Analysis of the correlation between dental arch and articular eminence morphology: a cone beam computed tomography study (original) (raw)
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The Angle Orthodontist, 2014
Objective: To compare dental plaster model (DPM) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the measurement of the dental arches, and investigate whether CBCT image artifacts compromise the reliability of such measurements. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of metallic restorations in the posterior teeth. Both dental arches of the patients were scanned with the CBCT unit i-CAT, and DPMs were obtained. Two examiners obtained eight arch measurements on the CBCT images and DPMs and repeated this procedure 15 days later. The arch measurements of each patient group were compared separately by the Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney U) test, with a significance level of 5% (a 5 .05). Intraclass correlation measured the level of intraobserver agreement. Results: Patients with healthy teeth showed no significant difference between all DPM and CBCT arch measurements (P . .05). Patients with metallic restoration showed significant difference between DPM and CBCT for the majority of the arch measurements (P . .05). The two examiners showed excellent intraobserver agreement for both measuring methods with intraclass correlation coefficient higher than 0.95. Conclusion: CBCT provided the same accuracy as DPM in the measurement of the dental arches, and was negatively influenced by the presence of image artifacts. (Angle Orthod. 0000;00:000-000.)
2014
Objective of the study is to inspect the tooth size and arch dimension by the assistance of 3D cone beam computerised tomography (CBCT) imaging through the effect age and gender differences. Data from fifty-three subject were examined; of which 32 were male the ages of the samples were similar in both sexes. The data source was 3D CBCT volumetric data from the archives of the School of Dental Sciences, HUSM. The tooth size (mesio-distal width), arch length, arch perimeter, intercanine, inter-first premolar, inter-second premolar and inter-molar widths were measured and recorded from the 3D CBCT of both maxilla and mandibular arches. Gender differences and changes associated with age were assessed. Regression analyses were used to examine the influence of age and gender on the tooth size and arch perimeters. Principal component analysis was carried out for the measurements of each arch in males and females samples. The tooth size of the right and left side were similar in the sample except the second premolars where the right side tooth were significantly larger than its counterpart (p=0.007) but with smaller differences (0.2mm to 0.08mm). Largest variation in the tooth size were found in the upper lateral, second premolars and lower lateral incisors in men whereas the upper canine and lower incisors in the women. Tooth size of the upper and lower canine showed the largest variation of sexual dimorphism. For the Arch dimension, the greatest variation was found in the inter-second premolar width of the upper arch followed by inter canine distance, and the inter-canine distance of the lower arch.
2013
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mandibular dental and basal arch forms in subjects with normal occlusion and compare them with those of Class III malocclusion using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 32 normal occlusion (19 males, 13 females; 24.3 years) and 33 Class III malocclusion subjects (20 males, 13 females, 22.2 years) were selected. Facial axis and root center points were identified from the left to right mandibular first molars. Distances between the facial axis and root center points for each tooth were calculated, and 4 linear and 2 ratio variables were measured and calculated for each arch form. The variables were compared between groups by independent t-test. Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to assess the relationships between dental and basal variables within each group. Results: The mandibular dental and basal intercanine widths were significantly greater in the Class III group than in normal occlusion subjects (p < 0.05). The dental and basal intercanine widths as well as the dental and basal intermolar widths were strongly correlated in normal occlusion and moderately correlated in Class III malocclusion. Conclusions: The dental arch form demon strated a strong positive correlation with the basal arch form in the normal occlusion group and moderate correlation in the Class III malocclusion group. These results might be helpful for clinicians to have a better understanding of the importance of basal arch form in the alveolar bone.
