Primary Renal Neoplasia of Dogs (original) (raw)

Renal cell carcinoma in a dog: pathologic and cytologic findings.

This study presents a dog with a history of anorexia, vomiting and abdominal distention of one week duration. Abdominal palpation revealed a mass in the right abdominal quadrant. Laboratory abnormalities included slight anaemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminaemia, hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia and metabolic acidosis. Urine was reddish in color with 3+ protein and blood reaction, 2+ leukocyte, and 2+ glucose. Erythrocytes and leukocytes casts and innumerous renal and transitional epithelial were present. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a solitary mass taking the place of right kidney. Urine sediment cytology revealed large clusters of markedly pleomorphic cells. Mitotic figures in some cells were observed. A large tumour mass was found at laparotomy. The right kidney was replaced by this massive ball shaped tumour. Unilateral nephrectomy was performed and renal cell carcinoma was diagnosed by microscopic examination.

A case report of renal cell carcinoma in a dog

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 2013

Mix renal carcinoma was noticed during the necropsic examination of a 14 year old mix breed female. Tumours were bilateral and metastasis was noticed in the spleen and myocard. Histological examination evidenced morphological aspects characteristic to the mixt renal carcinoma. Histological aspects described in this individual characterize renal cell carcinoma, also known as renal adenocarcinoma, hypernephroma or, in older literature, Grawitz tumour.

Renal nephroblastoma in an adult dog- a case report

2014

A nine year old, intact female German shepherd dog was presented with the complaint of melena. The dog was anorectic, lethargic and cachectic. Physical examination and radiography revealed the presence of a large mid-dorsal intra-abdominal mass. Laboratory findings and diagnostic ultrasound marked the suspicious involvement of the right kidney. Renal neoplasm was suspected and an exploratory celiotomy was done. The mass was spread over the sublumbar region and was found to have originated from the right kidney. Excision of the tumor mass, along with unilateral nephrectomy, was done and the surgical recovery was uneventful. Histopathological examination led to the diagnosis of stage ΙΙΙ renal nephroblastoma with unfavorable histology. The potential clinical and pathological manifestations of canine renal nephroblastoma in an adult dog have been documented. ________________________________________________________________________________________ Key words: renal nephroblastoma, Wilms ’...

Renal nephroblastoma in an adult dog

Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2020

Nephroblastoma is a type of neoplasia originating from the poor differentiation of the metanephrogenic blastema. Neoplasia of embryonic origin, which is commonly reported in dogs less than 2 years old, is rare in adults. Clinical signs include hematuria, polyuria, and palpable abdominal mass. Surgery is elective and chemotherapy depends on the stage of the disease. This paper reports a case of a 6-year-old mixed-breed male canine with a stage I nephroblastoma (according to human staging for Wilms' tumor). The patient performed clinically well and without changes in the staging examinations (i.e., thorax radiographs). The initial complete blood count revealed lymphopenia and no biochemical alterations. Abdominal ultrasound showed a vascularized formation that was cystic with no defined limits and probable origin in the left kidney and a dislocated liver and spleen. The recommended treatment was a total nephrectomy. The kidney was approximately 25.0 cm in diameter, with an irregular contour, and was covered by a capsule with brown fluid; it did not adhere to adjacent structures. The cut surface had numerous cystic structures. Following a histopathological examination, a nephroblastoma was diagnosed. The patient survived for 33 months without adjuvant chemotherapy.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of dogs with presumed primary renal lymphoma

Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2019

Objectives: To characterise the presentation, clinicopathologic data and outcome of 29 dogs with presumed primary renal lymphoma. Methods: Medical records of dogs with suspected primary renal lymphoma from 11 institutions were assessed retrospectively. Results: All dogs were substage b, and lethargy and gastrointestinal signs were common presenting complaints, as were azotaemia (n=25; 86%) and erythrocytosis (n=15; 51%) on biochemical testing. Ultrasonography typically revealed bilateral renal lesions (n=23; 79%), renomegaly (n=22; 76%) and abdominal lymphadenopathy (n=14; 48%). Chemotherapy was the only treatment in 23 dogs of which 11 responded, all considered partial response. For all dogs the median progression-free survival and median overall survival times were 10 days (range: 1 to 126) and 12 days (range: 1 to 212), respectively, and for dogs that responded to chemotherapy 41 days (range: 10 to 126) and 47 days (range: 10 to 212), respectively. Clinical Significance: Primary renal lymphoma in dogs appears to be associated with a poor prognosis and short-lived response to chemotherapy.

Canine Spinal Nephroblastoma: Long-Term Outcomes Associated with Treatment of 10 Cases (1996-2009)

Veterinary Surgery, 2011

Objective: To report clinical outcome associated with treatment of canine spinal cord nephroblastoma (CSN). Study Design: Case series. Animals: Dogs (n = 10) with histopathologically confirmed CSN. Methods: Records of dogs with CSN were reviewed and clinicopathologic, diagnostic imaging, treatment, outcome, and survival data were collected. Results: CSN resulted in clinical signs of chronic, progressive T3-L3 myelopathy in young, large breed dogs, with an overrepresentation of German Shepherd Dogs (n = 4). All CSN were located between T9 and L2. Dogs treated with cytoreductive surgery (n = 6) or radiotherapy (1) survived longer (median, 374 days; range, 226-560 days) than dogs treated palliatively (3; median, 55 days; range, 38-176 days). Tumors confined to an intradural-extramedullary (ID-EM) location were associated with superior survival (n = 6; median, 380 days; range, 176-560 days) than tumors with intramedullary (IM) involvement (n = 4; median, 140 days; range, 38-269 days). Treatment resulted in temporary improvement in neurologic function in 9 dogs, including all dogs treated surgically, but local disease progression resulted in death of 8 dogs. Conclusions: Results of this observational study suggest that surgical cytoreduction and radiotherapy are effective at improving survival in dogs with CSN, and that ID-EM tumors may be associated with a more favorable prognosis than IM neoplasms.

