Efficacy of Levofloxacin Loaded Nonionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) in a Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Sprague Dawley Rats (original) (raw)
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Niosomes are nanometric in size use for drug targeting at a rate directed by the needs of body during tratment. Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles obtained on hydration of synthetic non ionic surfactant wth or without incorporation of cholestrol or either lipids and can be used as carrier of amphiphilic and lipophilic. Niosomes (non-ionic surfactant vesicles ) were biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-immunogenic in nature and having flexibility in structure & storage. These are chemicaly stable, ecently many researchers works on niosomes by oral drug delivery to provide better bioavailability to drug. Niosomes provides better encapsulation in biological membrain and maintain stability. Drug entraped vallues were measured by using flurosant markers like 5-6-Carboxyfluroscein and drug release rate is evaluated in biolgical media that is (serum & plasma) as a function of surfectant composition and in the presence or absence of cholesterol. Surfactant charge measurment is done by zeta potential as a function of pH , gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting were used to know the compatability study between biological fluid componant and prepared vesicles. It was found that all the vesicle carries negative charge & rapidly bound to the plasma protein which incluid albumin & imunoglobulin-G that affects the latency of entraped marker. Uptake & degradation of niosomes in a living unicellular, eukaryotic micro-oraganism was also investigated. In this work the well chrecterise liposomes were compared with niosoms.
Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) as New Drug Delivery Systems
Novel Approaches for Drug Delivery
Lipid vesicular systems composed of hydrated amphihiles with or without bilayer inducing agents such as cholesterol. On the basis of used amphiphilic molecule different nomenclature are used as liposomes, ufasomes and niosomes. Nonionic surfactants with mono-, di- or trialkyl chains form niosomes which are lipid vesicles with more chemical stability in comparison with phospholipids of liposomes. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic chemicals can be encapsulated in niosomes as a new drug delivery system. This drug carrier system could have administered via injection, oral, pulmonary, vaginal, rectal, ophthalmic, nasal or transdermal routes with penetration enhancing potential. This chapter presents a detailed explain about niosome forming components, methods of preparation and routes of administration. Many examples for drug delivery potential of niosomes are also available in this review. Vaccine adjuvant and genetic substances vector capabilities are not given here.
The curious world of hydroxide surfactants. Spontaneous vesicles and anomalous micelles
The Journal of Physical Chemistry
Double-chained cationic surfactants typified by dodecyldimethylammonium bromide are insoluble in water, forming lamellar liquid crystal phases. They form vesicles only on prolonged sonication. If the halide ion is replaced by a hydroxide, the resulting surfactants are highly soluble and form spontaneously a clear solution which appears to comprise a mixture of small micelles and fairly monodisperse vesicles. The distribution of particle size changes with added base or with partial titration with acid (HBr, HC1, HF) which can sometimes yield vesicles with an initially unsymmetric distribution of anions. Evidence for these structures from quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) and viscosity measurements and an account of their extraordinary properties are presented.
Non-ionic surfactant vesicles and their therapeutics potentials
2016
Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system in which drug is encapsulated in vesicles. Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles that have potential applications in the delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Niosomes proved to be a promising drug carrier and has potential to reduce the side effects of drugs and increased therapeutic effectiveness in various diseases. The success of Niosomes as drug carriers has been reflected in a number of surfactant -based formulations, which are commercially available or are currently undergoing clinical trials. This review is mainly focused on the diseases that have attracted most attention with respect to niosome drug delivery. This vesicular drug delivery system having lots of advantage over other type of drug delivery system. Niosomes and liposomes are equiactive in drug delivery potential and both increase drug Efficacy as compared with that of free drug.
Some subsets in bitopological spaces and bioperations
BULETINUL ACADEMIEI DE STIINTE A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA. MATEMATICA, 2024
The aim of this paper is to introduce and study some new types of sets via bioperations and to define and characterize some new forms of bioperations continuity using these sets and their relationships.
Surfactant Effects on Lipid-Based Vesicles Properties
Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2018
Understanding the effect of surfactant properties is critical when designing vesicular delivery systems. This review evaluates previous studies to explain the influence of surfactant properties on the behavior of lipid vesicular systems, specifically their size, charge, stability, entrapment efficiency, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Generally, the size of vesicles decreases by increasing the surfactant concentration, carbon chain length, the hydrophilicity of the surfactant head group, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. Increasing surfactant concentration can also lead to an increase in charge, which in turn reduces vesicle aggregation and enhances the stability of the system. The vesicles' entrapment efficiency not only depends on the surfactant properties but also on the encapsulated drug. For example, the encapsulation of a lipophilic drug could be enhanced by using a surfactant with a low hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value. Moreover, the membrane permeabilit...
Why quasi-sets?-doi: 10.5269/bspm. v20i1-2.7524
2002
Abstract Quasi-set theory was developed to deal with collections of indistinguishable objects. In standard mathematics, there are no such kind of entities, for indistinguishability (agreement with respect to all properties) entails numerical identity. The main motivation underlying such a theory is of course quantum physics, for collections of indistinguishable ('identical'in the physicists' jargon) particles cannot be regarded as' sets' of standard set theories, which are collections of distinguishable objects.
Size and Charge Modulation of Surfactant-Based Vesicles
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2011
Nonstoichimetric mixtures of two oppositely charged surfactants, such as sodium dodecylsulfate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide and tetraethylammonium perfluorooctanesulfonate, a fluorinated species, form vesicles in dilute concentration regimes of the corresponding phase diagrams. Vesicles size and charge density are tuned by changing the mole ratio between oppositely charged species, at fixed overall surfactant content. They are also modulated by adding neutral electrolytes, or raising T. In the investigated regions, mixtures made of sodium dodecylsulfate/hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide show ideality of mixing, the other non ideality and phase separation. The formation of unilamellar vesicles occurs in the sodium dodecylsulfate/hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide mixture, but not in the other. DLS, viscosity, and electrophoretic mobility quantified the above effects. Surface charge density, surface tension, elasticity, and osmotic pressure concur to the stability of unilamellar vesicles and a balance between the above contributions is demonstrated. The results are relevant for practical applications of vesicles as carriers in biomedicine.
Some concepts on design of surfactant gels and vesicles
Bulletin of Materials Science, 1994
It is conjectured that anionic-cationic surfactant combination can be regarded as equivalent to a double chain surfactant and using molecular packing considerations it is shown that vesicles, viscoelastic solutions and liquid crystals can be designed by the proper choice of chain lengths of the pair. Using these concepts new systems are designed, from mixtures of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and sodium alkyl sulfonates, to produce both viscoelastic gels and vesicles.
Vesicle formation and disintegration: a water-hydrotrope-nonionic surfactant system
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 1997
The kinetics of formation of vesicles by dilution with water from a hydrotrope solution of the vesicle forming surfactants and the reverse formation of them to hydrotrope stabilized micelles were investigated using the stopped flow technique. The relaxation time for the formation of vesicles varied from 0.09 s to several seconds depending on the concentration of the vesicle forming surfactant, while the corresponding time for the formation of hydrotrope stabilized micelles from the vesicular solution was found to be 0,24 s irrespective of the concentrations involved. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.