In vitro Organogenesis in Cotton (Gossypium spp) for Ex-situ Conservation Issue (original) (raw)

Role of gibberellic acid in cotton fibre development

The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2002

Fibres of three cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum H-4, H-8 and G. arboreum G. Cot-15) were analysed for growth in terms of fibre length and dry weight and endogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) content thrice during 1997–2000, at Rajkot. The development of cotton fibre was divided into four distinct growth phases but overlap between elongation and secondary thickening was considerable which suggests that both these phases are independent of each other. During fibre elongation, GA3 content remained low and increased after a decrease in the rate of fibre elongation in all three genotypes. The long staple cultivar (H-4) showed highest endogenous GA3 content followed by the middle one (H-8) and the short staple cultivar (G. Cot-15). In in vitro studies when GA3, NAA or GA3+NAA was supplemented to the media, increase in fibre length of the short staple cultivar was maximum, followed by the middle one and the long staple cultivar. Both in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that GA3 is one o...

In vitro Direct Regeneration of Cotton (Gossypium spp.) Cultivars of Sudan

British Biotechnology Journal, 2016

In vitro direct plantlets' development from different explants of cotton was studied using nine cultivars which have been developed in Sudan. The influence of various phytohormones on morphogenetic response of different explants of each cultivar was tested. The best medium for multiple shoot induction from shoot tip explants was Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L Zeatin. In this medium, the highest regeneration percentage (92%) and the maximum number of shoots (2) were recorded for Sudac K cultivar. Shoot elongation and rooting of most of the shooted explants were obtained in 0.05 mg/L Gibberellic acid (GA 3)supplemented MS medium. Embryo axis explants were best regenerated in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L Kinetin + 0.1 mg/ L 2,4-D in seven of the nine tested cultivars. The highest shooting percentage (80%) was recorded for Shambat-B followed by Hamid cultivar (75%). The majority of the shoots (62.4%) showed root formation in MS medium supplemented with Kinetin + 2,4-D medium. Non-rooted shoots derived from shoot tip and embryo axis explants Original Research Article

Gibberellic Acid Utilization in Seeds and Plants of Beans: Effect on Growth and Seeds Physiological Quality

Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019

The growth regulators from gibberellins, when applied on plants, might improve physic and physiological features, stimulate cell division and elongation, this study aimed at evaluating the influence of gibberellic acid doses applied exogenously on bean crop through seed treatment, and analyzing its effects on morphological attributes of seedlings and physiological quality of the seeds produced. The experimental design was completely randomized design, with treatments corresponding to the doses: zero (distilled water only), 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1, arranged in four replicates. The use of gibberellic acid in bean seeds did not result in changes on the number of leaves, leaf area, dry mass of leaves and stem. Applications of foliar gibberellic acid potentiated stem height and root dry mass of seedlings.

Endogenous levels of reducing sugars, free amino acids and phenols during various stages of in vitro culture of cotton (Gossypium Spp.)

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2011

Somatic embryogenesis is widely preferred as the regeneration route for in vitro studies in cotton. However, the regeneration efficiency through this approach is low; a problem that is believed to be as a result of the biochemical properties of the plant. The objective of this study was to investigate possible relationships between three biochemical factors (reducing sugars, phenols, and free amino acids) and somatic embryogenesis. In vitro cultures of the different embryogenic and non-embryogenic cultivals were established. The levels of reducing sugars, phenols and free amino acids were determined at different developmental stages of the cultures. Higher levels of reducing sugars and lower level of phenol were observed in embryogenic cultivars compared to their non-embryogenic counterparts. There was a general increase in the levels of free amino acids, which decreased with time in the highly embryogenic cultivars, whereas the levels remained high in the poorly embryogenic and non-embryogenic cultivars. The higher content of phenols and free amino acids may be implicated in the poor somatic embryogenic response. The data show that there are factors that may serve as markers of somatic embryogenesis in cotton, which need to be empirically determined for any particular cultivar chosen for genetic improvement through embryogenesis.

