High resolution Sentinel-2 crop type mapping 2018- 2019 A case study in Ahmednagar district (original) (raw)
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Agroclimatological Studies of Kerala State for Application in Land Use Planning
1994
The first Section of the second Chapter di 3cusses the importance of agrolcimatological studies in general and their appliccltions in landuse planning in particular. This includes a review of the available literature in this field. The basic concepts, tile data used Hnd the metl'lods employed ill this study form the second Section of this Chapter. The third Chapter d(~als with thc1 different !Jeogmphical features of the region under study-the physiography, drainage, soil types, geomorphology and vegetation. An overview of the agro-climatology of Kerala forms the first section of the Chapter Four. Section Two of this Chapter includes tilE! inter annual variability of the water budget elements over the State computed usinO the mOtjels of Ttwrnthwaite (1948) and Thornthwaite and Mather (1955). Detailed analysis of the spatio-tllmporal vU! iation of tl1e landuse patterns forms the first Section of the fiftll Chapter. The seco,ld Soction focuses on the spatiotemporal variation of agriculturallanduse the cropping pattern, cropping intensity and crop combination regions. The first Section of the sixth Chapter presents the delineation of the different agroclimatic zones of Kerala State based on climate, soil, physiography, geomorphology and vegetation. An optimum Icllldu~,e pattern for Kerala State is proposed in tl1e next Section This includes better crop combinations and. different 3 cropping patterns based on the effective agricultllral potentials of the areas, so that sustainable agricultural development of the region is achieved. The seventll Chapter gives the ~)umrnary of the VJork CarriE!d out baseci on the results obtained from tt1E: study. It alsc il1corporc tes HI13 cl)l1cluslons dl"awn ancl tl•1e suggestions made based on the results of the investigCltions. 10 Raman and Murthy (1971) worked out wator availability periods for 200 Indian stations using Cocheme and Franquine (1967) method. Subramaniam and Umadevi (1983) and Subramaniam and Raju (1986) have also used this method to deSignate water availability periods for a few stations in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. International Crop Research Institute for Semi-,\rid Tropics (ICR.ISAT) used Troll's technique (1965) for the classification of semi-ari(j tropics of Inqja. Chaudhary and Sarwade (1982) made some refinements in tile method and ctemarcated various homoclines in the country. De Martonnes method (19:~6) was used by Pramanik et al (1952) and Krishnan and Shankarnarayan (1964) for classification of the climate for Rajasthan. National Agricultural Commission (1976) used monthly rainfall as the parameter and identified five climatic types in India. Planning Commission has adopted the agroclimatic regions as basis for Clgricultural planning. Soil characteristics, physical conditions, topography, rainfall and water availability, cropping pattern, climate and status of development of irrigation have been ttle principal characteristics used for regionalisation (Alag 198B). The National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land usa Planning (NBSS&LUP) has divided India into agro-ecological regions based on climatic and ecological conditions (Murthy and Panday 1978). The same organisation has now updated and divided India into agro-ecological regions based on physiography, soil, climate and length of growing period (Sehgal et al; 1990). 11 Many studies have been conducted on agroclimatic aspects on regional scales in India. To mention a few significant studies me tllH water balance approach in
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014
The Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies bimonthly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data of 8×8 km spatial resolution for the period of 1982-2006 were analyzed to detect the trends of crop phenology metrics (start of the growing season (SGS), seasonal NDVI amplitude (AMP), seasonally integrated NDVI (SiNDVI)) during kharif season (June to October) and their relationships with the amount of rainfall and the number of rainy days over Indian subcontinent. Direction and magnitude of trends were analyzed at pixel level using the Mann-Kendall test and further assessed at meteorological subdivision level using field significance test (α=0.1). Significant pre-occurrence of the SGS was observed over northern (Punjab, Haryana) and central (Marathwada, Vidarbha and Madhya Maharashtra) parts, whereas delay was found over southern (Rayalaseema, Coastal Andhra Pradesh) and eastern (Bihar, Gangetic West Bengal and Sub-Himalayan West Bengal) parts of India. North, west, and central India showed significant increasing trends of SiNDVI, corroborating the kharif food grain production performance during the time frame. Significant temporal correlation (α=0.1) between the rainfall/number of rainy days and crop phenology metrics was observed over the rainfed region of India. About 35-40 % of the study area showed significant correlation between the SGS and the rainfall/number of rainy days during June to August. June month rainfall/number of rainy days was found to be the most sensitive to the SGS. The amount of rainfall and the number of rainy days during monsoon were found to have significant influence over the SiNDVI in 24-30 % of the study area. The crop phenology metrics had significant correlation with the number of rainy days over the larger areas than that of the rainfall amount.
