Antiproliferative Effects of Psidium Guajava Leaf Extract on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells (original) (raw)
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Psidium guajava L. anti-neoplastic effects: induction of apoptosis and cell differentiation
Cell Proliferation, 2012
Objectives: Curative properties of medicinal plants such as Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) have often been indicated by epidemiological studies on populations in which these fruits are consumed daily. However, complete characterization of the active principles responsible for this ability has never been performed. Here, we have characterized P. guajava's anti-cancer potential and identified the parts of the fruit involved in its anti-neoplastic action. Materials and methods: We studied morphology of our cells, cell cycle characteristics and apoptosis and performed immunostaining, differentiation and western blot analyses. Results: We report that the P. guajava extract exerted anti-cancer control on both haematological and solid neoplasias. P. guajava extract's antitumour properties were found to be tightly bound to induction of apoptosis and differentiation. Use of ex vivo myeloid leukaemia blasts corroborated that P. guajava was able to induce cell death but did not exhibit anti-cancer effects on all malignant cells investigated, indicating selective activity against certain types of tumour. Analyses of P. guajava pulp, peel and seeds identified the pulp as being the most relevant component for causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, whereas peel was responsible for causing cell differentiation. P. guajava itself and its pulpderived extract were found to induce apoptosis accompanied by caspase activation and p16, p21, Fas ligand (FASL TNF super-family, member 6), Bcl-2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) and tumour necrosis factor receptor super-family, member 10b (DR5), overexpression. Conclusions: Our findings showed that P. guajava L. extract was able to exert anti-cancer activity on cultures in vitro and ex vivo, supporting the hypothesis of its anti malignant pro-apoptotic modulation.
Anticancer Properties of Psidium guajava - a Mini-Review
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2016
Cancer is a complex disease caused by a progressive accumulation of multiple genetic mutations. Consumption of fruits is associated with lower risk of several cancers, which is mainly associated to their phytochemical content. The use of functional foods and chemopreventive compounds seems to contribute in this process, acting by mechanisms of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and hormonal. The Psidium Guajava has high potential functional related to pigments who are involved in the process of cancer prevention by having antioxidant activity. The aim of the present review is to expose some chemical compounds from P. Guajava fractions and their association with anti-carcinogenic function. The evidences supports the theory of anticancer properties of P. Guajava, although the mechanisms are still not fully elucidated, but may include scavenging free radicals, regulation of gene expression, modulation of cellular signalling pathways including those involved in DNA damage r...
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2020
The chief focus of our study is to evaluate the phytochemical and anti-cancer activity of methanol (PGM) and chloroform extracts (PGC) of the leaves of Psidium guajava (guava) collected from local area of district Sialkot, Pakistan. Shade dried milled leaves was subjected to extraction (maceration) with methanol and chloroform. Quantitative and qualitative screenings by GC-MS and phytochemical techniques were performed. Then different secondary metabolites and phytochemical compounds were identified which are typically associated with the existence of therapeutic characteristics. Psidium guajava has been extensively used as herbal remedies like, anti-diarrheal, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antifungal as well as to control obesity, ulcer, diabetes. In this study, both extracts of P. guajava were evaluated for their anticancer activities against HeLa cell-lines (cancerous cells). The healthiest anticancer response in the form of cell-line suppression was perceived with 200µg/mL of both extracts, PGM showed 81% and PGC exhibited 91% while the standard drug doxorubicin presented around 76% inhibition. The comparative better result was seen with chloroform extract than methanolic abstract. In conclusion, the chloroform and methanol extracts of our nominated plant from Pakistan origin has a good source of phytochemicals that revealed an outstanding anti-cancer potential.
The aim of this study is to highlight some of the biological activities of methanol extract of Psidium guajava fruit peel. phytochemical screening of four extracts of P. guajava (Aqueous, Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Hexane) were analyzed, among the four extracts only in methanol more activities were noticed. The results of the methanolic extracts showed the presence of phenol, flavonoids, alkaloids and steroid. Where as in other extracts these compounds were not found. Antioxidant activity of P. guajava revealed the highest scavenging activity in methanol fruit peel extract when compare to other extracts using DPPH Assay. The results of antibacterial activity of the tested methanol fruit peel extract against four pathogenic bacterial strains such as Salmonella typhi (10.5±2.8), Escherichia coli (10.8±2.7), Proteus mirabilis (10.5±2.8) and Shigella flexneri (10.8±2.7) (Gram-ve) followed by disc diffusion method. Anticancer activity of (breast cancer MCF-7) of P. guajava methanol fruit peel extract was carried out MCF-7 cell line against normal cell line. At end of 48 hrs of 125µg/ml, 49.20% cell viability was observed by following MTT Assay. Based on the anticancer activity the functional group of the active components present in the P. guajava fruit peel FTIR spectrum was obtained. From this study it is understood that the active compound present in the P. guajava fruit peel extract could be a potent source of natural antioxidants which are of great importance as therapeutic agent in preventing or slowing down the progress of ageing, age associated oxidative stress and related degenerative diseases. Further research is recommended for better characterization of important constituents responsible for antioxidant and anticancer activity.
