Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in edible foods in Osun River (original) (raw)
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African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2015
A study was conducted on commercially important fish species of heavy metals in water bodies. The primary objectives were to find out the amount of heavy metals concentration in the fish species, sediments and water samples at the deep and shallow part of the river, to determine the toxicity and relationship between the collected samples and the rate at which it pollutes the water. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) evaluates their wholesomeness for human consumption. Four heavy metals (lead, cadmium, copper and zinc) were analyzed and only copper and zinc were found to be present in the digested samples. The concentration of copper in the fish (flesh) was 0.09 mg/l and that of zinc was 0.25 mg/l. In the bone samples, copper was found to have 0.17 mg/l and zinc 0.22 mg/l. In the water samples analyzed, the concentration of copper is 0.035 mg/l while that of zinc is 0.047 mg/l. In the sediment sample, the amount of copper is 310.0 mg/kg while that of zinc is 2050.0 mg/kg. This...
Environmental monitoring and Assessment, Springer, 2024
The study investigates the occurrence and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in water, sedi- ment, fish, and prawn from the Ojo River with a view to identify the source of origin and the associ- ated ecological and human health risks. The result shows that heavy metal concentrations in water [As = 0.010, Cd = 0.001, Cr = 0.041, Cu = 0.019, Co = 0.050, Fe = 0.099, Pb = 0.006, Ni = 0.003, and Zn = 0.452(mg/L)] were within the acceptable lim- its. The heavy metals in the sediment [As = 0.050, Cd = 0.287, Cr = 0.509, Cu = 0.207, Co = 0.086, Fe = 33.093, Pb = 0.548, Ni = 0.153 and Zn = 4.249 [mg/kg)] were within their respective background levels or earth’s crust and the TEL and PEL stand- ard limits. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish and prawn tissues are in this hierarchical form: Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Co>Pb>Ar>Cd and Fe> Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Ar>Ni>Co>Cd, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors of heavy metals in fish ranged from 0.893 - 16.611 and 1.056 - 49.204 in prawn, which were higher than the biota-sedimen- tation factors (BSAF) values, inferring that the fish and prawns of this study ingested heavy metals highly from water column. The aggregated BSAF scores (fish=5.584 and prawn=9.137) showed that these organisms are good concentrators of heavy metals in sediments. The water quality index and other pol- lution indices (Single pollution index, Heavy metal assessment index, and Heavy metal pollution index) demonstrates slightly clean water, with a moder- ate level of contamination. The HI values of heavy metals in water, fish, and prawn were lower than 1, implying non-carcinogenic risk in children or adults. The ADD and EDI values of the metals were within their respective oral reference doses (RfD). The TCR values showed that exposure to water, either by inges- tion or dermal absorption and the consumption of P. obscura and M. vollenhovenii from the Ojo River would not induce cancer risks in people, though As, Cr, Cd, and Pb showed carcinogenic potentials. The sediment contamination indices such as CF, mCd, EF, and Igeo showed a moderate level of pollution. The ecological risk values (NMPI, mCd=0.068, PLI=0.016, and R.I=86.651) of heavy metals implies “no-moderate risk” except for Cd, which showed high risk. The ecotoxicological parameters, m-PEL-Q (0.024) and m-ERM-Q (0.016) denotes low contamination and no probability of acute tox- icity. The CV analysis showed high dispersions and variabilities in the distributions of the heavy metals in water. Other source analyses (Pearson’s correla- tion matrix, PCA, and HCA) showed that both natural processes and anthropogenic activities are responsi- ble for the occurrence of heavy metals in water and sediment from the Ojo River.
Ikpoba River is the ultimate recipient for municipal waste and industrial effluent in Benin City, samples of water, sediment and fish were collected at five different locations in the river for some selected heavy metal analysis in order to determine the extent of pollution. Samples were collected in June, July and August 2013. The heavy metals were determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). In water the heavy metal concentration were found to be in the order, Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd the mean concentration of heavy metal in the water ranged from 0.024±0.004 to 0.064±0.07mg/L, 0.022±0.002 to 0.042±0.002mg/L and 0.007±0.002 to 0.020±0.002mg/L, for Lead, Copper and Zinc respectively. Cadmium were below detection limit of the equipment used. In sediment the concentration of heavy metal were found to be in the following order Cu>Zn>Pb>Cd. The mean concentration of heavy metal in sediment ranged from 0.233±0.060 to 0.704±0.162µg/g, 0.207±0.016 to 0.432±0.041µg/g, 0.081±0.029µg/g to 0.252±0.027µg/g and 0.098±0.004 to 0.138±0.037µg/g, for Copper, Zinc, Lead and Cadmium respectively. The concentration of heavy metal in fish followed the order Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu, the mean concentration of heavy metal in the fish ranged from 0.387±0.014µg/g to 0.646±0.079µg/g, 0.247±0.057 to 0.394±0.074µg/g, 0.148±0.009µg/g to 0.176±0.006µg/g and 0.049±0.007 to 0.065±0.005µg/g for Zinc, Lead, Cadmium and Copper respectively. Most of the heavy metal determine were below the maximum permissible limit set by FEPA and WHO except Lead whose mean concentration was above the WHO and FEPA standard of 0.01mg/L for water and the maximum permissible limit of 0.3µg/g of FOA for fish.
Heavy Metals Concentration in Fish and Water of River Osse Benin City Nigeria
The aim of this study was to assess the heavy metals concentration on fish and potable water in River Osse (Nigeria). The need to provide good and potable water for domestic uses, protection of people and fisheries health and to ensure sustainability of the environment was a great and urgent concern in the Osse community for who the River represents their source of water supply. To this aim, fish and water samples were collected at three different points. Four metals (chromium Cr, copper Cu, nickel Ni and vanadium V) in the fish and water were analysed. The mean concentration values recorded in the fishes were in the range of 0.0667-0.2467mg/kg for Cr, 6.15-18.32mg/kg for Cu, 12.41-27.75mg/kg for Ni, and 0.2133-0.3500mg/kg for V. while the corresponding mean values recorded for water are in the range of 0-0.02mg/l for Cr, 0.17-0.19mg/l for Cu, 0.51-0.59mg/l for Ni, and 0-0.02mg/l of V. Significant differences (P< 0.05) were recorded between heavy metals levels in fish caught at the three points and in the water samples. The results of this research showed that the concentrations of Ni and Cr for fish exceeded the recommended limit set by FAO for fish and fishery product. The concentration of Ni exceeded the recommended limit set by WHO for potable drinking water, while the corresponding concentration of V exceeded limit reported by the Department of Petroleum Resources in freshwater environments in Nigeria.
2020
Aim: To assess and compare the levels of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead, in common seafoods (mudskippers, periwinkle and Shrimp) consumed in Rivers state obtained from different creeks of Rivers State Nigeria. Study Design: Commonly consumed seafoods in Rivers State: Periopthalmus barbarous (mudskipper), Pandalus borealis (shrimp) and Tympanotonus fucatus (periwinkle) were collected at 5 different occasions from each of the study location (creek): Eagle Island, Iwofe, Bodo and Borokiri creeks in Rivers State. Eagle Island and Iwofe creeks are in Obio/Apkor and Degema LGA respectively, Borokiri Creek is in Port Harcourt LGA while Bodo creek is located in Gokana LGA. Study Area: The study was carried out in the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University between the periods of June, 2018 – March, 2019. Samples of seafoods were Original Research Article Elekima et al.; JAMPS, 22(10): 29-39, 2020; Article no.JAMPS.63492 30 collected from Bodo, Eagle Island, Bor...