Fate of Environmental Pollutants (original) (raw)
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Frontiers in Water
With their large, diverse microbial communities chronically exposed to sub-inhibitory antibiotic concentrations, wastewater treatment works (WWTW) have been deemed hotspots for the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, with growing concern about the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) into receiving surface waters. This study explored (1) the prevalence of ARG and ARB in local WWTW, (2) the effect of sub-inhibitory antimicrobial exposure on ARG copy numbers in pure cultures from WWTW, and (3) two WWTW with different treatment configurations. For each WWTW, qPCR determined the prevalence ofmcr3, sul1, sul2, andblaKPCduring the treatment process, and culture methods were used to enumerate and identify ARB. Bacterial colonies isolated from effluent samples were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and their respective minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined. These were compared to the MICs of whole c...
Emerging pollutants treatments in wastewater: The cases of antibiotics and hormones.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 52: 235-253, 2017
Because of the intensive use of pharmaceutical substances in human life, studies on the detection of these chemical compounds and their metabolites as pollutants in water bodies are continuously reported. Some pharmaceutical agents are associated with adverse effects to aquatic life, even at very low concentrations (ng L−1 to μg L−1). For instance, the presence of antibiotics and hormones has been associated with increasing proliferation of antibiotic resistant pathogens and feminization and masculinization of some aquatic organisms. Currently, new attempts are being made to minimize or fully remove these types of pollutants from aquatic systems to protect the environment and human health. In this regard, physicochemical and biological treatments are among the most promising technologies for the treatment of wastewater containing pharmaceutical pollutants. These treatments are green alternatives for the degradation of hazardous organic compounds into nontoxic by-products. Here, we review some of the physicochemical and biological treatment methods used for the removal of the most extensively used antibiotics and hormones. Enzymatic oxidation, photocatalysis and electrochemical oxidation are described in terms of the aforementioned pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs). The use of membrane technologies to separate different groups of antibiotics and hormones prior to biologic or physicochemical treatment methods is also addressed.
Water research, 2018
Emerging contaminants, such as antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, hormones, and artificial sweeteners, are recognized as new classes of water contaminants due to their proven or potential adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. This review provides comprehensive data on the occurrence of 60 emerging contaminants (ECs) in influent, treated effluent, sludge, and biosolids in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In particular, data on the occurrence of ECs in the influents and effluents of WWTPs are systematically summarized and categorized according to geographical regions (Asia, Europe, and North America). The occurrence patterns of ECs in raw influent and treated effluents of WWTPs between geographical regions were compared and evaluated. Concentrations of most ECs in raw influent in Asian region tend to be higher than those in European and North American countries. Many antibiotics were detected in the influents and effluents of WWTPs at concentra...
Wastewater Treatment Plants; Hot Spots of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment
Research Journal of Microbiology, 2023
Background and Objective: The Wupa wastewater treatment plant is a major sewage treatment plant in Abuja, Nigeria's capital. While, the Shahe Reservoir treatment plant is a major treatment plant in Beijing, China's capital. In this study, the quantification of selected antibiotics, the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes and physicochemical parameters were assayed for both study areas. Materials and Methods: Samples from both treatment plants were collected for physicochemical and molecular studies. Samples were analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD). Antibiotic residues were detected by the Solid Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography Method (SPE-LM). While antibiotics resistance genes were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: About seventeen different antibiotics were detected with Ciprofloxacin having the highest concentration. Antibiotic resistance genes, Beta-lactam (bla OXA-1), Sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) and mobile genetic element, Class1 integron (Int1) were amplified from both study areas. Conclusion: Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes were confirmed in the study. The intl-1 gene, amplified for samples from both study areas may facilitate the proliferation and propagation of some antibiotic-resistant genes ARGs in this environment and represents public health risks. The need for control of potential ARG contamination is recommended.
Frontiers in microbiology, 2018
The occurrence of new chemical and microbiological contaminants in the aquatic environment has become an issue of increasing environmental concern. Thus, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important part in the distribution of so-called new emerging pathogens and antibiotic resistances. Therefore, the daily loads released by the WWTP were calculated including a model system for the distribution of these loads within the receiving water body. UV-, as well as ozone-treatment in separate or in combination for wastewater treatment were under investigation aiming at the reduction of these loads. Here, the impact of these treatments on the DNA integrity via antibody staining and PCR efficiencies experiments were included. All three facultative pathogenic bacteria [enterococci (), ), and ()] and seven clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) ( (methicillin resistance gene), (β- lactame resistance gene), (erythromycine resistance gene), (β- lactame resistance gene), (...