Biochemical study of root extract of Withania somnifera (L.)plant through HPLC analysis (original) (raw)
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The Indian Himalayan region (BHR), one of the richest reservoirs of biological diversity in the world, is undergoing irrational extraction of wild, medicinal herbs, thus endangering many of its high value gene stock. Withonia somnifera L. (Dunal) is a member of solanaceae, also known for thousands of years by Ayurvedic practitioners. Withania somnifera root contains flavonoids, alkaloids, steroid and many active functional ingredients. Withania somnifera consists of very high concentration of secondary metabolites that can be also known as bioreactors like steroidal lactones, alkaloids and flavonoides, which have effective properties and they used in ninety commercially Ayurvedic formulations. Withania sominfera are propagated in northern western region of Madhaya Pradesh in India, on about 400 ha. But the risks of fungal infections are very high in these plants. Withania sominifera having small white flowers mainly in rainy and winter seasons that can be develop into fruit during the winter seasons. Plants products can be obtained from the roots, leaves, and branches, by using many different biological techniques. Withania which is also known as Ashwagandha having effective property can also used in blends and supplements which are designed to show many multiple effects. It is described as an herbal tonic and health food in Vedas and considered as 'Indian Ginseng' in traditional Indian system of medicine.
Journal of chromatographic science, 2015
A comprehensive experiment was conducted to study the accumulation pattern and determination of three important bioactive compounds namely withaferin-A (WA), 12-deoxywithastramonolide (WO) and withanolide-A (WD) and its determination by the liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS-MS) method in root, stem, fruits and leaves of Withania somnifera. A rapid and sensitive LC-ESI-MS-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of these three important bioactive compounds, having same molecular weight. The multiple reaction monitoring method was established by two transitions for each analyte and intense transition used for quantification. Separation of the three analytes was achieved within a run time of 5 min on an RP-18 column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% acetic acid in water in an isocratic condition. The developed method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. The developed method was found to be sui...
The Indian Himalayan region (BHR), one of the richest reservoirs of biological diversity in the world, is undergoing irrational extraction of wild, medicinal herbs, thus endangering many of its high value gene stock. Withonia somnifera L. (Dunal) is a member of solanaceae, also known for thousands of years by Ayurvedic practitioners. Withania somnifera root contains flavonoids, alkaloids, steroid and many active functional ingredients. Withania somnifera consists of very high concentration of secondary metabolites that can be also known as bioreactors like steroidal lactones, alkaloids and flavonoides, which have effective properties and they used in ninety commercially Ayurvedic formulations. Withania sominfera are propagated in northern western region of Madhaya Pradesh in India, on about 400 ha. But the risks of fungal infections are very high in these plants. Withania sominifera having small white flowers mainly in rainy and winter seasons that can be develop into fruit during the winter seasons. Plants products can be obtained from the roots, leaves, and branches, by using many different biological techniques. Withania which is also known as Ashwagandha having effective property can also used in blends and supplements which are designed to show many multiple effects. It is described as an herbal tonic and health food in Vedas and considered as 'Indian Ginseng' in traditional Indian system of medicine.
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Family: Solanaceae; common name-Aswagandha, a plant species with immense therapeutic uses) var. ‘Poshita’and ‘Jawahar 22’ (recommended varieties) were assessed for their chemical contents (amount of total alkaloids and withanolide was estimated; withaferin A and withanolide A content were quantified by HPLC) under in vitro culture conditions in 3 different stages of callus development (stage I – undifferentiated callus, stages II and III – differentiated callus) on MS medium with different hormonal (BA, kin, 2,4-D, IAA, IBA) combinations using epicotyl, shoot tip and leaf explants with the objective of developing a suitable protocol which ensure production of specific stipulated amount of secondary metabolites in a quick span of time. Results obtained were discussed. Stage III of callus development yielded the maximum amount of secondary metabolites. The yield of alkaloids, withanolides and withaferin A were maximum in leaf explants while that of withanolide A was highest in cultures initiated from epicotyl explants, although the medium composition varied for each variety.
Pharmaweb
Many medicinal plants are used in modern medicine where they occupy a very significant place as raw material for important drugs and plants used in traditional system of medicine in pharmaceutical houses are collected from wild sources (Audu et al., 2007). Two varieties of Ashwagandha i.e. var WS-134 and var WS-20 were cultivated by farmers for herbal drugs are selected for present research. The level of withanolide-A was generally higher in the roots of treated plants than that in control plants of WS-134. GA and GA+IAA seem to be very effective treatments.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
Objective: Metabolomic profiling of herbal extracts is indispensable to standardize drugs and to inaugurate the scientific basis of their therapeutic properties. The present study was attempted with an objective to investigate a comparative GC-MS (Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry) analysis of in vitro and field grown leaf tissues of "Indian ginseng". Methods: GC-MS often serves the methods of option for screening and quantitative metabolite profiling. In the present study, metabolic profiling of methanolic extracts of field and in vitro cultured Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) leaf tissues were carried out using GC-MS technique. Results: A total number of 39 primary metabolites in leaf were identified. These include alcohols, organic acids, purine, pyrimidine, sugars and putrescine. Highly significant qualitative and quantitative differences were noticed between the leaf tissues cultured in vitro and from the field. Especially, significant elevation in the accumulation of GABA (γ amino butyric acid) and putrescine was recorded in in vitro cultured leaf samples. Conclusion: We conclude that in vitro cultures offers an intrinsic advantage to produce therapeutically valuable compounds, relatively in a short span of time and this principle determine its use as an alternative to field grown sample.
In vitro withanolide production by Withania somnifera L. cultures
Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C, Biosciences
In vitro multiple shoots, root, callus and cell suspension cultures of Withania somnifera exhibited the potentiality to produce pharmacologically active withanolides. Multiple shoots cultures exhibited an increase in withanolide A accumulation compared to shoots of the mother plant. In vitro generated root cultures as well as callus and suspension cultures also produced withanolides albeit at lower levels.
2015
The present research work was designed to identify the phytochemical constituents of methanolic extract of roots of Withania somnifera. Withania somnifera is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine, the traditional medical system of India. It is a member of the family Solanaceae. Therapeutic importance of the different parts of this plant has a long history. Fresh mature roots were shade dried at room temperature, coarse powdered and extracted with methanol by Soxhlet's extraction method. Thereafter, the extract was concentrated using rotary flash evaporator to obtain semisolid crude extract with the yield of 10.682%. Withania somnifera root extract was investigated for the presence of phytochemical constituents. The preliminary phytochemical evaluation of the Withania somnifera root extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, carbohydrates, tannins, steroids and starch.