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry
Purpose: Many important structures are associated with the maxillary alveolar bone and should be considered during orthodontic tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness (AMABT), inclination of the central incisors, and the incisive canal (IC), as well as changes in the thickness based on age and sex of the patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using archived cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records categorized according to age and sex. The parameters measured were; AMABT at three levels: alveolar crest, mid-root, and apex; incisor to palatal plane (Inc/PP) angle and IC width at palatal opening. OnDemand 3D Imaging software was utilized for image reconstruction and measurement. Data were analyzed using linear regression analysis and Mann-Whitney test. A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the 300 CBCT images assessed, only 135 images (70 males and 65 females; age range=17-63 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The Inc/PP angle had a significant effect on the AMABT at the alveolar crest and mid-root levels (P<0.01). Width of the IC at palatal opening had a significant effect on AMABT at the mid-root and apex level (P<0.01). Age had a significant effect on AMABT at three levels (P<0.05). Males demonstrated significantly greater AMABT at all levels than females (P<0.01). Conclusion: There was an association between AMABT and the Inc/PP angle, width of the IC at palatal opening, age, and sex of the patients.
Head & Face Medicine, 2013
Objective To assess the amount of maxillary and mandibular inter-radicular bone mass and determine the most reliable mini-screw placement sites. Materials and methods Retrospective Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of 40 Angle Class I subjects (20 females, 20 males, aged 16 to 32) were obtained. Measurements on the buccal (BI), medial (MI) and lingual (LI) sides of the inter-radicular spaces were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mm from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) in an apical direction. Results The male and female BI scores ranged from 2.99±0.73 mm to 6.18±1.03 mm and 2.69±0.84 mm to 6.21±1.22 mm respectively. The male and female MI scores ranged from 1.36±0.38 mm to 4.50±0.99 and 1.53±0.66 to 4.77±1.99 mm respectively. LI scores ranged from 2.37±0.70 to 6.47±1.0 mm and 2.45±0.56 mm and 6.66±1.33 mm respectively. In both maxillary and mandibular arch, the inter-radicular space increased in the apical direction except for the buccal and medial inter-radicular spaces between...
Imaging Science in Dentistry
Purpose: This study aimed to introduce a novel method to evaluate the alveolar bone and interdental septum in the anterior mandible using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Fifty-six CBCT scans from adult patients were selected. The CBCT scans were obtained before and after orthodontic treatment. The following measurements were taken: width of the alveolar bone and the interdental septum, height of the interdental septum, height of the bone plates, distance between the cementoenamel junction and marginal bone crests, and vertical positioning of the mandibular incisor, using the lingual plane as a reference. To test the reproducibility and the stability of the lingual plane, a triangle was traced in the anterior mandible. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine intra-and inter-examiner agreement. The paired Student t-test was used to evaluate the area of the triangle and the reproducibility of all measurements. Results: The ICC was excellent for the alveolar bone and dental measurements (0.9989 and 0.9977, respectively), as well as for the interdental septum (0.9987 and 0.9961, respectively). The area of the triangles showed stability in the lingual plane (P>0.05). For the alveolar bone, mandibular incisor, and interdental septum measurements, no statistically significant differences were found between the 2 examiners (P>0.05), confirming the technical reliability of the measurements. Conclusion: The method used in this study provides a valid and reproducible assessment of alveolar bone dimensions in the anterior mandible measured on CBCT images.
Reliability and accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography dental measurements
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2009
Introduction: Dental measurements are an integral part of the orthodontic records necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. In this study, we investigated the reliability and accuracy of dental measurements made on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstructions. Methods: Thirty human skulls were scanned with dental CBCT, and 3-dimensional reconstructions of the dentitions were generated. Ten measurements (overbite, overjet, maxillary and mandibular intermolar and intercanine widths, arch length available, and arch length required) were made directly on the dentitions of the skulls with a high-precision digital caliper and on the digital reconstructions with commercially available software. Reliability and accuracy were assessed by using intraclass correlation and paired Student t tests. A P value of #0.05 was used to assign statistical significance. Results: Both the CBCT and the caliper measurements were highly reliable (r .0.90). The CBCT measurements tended to slightly underestimate the anatomic truth. This was statistically significant only for compounded measurements. Conclusions: Dental measurements from CBCT volumes can be used for quantitative analysis. With the CBCT images, we found a small systematic error, which became statistically significant only when combining several measurements. An adjustment for this error allows for improved accuracy. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial
innovative publication, 2017
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the age and sex related changes in inclination angle, age and sex prediction on the basis of inclination angle (Linear Regression Analysis-derived mathematical equations). This study is also aimed to evaluate supporting bone thickness of maxillary central incisor/mandibular central incisors and relationship of maxillary central incisor with inclination angle and to investigate the impact of age and gender on the alveolar bone thickness. The present study also assesses the difference between supporting bone thickness of maxillary central incisor and mandibular central incisor and its relationship with inclination angle. Material and Methods: Total 101 patients having 61 male and 40 females who met the inclusion criteria were included in study. The total maxillary (101) and mandibular incisors (101) were included in the study. The cone beam images(Sagittal sections) were obtained from Carestream 9000cc (USA) CBCT machine having FOV 17x13' with Kvp 90, mA 4,voxel size.30 with 11.30 seconds exposure. The sagittal section of roots were made to evaluate the supporting bone at the labial, lingual and palatal aspects and at three different levels, cervical, middle, apical. The angle between the axis of the maxillary right central incisor and palatal plane was determined. The palatal plane was determined by the anterior nasal spine (ANS) and the posterior nasal spine. In order to measure the bone thicknesses in the most central slice of incisor in sagittal section, the long axis of right maxillary incisor and right mandibular incisor (the reference plane) was determined by drawing a line extending from the middle of the incisal edge to the end of the apical root passing by the middle of the root canal. From this sagittal section, three points were defined on the reference plane in the cervical (2 mm from the cemento-enamel junction), middle and apical regions of the root. Then three perpendiculars were drawn from the previous points on the reference plane in order to calculate the bone thickness at these levels. Results: The mean of inclination angle is approximately same in males and females and this correlation is statistically not significant(P value>0.05). The inclination angle in age groups are statistically nonsignificant (P value>0.05). The supporting alveolar bone thickness in maxillary labial and palatal except maxillary palatal in middle of root is statistically non-significant(P>.05). The alveolar bone thickness in mandibular labial and mandibular lingual side is also statistically non-significant(P>.05). The mathematical equation derived from linear regression analysis can be used for age prediction. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of inclination angle in determination of age of an individual which can be helpful in resolving many medicolegal and criminal cases. However the supporting alveolar bone thickness helps in deciding the amount of orthodontic force to be applied for correction of skeletal malocclusion.
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice
Aims and objectives: To evaluate the correlation between the curve of Spee (COS) of a patient and the Collum angle of mandibular anterior dentition using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the analysis of 100 CBCTs of patients divided sagittally into two separate subjects. The Collum angles of the mandibular central incisor, mandibular lateral incisor, and the mandibular canine were measured along with the COS of that quadrant using Dolphin Imaging. A multivariate linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficients were conducted to measure the correlation between the COS and the Collum angle of mandibular anterior dentition. Results: The total number of participants in the cohort was 200 samples out of 100 patients as this was a split mouth study. The mean COS was 2.09 ± 1.239 mm. The mean Collum angle of the mandibular central incisor (L1) was found to be 6.50 ± 3.002 degrees. The mean Collum angle of the mandibular lateral incisor (L2) was 7.19 ± 2.554 degrees and the mean Collum angle of the mandibular canine (L3) was 7.03 ± 2.907 degrees. There was a statistically significant moderate correlation between L1, L2, and L3 and the COS with the Collum angle of the mandibular central incisor most highly correlated to the COS (0.42), followed by the mandibular lateral incisor (0.35) and then the mandibular canine (0.30). Conclusions: There is a statistically significant low to moderate correlation between the COS and the Collum angles of the mandibular anterior dentition.
Aims: To evaluate the reliability and reproducibility and calculating arch discrepancy measurement using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and comparing it to measurements obtained using the 2D Digital Method. Material and Methods: Traditional dental plaster casts were obtained from 50 patients and then digitalized, so as to be able to measure them using the Digital Method. Likewise, CBCTs were undertaken on those same patients using the Dental Picasso Master 3D® and the images obtained analysed using the InVivoDental program. Results: Determining the regression lines from both measuring methods, as well as the difference in values between them, shows how the two methods are comparable, despite the fact that the measurements analysed presented statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The three-dimensional models obtained from the CBCT are as accurate and reproducible as the digital models obtained from plaster casts for calculating arch discrepancy measurement. The differences existing between both methods were clinically acceptable.