Assessment of Neospora caninum seroprevalence in buffalo in Tabriz city, north-west of Iran (original) (raw)
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A review of Neospora caninum in water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis )
Veterinary Parasitology, 2015
Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular parasite causing abortion and reproductive failure in ruminants. Here, the seroprevalence of Neospora DNA and anti-Neospora antibodies and the correlation between the DNA and the antibody using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a new developed whole cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) were investigated. To determine the level of anti-Neospora antibody, 83 serum samples were collected from buffaloes in the northwest of Iran. Plates were coated with 2 × 10 6 whole Neospora tachyzoites and the anti-Neospora antibody level was determined by calculating the ratio of sample/positive control (S/P) optical densities (ODs) in the ELISA. All samples with the ration of 0.50 or above were accounted as positive. To confirm the presence of Neospora DNA, the serum samples were directly subjected to PCR and nested PCR for detection of Neospora NC5 gene without the DNA isolation process. A total number of 83 buffalo serum samples were examined for the presence of anti-N. caninum immunoglobulin G and Neospora DNA. All samples with the S/P ratio of 0.50 or above (16 samples, 19.27%) were also positive for Neospora DNA. All samples with OD less than 0.50 (34 samples, 40.96%) were negative for Neospora DNA. However, 33 samples with the S/P ratio of bellow 0.50 (39.75%) showed a significant level of antibody. A 100% correlation was observed between high levels of the anti-Neospora antibody and Neospora DNA in the serum of water buffalo, and the whole N. caninum tachyzoites have the potency to be used as antigens for detection of the parasite in ELISA.
Evidence of Neospora caninum infection in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Northwestern Romania
Parasitology Research
Neospora caninum is a heteroxenous parasitic Apicomplexan protozoan, able to infect a variety of domestic and wild animals, mainly associated with reproductive disorders and abortions in susceptible species. Considering the importance of Romania in the European buffalo industry and the severe economic losses caused by N. caninum infection in livestock, the aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of neosporosis in buffaloes raised in household and farming systems in northwestern Romania. Overall, 197 serum samples were tested for the presence of N. caninum-specific antibodies by ELISA. Additionally, from 74 slaughtered buffaloes, diaphragm digest, heart, and lymph node samples were tested for the presence of N. caninum DNA. The overall seroprevalence was 68.5%. The seroprevalence was significantly higher in adult animals compared to calves and young ones and in the household system compared to farm. By nPCR, six samples were found to be positive for N. caninum DNA, of which three were serologically negative. The present study reveals a high prevalence of N. caninum-specific antibodies in buffaloes in northwestern Romania and to our best knowledge, it is the first one performed in Romania.
Neospora caninum in buffaloes Nasir 1
Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) was assessed in the Lahore District of Punjab Province, Pakistan. The study revealed an overall prevalence of 54.7% for N. caninum antibodies determined through a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay performed on randomly collected serum samples. The highest prevalence was observed in buffaloes .3-5 yr of age (64.1%), followed by 57.9% for 5 to 6 yr olds, and 55.8% in 1-yr-old neonates, with high probability of infection under intensive dairy farming conditions. The pattern of prevalence was closely associated with the season as reflected by the highest prevalence (70.5%) in summer (May-August) and lowest (39.6%) in winter (November-January). Aborting buffaloes illustrated significantly higher (78.9%) exposure compared with non-aborting dams (59.8%). Prevalence in animals with canine contact was significantly higher (60.3%) than without contact (48.1%). This is the first reported prevalence of N. caninum in Pakistan.
Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in cattle in Kerman province, South East Iran
Veterinarski Arhiv, 2008
neospora caninum is an intracellular parasite which causes abortion in cattle worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in cattle in the province of Kerman in South East Iran. Blood samples were collected from 285 cattle in the province of Kerman for determining the seroprevalence of neospora caninum . A total of 285 serum samples were tested for anti-neospora antibodies. Serum samples were analyzed for antibodies against n. caninum antigen using a commercial n. caninum ISCOM ELISA kit. Antibodies to n. caninum were found in 36 of the 285 (12.6%) sera based on ELISA test results. This study is the first report of neospora infection in this area. With regard to seropositivity, no significant difference was observed regarding origin, sex and age (P>0.05).
Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in cattle in Kerman
2015
neospora caninum is an intracellular parasite which causes abortion in cattle worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in cattle in the province of Kerman in South East Iran. Blood samples were collected from 285 cattle in the province of Kerman for determining the seroprevalence of neospora caninum. A total of 285 serum samples were tested for anti-neospora antibodies. Serum samples were analyzed for antibodies against n. caninum antigen using a commercial n. caninum ISCOM ELISA kit. Antibodies to n. caninum were found in 36 of the 285 (12.6%) sera based on ELISA test results. This study is the first report of neospora infection in this area. With regard to seropositivity, no significant difference was observed regarding origin, sex and age (P>0.05).
Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in Dairy Buffaloes in Lahore District, Pakistan
Journal of Parasitology, 2011
Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) was assessed in the Lahore District of Punjab Province, Pakistan. The study revealed an overall prevalence of 54.7% for N. caninum antibodies determined through a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay performed on randomly collected serum samples. The highest prevalence was observed in buffaloes .3-5 yr of age (64.1%), followed by 57.9% for 5 to 6 yr olds, and 55.8% in 1-yr-old neonates, with high probability of infection under intensive dairy farming conditions. The pattern of prevalence was closely associated with the season as reflected by the highest prevalence (70.5%) in summer (May-August) and lowest (39.6%) in winter (November-January). Aborting buffaloes illustrated significantly higher (78.9%) exposure compared with non-aborting dams (59.8%). Prevalence in animals with canine contact was significantly higher (60.3%) than without contact (48.1%). This is the first reported prevalence of N. caninum in Pakistan.
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001
Antibodies to Neospora caninum were assayed in sera of 222 female water buffaloes from Ribeira Valley of São Paulo State, Brazil, using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and Neospora agglutination test (NAT). IFAT antibodies were found in 64% of buffaloes with titers of 1:25 (42 buffaloes), 1:50 (53 buffaloes), 1:100 (31 buffaloes), 1:200 (10 buffaloes), 1:400 (3 buffaloes), or ≥1:800 (3 buffaloes). NAT antibodies were found in 53% of buffaloes; in titers of 1:40 in 52 buffaloes, 1:80 in 27 buffaloes, 1:160 in 21 buffaloes, and ≥1:320 in 17 buffaloes. Results indicate a high prevalence of N. caninum exposure in water buffaloes in Brazil and warrant an investigation of the role of N. caninum as an abortifacient in water buffaloes.
PCR detection of Neospora caninum in water buffalo foetal tissues
Acta Parasitologica, 2014
The seroprevalence of Neospora caninum was surveyed by an ELISA kit on two water buffalo herds of Southern Italy. Seropositive samples were detected in 47% and 59% of individuals, respectively, thus indicating high level of exposure to the parasite even if the possibility of vertical transmission cannot be excluded. Tissue samples collected from three aborted fetuses from the same herds were investigated for N. caninum presence by PCR assays targeting the 18S and the Nc5 DNA sequences, respectively. Both methods have shown the presence of N. caninum DNA in heart and brain. Sequencing of the Nc5 genomic DNA confirmed the presence of N. caninum in the samples; phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences showed high homology among the Neospora recovered from different samples. The present study suggests an important role of N. caninum as a possible abortive agent for water buffaloes.
Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in slaughtered native cattle in Kurdistan province, Iran
Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal, 2014
Neospora caninum is a worldwide distributed pathogen which causes abortion in cattle leading to economic loss in the cattle industry. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum antibodies in the native cattle slaughtered in various areas of Kurdistan province (western Iran) from September 2010 to September 2011. Serum samples from 368 cattle slaughtered in seven slaughterhouses in this region were taken for detection of anti-N. caninum antibodies using commercial N. caninum ELISA kit. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 29 samples (7.80%). The present study was the first report of Neospora infection in this region and indicated that native cattle of Kurdistan province were exposed to this parasite.
Experimental inoculation of Neospora caninum in pregnant water buffalo
Veterinary Parasitology, 2012
The aim of this study was to characterize the pathogenesis of Neospora caninum in experimentally inoculated pregnant water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Twelve Mediterranean female water buffaloes ranging in age from 4 to 14 years old and seronegative to N. caninum by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) were involved. Ten females were intravenously inoculated with 10 8 tachyzoites of NC-1 strain at 70 (n = 3) or 90 (n = 7) days of pregnancy (dp). Two control animals were inoculated with placebo at 70 and 90 dp, respectively. Serum samples were obtained weekly following inoculation to the end of the experiment. Three animals inoculated at 70 dp were slaughtered at 28 days post inoculation (dpi), three animals inoculated at 90 dp were slaughtered at 28 dpi and the remaining four animals inoculated at 90 dp were slaughtered at 42 dpi. Fetal fluids from cavities and tissue samples were recovered for IFAT and histopathology, immunohistochemistry and PCR, respectively. Genomic DNA from fetal tissues was used for parasite DNA detection and microsatellite genotyping in order to confirm the NC-1 specific-infection. Dams developed specific antibodies one week after the inoculation and serological titers did not decrease significantly to the end of the experiment. No abortions were recorded during the experimental time; however, one fetus from a dam inoculated at 70 dp was not viable at necropsy. Specific antibodies were detected in only two fetuses from dams inoculated at 90 dp that were slaughtered at 42 dpi. No macroscopic changes in the placentas and organs of viable fetuses were observed. Nonsuppurative placentitis was a common microscopic observation in Neospora-inoculated specimens. Microscopic fetal lesions included nonsuppurative peribronchiolar interstitial pneumonia, epicarditis and myocarditis, interstitial nephritis, myositis and periportal hepatitis. Positive IHC results were obtained in two fetuses from dams inoculated at 70 dp and slaughtered at 28 dpi. N. caninum DNA was detected in placentas and fetuses from all inoculated animals. The pattern of amplified microsatellites from placental and fetal tissues resembled the NC-1 strain. Water buffaloes, like cattle, are susceptible to experimental inoculation with N. caninum at early pregnancy.