Agricultural variation in cropping and irrigation intensity in western part of Rajasthan
Journal of Agriculture and Ecology, 2021
Climate change adversely affects human health due to fluctuations in temperature, rainfall pattern and natural hazards etc. The impact of climate change is also on agriculture where food security is greatly affected by climate change. The present paper deals with change in cropping and irrigation intensity in western part of Rajasthan due to climate change. The study includes comparison of cropping intensity and irrigation intensity of 12 districts of Rajasthan and found that Jhunjhunu have the highest cropping intensity from 2006 to 2016 which means a higher portion of the net area is being cropped more than once during one agricultural year. While, Barmer recorded the lowest cropping intensity for both years 2006 and 2016. Sikar did not show change in cropping intensity in this duration while churu had a decline in cropping intensity from 2006 to 2016. Further, Sri Ganganagar district have an increase in cropping intensity in 2015-2016 as compared to 2006-2007. Jaisalmer and Hanum...
The study was carried out to estimate the area of various kharif crops using Landsat-8 satellite images data during 2014. District boundary was overplayed on the images and all the data elements (pixels) within this area were extracted for further analysis. Multi-layer stacks were prepared for kharif season using two-date images of the season. Multiphase unsupervised classification approach Iterative Self-organizing Data Analysis Technique (ISODATA) Clustering classifier was used and classes of interest were identified using ground truth information collected using hand held GPS. Mask of mixed classes was prepared and image under the mask was reclassified. The reclassification process was continued till the classes of interest were segregated. NDVI is created and used for analysis purpose to increase classification accuracy. Kharif season cropping pattern maps and statistics were generated using classified images and applying logical combinations. During Kharif season Rice (Oryza sativa) and Cotton (Gossypium spp.) are two of the major crops which occupies 95.606 and 70.134 (000' ha.), respectively. Some other crops like Guar, Bajra, Horticulture crops etc. were also identified during this period but Rice and Cotton crops were the major crops identified during kharif season in the district.
Regional study of variation in croping and irrigation intensity in Rajasthan state, India
Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research, 2017
Agriculture is the primary activity which directly or indirectly influences the other activities. It play vital role to achieve the self-sufficiency in each sector or economy. Irrigation plays a crucial role in farming for those areas suffering from irregular pattern of rainfall. Rajasthan is the state of India which usually faces the drought condition as the monsoon gets fall. The farming in this state totally depends on the irrigation. This paper includes the district-wise distribution of cropping intensity and irrigation intensity including the comparison of 2013-2014 with the year 2006-2007.
CHANGING CROPPING PATTERN IN PANCHAGANGA BASIN, MAHARASHTRA: A GEOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATION
Cropping pattern simply means the proportion of area under different crops at a point of time, whereas changes in cropping pattern refer to change in proportion of area under different crops at two different times. Present paper aims to study cropping pattern and changes therein for individual crops in general and irrigated crops in particular in the region. The selected region for the present investigation is the 'Panchaganga Basin' of south Maharashtra state comprising 7 tahsils of Kolhapur district, Maharashtra. For the present investigation, data regarding area under different crops has been compiled from SocioEconomic Review and District Statistical Abstracts of Kolhapur District, 1973-78 and 2003-08. When we include sugarcane, fruits and vegetables, condiments and spices, the total food crops has occupy about 77.43 per cent during the period 2001-05. Among the non-food crops groundnut shares (9.22%) major area. The share of sugarcane has increased by 10.03 percent on the contrary the share of sereals has decreased by 12.34 percent.
KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information
Climate-induced risks are very significant in these days and will impact the agriculture crop production because of the change in hydro-climatic condition. Remote sensing and GIS framework provide scientific understanding in practical application systems with the sustainable solution in new climate change reality and support significantly in resilience to mitigate the future risk. The paper deals with long-term (1970-2000) monthly thematic datasets and analyzed the seasonal (kharif, rabi and zaid) pattern of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and aridity index to scale of district level of India. Additionally, we have used the predicted (2025) monthly precipitation anomalies data (climate change scenario) to examine the seasonal precipitation pattern at the district level of India. The major agriculture crops (rice, wheat, and maize) for the year 2005 were also evaluated during those seasons. Such analysis gives better understanding and knowledge of district-wise seasonal spatial pattern at country level (India) of climate stress, crop water demand and suitably applied to make strategies/ synergic approach toward agriculture resilience. The long-term seasonal aridity index pattern analysis varies significantly throughout India during kharif, rabi and zaid seasons which were manifested by cropping pattern adopted by farmers as per land potentiality. Several districts in some of the states of India receive adequate precipitation during kharif season and manifest low aridity index in rabi and zaid season which can be recommended for rainwater conservation at the watershed level to boost the agriculture crop production. Farmer's suicide hot spot districts in the arid and semiarid regions need policy intervention to develop a concrete plan including integrated watershed management strategies with traditional ecological knowledge for long-term sustainable management for climate resilience because these districts showed significantly low aridity index value in all seasons. The remote sensing and GIS-based evaluation/results of this study in conjugation with in situ ancillary datasets will support significantly to address the climate-induced risk of farmers to achieve sustainability in food security, enhancing the livelihood, eradication of poverty and magnifying the farm household resilience.