Long-Term Cropping and Soil Texture Effects on Lithium and Bromide Transport Under Unsaturated Flow Conditions (original) (raw)
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2014
Coarse-textured soils have generally low organic matter and unstable structure. Using cheap waste materials such as sewage sludge is one of the solutions for their associated problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Ardabil municipal sewage sludge on some physical and hydraulic properties of a sandy loam soil selected from Ardabil plain under cultivation of spring wheat. A greenhouse experiment was done as randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were zero (control), 11.5, 23, 46, 69 g of air dried sludge per kg of air dried soil equivalent to zero, 30, 60, 120 and 180 tons of sludge/ha, respectively. After mixing the sludge with the soil, the spring wheat seeds were sown in pots. Parameters were measured after wheat harvest, 4 months after mixing the sludge with the soil. The results showed that the all rates of sludge from 30 to 180 ton/ha significantly decreased soil bulk density, particle density macropore...
Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 2019
Mineral mulches, such as pumice, increase water retention of soil, reduce evaporation and optimum water consumption. Use of pumice, thus, can be effective in improving the performance and growth of plant under water stress condition. This research was performed in completely randomized block design with three replications, four levels pumice, without its use (as control), and use of 30, 60 and 90 tons of pumice per hectare and three levels of irrigation (at 50% severe stress, at 70% moderate stress and at 100% without stress, evaporation from class A evaporation pan to evaluate the effect of treatment on some physiological traits of corn (modified hybrid of Maxima). Physiological traits of corn, was affected significantly by pumice and irrigation. The highest and lowest chlorophyll index, leaf relative water content, stomatal conductance and dry and fresh weight biomass, were obtained from pumice treatment of 90 tons per hectare and the control. The highest and lowest leaf temperature was also obtained from treatments of control and 90 tons per hectare. Chlorophyll index of 90 tons treatment per hectare in comparison with control and 30 tons per hectare of pumice amounted to 52 and 26% respectively. Stomatal conductance of irrigation at 50% evaporation from evaporation pan in comparison with treatments 70 and 100% decreased by 42 and 23% respectively. Thus it can conducted that the use of the 60 tons per hectare of pumice and irrigation at 70% evaporation from evaporation pan would be effective and will significantly affect plant vegetative characteristics and yield of corn.
2012
Recently, sewage sludge as a cheap organic fertilizer and rich in nutrients has received considerable attention in many countries. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Tabriz petrochemical factory ' s biological sludge on some soil biochemical and chemical indices such as the number of microorganism s, substrate-ind uced respiration, electrical conductivity, hot water-soluble carbohydrates and total nitrogen as well as their temporal variations in a calcareous soil selected from Mohaghegh Ardabili University ' s Research Station. The greenhouse experiment was done as a factorial randomized complete block design with three replicates. The first factor was the rates of applied sludge as 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 ton/ha of air dry soil and the second factor was the incubation times as 30, 90 and 180 days. Incubation of the treatments was done at 22±4 ◦ C and 0.75 field capacity moisture for 6 months. The results indicated that the all rates of applied slu...
Nova Biologica Reperta, 2021
Most of agricultural lands in Iran are located in arid and semi-arid regions and are considered as saline soils. In order to investigate the interaction of salinity as well as potassium and calcium on the growth and yield of tomato plants, a factorial experiment was perfected in the form of randomized complete blocks, in hydroponic conditions, with three replicates per treatment. Experimental factors include salinity at three levels (0, 20, and 40 mM NaCl), potassium content form chloride, nitrate (0 and 15 mM), and calcium from chloride, and nitrate (with 0 and 10 mM) . The studied growth factors, including plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, flowers and fruits and leaf chlorophyll decreased Received 28.03.2021/ Revised 26.05.2021/ Accepted 27.06.2021/ Published 22.10.2021 :تفایرد 08 / 01 / 1400 / :حلاصا 05 / 03 / 1400 / :شریذپ 06 / 04 / 1400 / :راشتنا 30 / 07 / 1400 [ D O I: 1 0. 52 54 7/ nb r. 8. 3. 20 6 ] [ D O R : 2 0. 10 01 .1 .2 42 36 33 0. 14 00 .8 .3 .5 .8 ] [ D ...
