics and co morbidities of ADHD in Pakistani population. Design: Descriptive study Place and duration of study: Department of Psychiatry of Aga Khan University Karachi from June 2002 to June 2004. Subjects and Methods: We reviewed the case records of 166 consecutive referrals at our child psychiatric clinics during the above mentioned time period . Results: Clinical notes of 166 patients presenting to child psychiatric clinic from July 2002 to July 2004 were reviewed. Sixty three (34%) children were diagnosed with ADHD. Gender ratio was 1 to 5 for females to males. Females presented more with in-attentive type of disorder as opposed to males who had more hyper-active, impulsive symptamatology. One third of the sample had co morbid psychiatric illnesses. Mental retardation and depression was more prevalent in our sample. Developmental abnormalities were also reported in one third of the cases...
Study of some perspective of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Proceedings, 2012
Background: Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), characterized by developmentally inappropriate inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and are the most common and thoroughly researched neuropsychiatry disorder affecting children and adolescence. The diagnosis of ADHD requires a comprehensive clinical assessment including a detailed patient history, clinical interview and observation, and a thorough physical examination. Objective: Our study is a prospective study to analyze the socio-demographic data of children with the diagnosis of ADHD attending the O.P.C. of the department of psychiatry at Hamad General Hospital in Qatar, the co morbid psychiatric disorder associated with ADHD, also detecting effect of different treatment modalities on those patients. Results: 29.2% of patients have co morbid Autism, up to 17.6% for organic brain syndrome; oppositional defiant disorders and conduct disorder followed by depression and O.C.D (5.8%) of cases. Conclusion: Clinically, treatment with stimulants result in an immediate, often dramatic, improvement in the core symptoms of ADHD.We concluded that accurate diagnosis and optimal management of this disorder may be the keys to improving long term outcomes of youth with this disorder.