High performance liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analyses (original) (raw)
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Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system involves significant technological advances in particle size performance, system optimization, data processing, detector design and control. When all brought together, the specific achievements in each area have created a step-function progress in chromatographic performance. This new technique of analytical separation science uses the principles and practicality of HPLC with increasing the attributes of speed, sensitivity and resolution. Now a day's pharmaceutical industries are in search of new ways to reduce cost and time for analysis of drugs. Analytical laboratories are not exception in this trend. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with better resolution, assay sensitivity and high sample throughput allows a greater number of analysis to be performed in a shorter period of time and it also impart cost effective advantage over HPLC analysis. So that conventional assay was transferred and optimized for UPLC system. This review introduces the theory of UPLC, and involves some of the most advanced work in the field.
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This chapter aims to explain the key parameters of analytical method development using the chromatography techniques which are used for the identification, separation, purification, and quantitative estimation of complex mixtures of organic compounds. Mainly, the versatile techniques of ultra−/high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC/HPLC) are in use for the analysis of assay and organic impurities/related substances/degradation products of a drug substance or drug product or intermediate or raw material of pharmaceuticals. A suitable analytical method is developed only after evaluating the major and critical separation parameters of chromatography (examples for UPLC/HPLC are selection of diluent, wavelength, detector, stationary phase, column temperature, flow rate, solvent system, elution mode, and injection volume, etc.). The analytical method development is a process of proving the developed analytical method is suitable for its intended use for the quantitative estimation of the targeted analyte present in pharmaceutical drugs. And it mostly plays a vital role in the development and manufacture of pharmaceuticals drugs.
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Chromatography is an analytical technique based on the separation of molecules due to differences in their structure and/or composition. In general, chromatography involves moving a sample through the system over a stationary phase. The molecules in the sample will have different affinities and interactions with the stationary support, leading to separation of molecules. Sample components that display stronger interactions with the stationary phase will move more slowly through the column than components with weaker interactions. Different compounds can be separated from each other as they move through the column. Chromatographic separations can be carried out using a variety of stationary phases, including immobilized silica on glass plates (thin-layer chromatography), volatile gases (gas chromatography), paper (paper chromatography) and liquids (liquid chromatography).
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2011
In the pharmaceutical industry fast and efficient separation techniques play an increasing role among analytical methods because the samples to be investigated grow both in complexity and number, and there is an increasing time pressure to complete the analysis. Reducing the analysis time without decreasing the efficiency is possible using higher pressures, elevated temperatures, smaller particle sizes, or a combination of these approaches. Recently developed chromatographic techniques such as the UHPLC (ultra high performance liquid chromatography) and HTLC (high temperature liquid chromatography) are highly promising in meeting these demands. In this study, high temperature liquid chromatography (HTLC) with a zirconia-based column and temperatures elevated up to 150 • C was used. We investigated the chromatographic behaviour of a steroid active pharmaceutical ingredient (levonorgestrel) and its structurally related impurities as model compounds. The effect of the temperature in the range of 50-150 • C and the flow-rate in the range of 0.5-3.0 ml/min, and using methanol as an organic modifier, were studied for optimisation of the separation method.
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Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an instrument used to incorporate pharmacokinetic and pharmaco dynamic information to upgrade and customize drug treatment. TDM is of explicit interest for enemies of denunciations to guarantee sufficient medication presentation and diminish unfavorable occasions, to build tolerant consistence and to forestall antimicrobial obstruction. For TDM, drug blood focuses are resolved to bring and keep the fixation inside the focused on remedial reach. Presently, LC-MS/MS is the essential scientific strategy for quick and precise measurement of against infective medication focuses. Notwithstanding blood, a few elective frameworks (cerebrospinal liquid, incendiary liquids, explicit cells and tissue) and elective inspecting techniques (dried blood spot and saliva) are right now being explored. Here, we survey the current difficulties in the bio investigation of hostile to infective medications and give understanding in the pre-and post-insightful issues encompassing TDM.