The Investigation of Submissive Behaviors and Self-Reliance Levels of Mountaineers (original) (raw)

EXAMINATION OF SELF-CONFIDENCE OF INDIVIDUALS INTERESTED IN MOUNTAINEERING AND SEARCH AND RESCUE

The aim of this study is to examine the self-confidence relevance of the individuals who mountaineer and individuals who are part of search and rescue operations. Two hundred seventy nine persons voluntarily participated in the research. The research data was collected using the self-confidence scale developed by Akın (2007). There are a total of 33 articles in the scale. The scale is composed of two factors. These are the two sub dimensions being interior self-confidence and exterior self-confidence. The data collected was analyzed through the statistical package program (SPSS 16.0) and the results were interpreted. In our study, the Cronbach's Alpha Value of the scale was calculated as 0.89. The One Way ANOVA and T-test were used in the evaluation of the research data. In the research, as regards the gender, branch, experience, age and marital status, meaningful correlations were identified. As a result, athletes who performed search and rescue have higher self-confidence than those who mountaineer. Since both fields involve risky activities, it is recommended for the athletes who are involved in outdoor sports to be encouraged to get into search and rescue operations. Regular activities and training would improve self-confidence.

A Study on Assertiveness Level of College Students Who are Doing Orienteering Sports

SSRN Electronic Journal

In essence, Assertiveness is an inclination to undertake new and daring enterprises. Namely, it’s the trait of being adventurous. Assertiveness is an important aspect of communication with others, and it’s also a decisive factor of getting engage with people. In this study, it’s aimed to exam Assertiveness level of college students who is doing Orienteering Sports in terms of some variables. This study is carried out will a survey of 7 questions regarding students’ personal information and Rathus’ Assertiveness Schedule which contents 30 questions.This study is carried out in Balikesir, Turkey during College Orienteering Sports Olympics. 192 males and 68 females (Total of 260) college students volunteered to participate with the research. Collected data is analyzed with SPSS distribution of frequency, arithmetic sequence and T-Test. Error rate in this study assumed as 0.5.According to the study, college students who are involved with Orienteering Sports have Assertiveness level of m...

Students Experience Self-Esteem Improvement During Mountaineering

Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 2008

Introduction.-Despite ample evidence in the literature of the correlation between sports participation in general and self-esteem, there is a dearth of information regarding the probable impact of specific sporting activities on self-concept. We, therefore, sought to assess the effect of mountaineering on self-esteem and its correlates in university students. Methods.-This longitudinal study recruited 54 students (male 26%, female 74%) from different universities in the capital city of Iran, Tehran. The students participated in a mountaineering program in Mt. Damavand in July 2006. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), SF-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were completed by all the participants before and after this activity. Their demographic data and mountaineering experience were also collected. Results.-Mean RSES after climbing was significantly higher than before the experience (24.78 Ϯ 2.4 vs. 23.67 Ϯ 3.3; P ϭ .002). Self-esteem was correlated with bodily pain, and its improvement was correlated with mental health and depression (P Ͻ .05). Self-esteem and its improvement were not significantly correlated with age, sex, marital status, prior personal and family history of mountaineering, past history of mountain sickness, and reaching the summit (P Ͼ .05). Conclusion.-This study showed that participation in a single mountaineering program improved students' sense of self-esteem. We suggest that taking up this activity might have benefits for students with depression.

Relationship Between Sensation Seeking and Risk-Taking Behavior on Mountain Climber

JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga

The background of the research is the importance of risk-taking behaviour for climbers in making decisions before climbing, both physically and financially. This study aims to determine the relationship between sensation seeking and mountain climbers' risk-taking behaviour. This research uses quantitative research methods. The sampling technique used was the saturated sample technique. The total population and sample consisted of 80 Jejak Angin Alas community climbers. This research data collection using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the product-moment correlation technique. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between sensation seeking and risk-taking behaviour in mountain climbers. In this case, it can be interpreted that the higher the sense of seeking possessed by mountain climbers, the higher the risk-taking behaviour they receive.

Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning

Sports

(1) Background: Individuals' psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = −0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = −0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = −0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = −0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners.

Personality Characteristics in a Population of Mountain Climbers

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine, 2014

Objective.-Mountaineering and mountain-related sports are growing in popularity and are associated with significant risk of injury. There is a perception that mountaineers possess unique personality characteristics that attract them to the sport. We aim to determine whether there are any identifiable differences between the personality characteristics of experienced mountaineers and a normal control population and to determine whether there is an association between specific personality traits and risk of injury.

Personality characteristics of mountaineers - review of the literature

Psychiatria Polska

The following paper presents the existing body of research on personality traits (within the framework of personality trait theory and Marvin Zuckerman's sensation seeking theory) of individuals engaging in high-risk sports, especially mountaineering and alpinism. In the review, two perspectives of theoretical analysis were taken into consideration: a psychological (concerning reflections on non-pathological personality characteristics of mountaineers) and a psychopathological one (concerning research on hypothetically pathological dimensions of the following traits). In both psychological and psychopathological perspective, the importance of sensation/stimulation seeking (understood as one of the personality dimensions) and deficiency of trait anxiety were analyzed. Both determinants can be linked with type T personality. In addition, numerous studies suggest that traits such as neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness may play important role in personality regulation of mountaineers. The presented reflection was supplemented by early reports referring to possible psychopathological traits, which may hypothetically indicate some personality disorders. The authors highlight the limitations of previous studies and point out possible directions of future research, in particular-necessity of including motivational factors, associated with engaging in high-risk sport activities.

Sensation seeking in Slovenian female and male mountain climbers

Our paper focuses on diff erences in sensation seeking between male and female athletes who engage in high risk sports. There are several studies (Cox, 1994; Tušak & Tušak, 2001; Erjavec, 2002), which indicate that male and female athletes are more similar than males and females in the general population, female athletes thus show more "traditionally male" characteristics. These studies mainly focus on personality, anxiety and aggression; we wanted to address these issues in the area of sensation seeking. Sensation seeking has been well researched in the area of high risk sports-males seem to have higher sensation seeking needs, but gender diff erences in high risk sports have been quite poorly investigated. Of 33 mountain climbers who participated in our research, 15 of them were male and 18 female and diff erences in age were not signifi cant. We used Zuckerman's Sensation seeking scale IV, which examines sensation seeking in terms of 5 factors-a general factor, factors of adventure and risk taking, an experience seeking factor, a disinhibition factor and a boredom susceptibility factor. There were no diff erences found between male and female mountain climbers, except for a tendency toward statistical signifi cance in the factor of disinhibition, which is consistent with some previous research. We conclude that male and female mountain climbers in Slovenia are equal in sensation seeking needs and can be treated as a homogenous sample.