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antitumor Activity of Ethanolic Extract of the Psidium guajava Leaves
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
Psidium guajava L. has extensive use in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of phenolic, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, leathality assay and antibacterial and antitumoral activities of the extract of P. guajava. In the dry guava extract there were high levels of phenolics (766.08 ± 14.52 mg/g), flavonoids (118.90 ± 5.47 mg/g) and antioxidant activity (87.65%). The LD50 was 185.15 µg/ml. The MIC value was 250 µg/ml for Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis. IC50 of the extract tested in the HeLa, RKO and Wi cell lines was 15.6 ± 0.8 µg/ml, 21.2 ± 1.1 µg/ml and 68.9 ± 1.5 µg/ml, respectively. The results of all analyses allow us to conclude that the dry extract of guava leaves has promising activity to be applied topically in the oral cavity or in the development of antitumor formulation or even be used as a functional food.
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antitumor Activity of Ethanolic Extract of the Psidium guajava Leaves
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
Psidium guajava L. has extensive use in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of phenolic, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, leathality assay and antibacterial and antitumoral activities of the extract of P. guajava. In the dry guava extract there were high levels of phenolics (766.08 ± 14.52 mg/g), flavonoids (118.90 ± 5.47 mg/g) and antioxidant activity (87.65%). The LD50 was 185.15 µg/ml. The MIC value was 250 µg/ml for Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis. IC50 of the extract tested in the HeLa, RKO and Wi cell lines was 15.6 ± 0.8 µg/ml, 21.2 ± 1.1 µg/ml and 68.9 ± 1.5 µg/ml, respectively. The results of all analyses allow us to conclude that the dry extract of guava leaves has promising activity to be applied topically in the oral cavity or in the development of antitumor formulation or even be used as a functional food.
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014
Psidium guajava L. has extensive use in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of phenolic, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, leathality assay and antibacterial and antitumoral activities of the extract of P. guajava. In the dry guava extract there were high levels of phenolics (766.08 ± 14.52 mg/g), flavonoids (118.90 ± 5.47 mg/g) and antioxidant activity (87.65%). The LD50 was 185.15 µg/ml. The MIC value was 250 µg/ml for Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis. IC50 of the extract tested in the HeLa, RKO and Wi cell lines was 15.6 ± 0.8 µg/ml, 21.2 ± 1.1 µg/ml and 68.9 ± 1.5 µg/ml, respectively. The results of all analyses allow us to conclude that the dry extract of guava leaves has promising activity to be applied topically in the oral cavity or in the development of antitumor formulation or even be used as a functional food.
J. Med. Plant. …, 2010
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava and Piper betle plants on the proliferation of cancerous cell lines, that is, KB and HeLa cell line. Using the neutral red cytotoxicity assay, the IC 50 of P. guajava and P. betle were determined at 29.0 ± 0.4 and 29.5 ± 0.3 µg/ml, respectively, indicating both plant extracts equally potent for the treatment of cancerous oral epidermal lesions. However, a less potent anti -proliferative activity was recorded by P. guajava towards HeLa cell line with an IC 50 of 51.0 ± 0.6 µg/ml, whereas P. betle extract did not affect the proliferation of HeLa.
e methanol crude extract of the bark of Psidium guajava (guava) previously displayed interesting cytotoxic effects on a panel of human cancer cell lines. In the present work, we plan to determine the toxicological effects of this guava botanical in Wistar rats. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was carried out by administration of a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight to female rats in 14 days. Subacute toxicity was conducted by oral administration of the extract at daily doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/ kg body weight, respectively, while rats in the control group received no extract. After 28 days of treatment, animals were sacrificed for hematological and biochemical studies. In the acute toxicity study, no mortality or signs of toxicity were recorded; hence, the median lethal dose (LD 50) of the Psidium guajava bark extract is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. For the subacute toxicity study, significant variations in body weight, relative weight of organs, and biochemical parameters were observed in the animals treated at different doses of the plant extract compared to control animals. Histopathological analyses showed minor liver inflammation in females treated at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg). ese results suggest that intake of a single high dose of the Psidium guajava bark extract is nontoxic, but repeat administration could exhibit mild organ toxicity.