Immunohistochemical Characterization of 13 Canine Renal Cell Carcinomas

Veterinary Pathology, 2010

Canine renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are uncommon aggressive tumors that occur mainly in middle-aged male dogs. Their histologic classification bears no relationship with prognosis, and little information is available concerning their immunohistochemical properties. In this retrospective study, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 13 canine RCCs were retrieved from the archives, classified histologically, and evaluated immunohistochemically. The dogs were 7 males and 6 females (1 spayed) of 10 different breeds, averaging 8 years in age. The tumors were classified as papillary, tubulopapillary, papillary–cystic, solid, or sarcomatoid. All 13 tumors were immunohistochemically positive for uromodulin, 12 for c-KIT, 11 for vimentin, 9 for wide-spectrum-screening cytokeratins, 7 for cytokeratins AE1/AE3 and carcinoembryonic antigen, 4 for cytokeratins CAM 5.2, and 3 for CD10. All 3 solid RCCs expressed vimentin, c-KIT, and carcinoembryonic antigen and were negative for cytokerat...

Primary Kidney Lymphoma in a Dog

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 2022

Background: Lymphoma is a malignant lymphoid tumor originating in the lymph nodes or other solid organs and comprises 90% of all hematopoietic tumors in dogs. However, primary kidney lymphoma is rare and is associated with nonspecific clinical signs. Tumor invasion in both kidneys can cause severe clinical signs due to renal failure, complicating the patient's treatment and prognosis. The aim of this case was to report the case of a dog affected by bilateral primary kidney lymphoma. In addition, to characterize the clinical and histopathological presentation due to the intense morphological changes. Case: A 5-year-old male Poodle dog was admitted showing apathy and emesis for 5 days. On physical examination, the dog showed 10% of dehydration, reddish oral mucous membranes, poor body condition (score 1/5), uremic breath, and pain in the kidney area. Complementary tests revealed severe low white blood cells count, high BUN levels, high levels of potassium, calcium, and phosphorus (serum biochemistry). Abdominal ultrasound showed bilateral kidney enlargement. Fine needle aspiration of the mass (guided by ultrasound) revealed round cell tumor. Radiographs showed no alterations. The dog died due to his poor condition and necropsy was performed. On post-mortem examination, the kidneys were both enlarged, pale, and with an irregular subcapsular surface. The histopathological diagnostic was primary renal lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that neoplastic cells were strongly positive for anti CD20 and PAX5, while negative for CD3, supporting the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. Discussion: The diagnosis was based on clinical, complementary tests, fine needle aspiration, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. In dogs, primary kidney tumors are uncommon and usually malignant. The presence of vomiting, uremic breath, dehydration, weight loss, and erosive and ulcerative lesions on the tongue (uremic glossitis) are clinical signs of chronic renal failure, and this condition was later confirmed by laboratory tests and histopathological findings. Dogs diagnosed with extra-nodal renal lymphoma, present clinical signs such as polydipsia, polyuria, vomiting, and uremic breath in some cases. These changes are compatible with changes observed in cases of renal failure. In this case, the severe azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperkalemia were due to the neoplastic infiltration in both kidneys. Additionally, the abdominal ultrasound revealed the tumor in both kidneys. Almost 38% of dogs with renal lymphoma presented in urine evaluation normal urine density and a large amount of protein in the urine, similar to those observed in this dog. When the lesions are on both kidneys, kidney failure develops and uremic extra-renal lesions appear, as observed in this case. The prevalence of primary kidney tumors in domestic animals corresponds to less than 1% of the total of the tumors reported, and they are usually in one kidney. In dogs, almost 60-70% of lymphomas are B cells, 30-40% are T cells, and less than 1% are null cells. B-cell lymphomas usually show less aggressive behavior when compared to T-cell lymphomas. Kidney lymphoma can be included as an important cause of kidney failure, and has slow and progressive development, making early diagnosis and treatment difficult.

Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis in Two Dogs

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 2003

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis was found in two dogs, a 7-year-old male English Setter and a 11-year-old female Shetland shepherd. Affected dogs were presented for clinical examination without any specific symptoms but haematuria in case 1 and occurrence of whitish material in the urine of case 2; neoplastic disorders were discovered with ultrasonographic investigation and fine needle aspiration biopsy. Histopathological examination was carried out after nephrectomy and ureterectomy of the affected kidney of both dogs, and confirmed the diagnosis of non-invasive and low grade TCC in case 1 and of infiltrating TCC in case 2. The clinical, gross, cytological and histopathological features of these rare tumours originating from transitional epithelium of the renal pelvis are reported.