Technical Note: Study the Groundwater Nitrate Pollution in the Mian-Jungle Region, Fasa, Iran
2013
Nitrate in high dosage may cause serious diseases for both human beings and animals. WHO has set 45 mg/l as the maximum permitted level for nitrate in drinking water. High concentrations of nitrate in drinking water of the Mian Jungle region of Fasa, located 120 km south east of Shiraz, caused inhabitants to avoid using groundwater as the source of drinking water. Main objectives of this study were i) to determine the main sources of nitrate in the groundwater and ii) to introduce a feasible nitrate removal method in the region. Monthly groundwater sampling were carried out from April 2010 to March 2011 for 15 sources including water wells and outcropped springs. Nitrate, EC, and pH were measured in situ, however remaining parameters were determined in the lab using standard methods. Amounts of nitrate changed from 3.1 mg/l to 259.4 mg/l in diferent times and locations in this region. Results showed that an internal and external background of nitrate in groundwater are originating f...
2017
Table 7-Mean comparison of effect of tillage sysytems on dryland forage and wheat yields ﮔﻨﺪم ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد Wheat yields (kg ha-1) ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد Farage yields (kg ha-1) روش ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي ورزي Tillage systems ﺗﻮده زﯾﺴﺖ Biomass داﻧﻪ Grain ﮐﺎه Stubble زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده Biomass داﻧﻪ Grain ﮐﺎه Stubble ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺮﯾﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻫﺎي ﺟﻠﺪ ، 7 ﺷﻤﺎره ، 2 ﻧﯿﻤﺴﺎل ، دوم 1396 ﺧﺎك ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋ و ﺧﺎك ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺧﻮاص ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ ورزي ﮔﻨﺪم ﺗﻨﺎوب در ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻤﻠﮑﺮد ... 465 ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺮﯾﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻫﺎي ﺟﻠﺪ ، 7 ﺷﻤﺎره ، 2 ﻧﯿﻤﺴﺎل ، دوم 1396 ﻧﺸﺮﯾﻪ ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻫﺎي ﺟﻠﺪ 7 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ، دوم ﻧﯿﻤﺴﺎل 1396 ، ص 467-451 ﺧﺎك ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋ و ﺧﺎك ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺧﻮاص ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ ورزي ﮔﻨﺪم ﺗﻨﺎوب در ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻤﻠﮑﺮد ... 467 most soil moisture variability to initial state was observed in plots which planted as no-tillage. The moisture variability of no-tillage system was 23.4% higher than that of conventional tillage system at 10-20 cm so...
Journal of Water and Soil Science
To determine the nitrate pollution (water, soil, and tubers) in small (< 0.5 ha), medium (0.5-1 ha) and large (> 1 ha) size of potato fields, this study was conducted in Fereidan region of Isfahan province during growing season of 2014-2015. For this purpose, the amounts of inputs and the tuber yield were recorded in each farm. Also, average nitrate-N concentration in irrigation water, soil and tubers of different potato farms were measured before planting and after harvesting. The results showed that the average soil N-nitrate concentration in small, medium and large size farms were 16.3, 17.4 and 19.9 mg kg-1 before planting and 10.3, 13.3 and 23.3 mg kg-1 after harvesting, respectively. The average N-nitrate concentration of irrigation water in small, medium and large size farms were 36.3, 27.1 and 19.5 mg L-1 before planting and 47.6, 33.1 and 16.4 mg L-1 after harvesting, respectively. After harvesting, NO3-N concentration of irrigation water was below the standard range concentration (45 mg L-1) in the all large farms while 87 % of small and 85% of medium farms showed more than standard concentration. The nitrate concentrations of tubers in large-sized farms were lower than others. The tuber NO3-N concentration was affected by potato cultivar. The lowest concentration of nitrate was observed in the late-season potato cultivars (Agria). That might be associated with greater tubers yield.
مدیریت آبیاری تکمیلی گندم دیم در زمان بروز خشکسالی با استفاده از شاخص رطوبت محصول (CMI)
2011
Drought is one the most complicated and unknown natural disasters and rainfed agriculture is often the first sector to be affected by drought. In this research, we consider the drought monitoring from both meteorological and agricultural points of view. We have selected Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) among the meteorological indices, with a one month time scale for the synoptic station of Bojnurd. Although there are few exceptions in during (1996-2005) in 1996, 1998, 1999, and 2000, in which the severely and extremely dry category have been matched to the growth season of the rainfed, the results of SPI index from precipitation data of this station and the trend of drought variations from 1996 to 2005 show that in Bojnord synoptic station, the meteorological drought has not happened in the growth season of the rainfed wheat (23 Oct. To 17 June) or at least it has been near normal category. The periods from June 1998 to May 1999 and from June 2004 to June 2005 have been the d...