Effects of zeatin and activated charcoal in proliferation of shoots and direct regeneration in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

African Journal of …, 2009

A multiple shoot induction protocol was optimized for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Three cultivars of cotton (Sahel, Siokra, Hybrid, that is, Sahel × Siokra) were used to study the effects of zeatin and activated charcoal on proliferation of shoots and direct regeneration from shoot tip explant excised from 10-15 day-old seedlings cultured in vitro. Growth response of different varieties varied. Root and shoot formation was observed in all varieties. The best treatment for multiple shoot induction in cultivars was the treatment containing Murashig and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with zeatin (0.1 mg/l) and activated charcoal (0.5 mg/l), while treatment containing zeatin (0.1 mg/l) and activated charcoal (2 mg/l) was not good medium for regeneration. Culture of every cultivar continued for 7 subcultures and morphological characteristic was evaluated during every subculture. Maximum length of shoots (4.65 cm), the highest percentage of root development (55%) and maximum number of nodes (6.7) was observed in Siokra variety in the second subculture, Hybrid genotype and siokra in the last subculture, respectively. Also the shape of leaves changed in Siokra variety during subcultures.

Phenolic compounds and somatic embryogenesis in cotton (Gossypium hirsitum L.). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture

Studies of phenolic compounds were performed during cell suspension cultures in relation with the induction of embryogenic structures in two cultivars of cotton. Coker 312 produced embryogenic structures, unlike R405-2000 which was found to be a non-embryogenic cultivar. Embryogenesis induction in Coker 312 was strongly linked to a higher content of caffeic, ferulic and salicylic acids and to the appearance of p-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, trans-resveratrol, catechin and naringenin.

Relation between explant age, total phenols and regeneration response in tissue cultured cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L

2007

The aim of this study is to determine total phenol amount of the explants and to expose relation between explant age, total phenols and regeneration response for tissue culture and gene transfer systems of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). In this study, total phenol amount of 7, 14, 21 and 28 day old cotton (G. hirsutum L) var. Nazilli 84S explants and excreted total phenols into culture media were determined during the germination period. Explants were originated from roots, hypocotyls, cotyledons and leaves. After germination, they were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media, supplemented with 0.1 mg/L kinetin (KIN) and grown at 25 o C under fluorescent light (7500 lux), 16 h light and 8 h dark for 3 weeks. Different regeneration ratios were obtained relative to explant age and total phenol amounts. Regenerated shoots were rooted on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

Growth regulators for enhancing seed cotton yield, yield components and fibre quality in american cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Biovita is an extract from a seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum - a marine plant that has been recognised as an excellent natural fertiliser and a rich source of organic matter. It is reported to help in enhancing the bolls retention and thus increased the yield. The objective of the study was to confirm whether the Biovita has any impact on seed cotton yield, yield components and fibre quality in American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The experiment comprising the following ten treatments was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Station, Abohar, India during summers of 2005 and 2006: T1: A+B+C+D+E; T2: A+C+D+E; T3: A+D+E; T4: A+E; T5: A; T6: B+C+D+E; T7: C+D+E; T8: D+E; T9: E; T10: Control (No Biovita application, only recommended dose of fertilisers); where A denotes the granules application of Biovita @ 20 kg/ha at the time of sowing; B indicates the foliar application of liquid Biovita @ 500 ml/ha at square formation; C is the foliar application of liquid Biovita @ 6...

International Journal of Plant Developmental Biology ©2011 Global Science Books Efficient in Vitro Plant Regeneration of Cotton Cultivar Narashima (Gossypium hirsutum L

Development of a plant regeneration protocol of an elite Indian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar 'Narashima' could help in genetic transformation for biotic stress tolerance and improve quality characteristics. In the present study, successful callus, shoot and root induction were achieved from cotyledonary nodes, hypocotyls, cotyledons and leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with B5 vitamins, as well as combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Callus proliferation was best on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.5 mg/l 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.4 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ), 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 1.0 mg/l kinetin (Kn). Shoots were produced from organogenic callus, cotyledonary nodes, hypocotyls cultured on MS medium with 1.0 mg/l BAP, 1.0 mg/l TDZ, 2.0 mg/l KN and 0.4 mg/l-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1 g/l activated charcoal. Profuse rooting was achieved on MS medium with 1.0 mg/l NAA and 0.4 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid. The regenerated plants were successfully hardened in earthen pots after adequate acclimatization (68-70%) and hardened plantlets were obtained.