Psychiatric Comorbidity Among Adolescents with Substance Use Disorder (original) (raw)
Related papers
Types of Substance Use Disorder among Adolescents- A Descriptive and Observational Study
Journal of current medical research and opinion, 2021
Background: Substance-related disorders are psychiatric disturbances developing during or following substance use, and attributable to it. Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in adolescents, is a condition in which the use of one or more substances leads to distress. It is a significant public health problem globally with a higher burden in low and middle-income countries. Objective: To determine the types of substance use disorder among adolescents. Methods and Materials: This descriptive and observational study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2016 to September 2018. Participants 75 (seventy five) Psychiatric Comorbidity among Adolescents with Substance Use Disorder patients included in the study. Data collection of Central Drug Addiction Treatment Centre (CDC), Tejgaon, Dhaka and Ashokti Punorbashon Nibash (APON), Singair, Manikganj, Bangladesh. Adolescents with Substance Use Disorder aged between 11 to 17 years. Only male patients were taken as the sample because the above-mentioned treatment facilities do not provide service for the female adolescents. There are two groups of substance-related disorders: substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders. Results: The present study aimed at assessing the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among adolescents with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) included a total of 70 adolescents. Over half (60%) of the respondents were <15 years old, and 40% of the respondents were >15 years age. The mean age of the respondents was 13.2 ± 2.1 years, and the range was 11-17 years. More than three-quarters (81.4%) of the respondents were Muslim and 14.2% Hindus. Very few were Christian and Buddhist. Around 66% of the respondents had in the primary level of education and 80% were from a joint family with 20% having 5-6 family members. About 50% of the adolescents interviewed had Tobacco Use Disorder (51.4%), followed by Cannabis Use Disorder (47.1%). Among the respondents, 22.8% had no psychiatric illness. The overall psychiatric disorders among adolescents were 77.1% (54 out of 70). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that adolescents with SUD. Understanding the relationship in etiological perspective and variables which influences the problem will help to provide intervention services for adolescents affected by SUD.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2007
This paper extends our knowledge of comorbidity of substance use disorders (SUDs) and other psychiatric disorders by examining comorbidity of specific types of SUDs and risk of comorbidity separately for abuse and dependence. The research question is whether there is specificity of risk for comorbidity for different SUDs and whether greater comorbidity is associated with dependence. Data are presented from a probability sample of 4175 youths aged 11-17 assessed with the NIMH DISC-IV and self-administered questionnaires. SUDs outcomes are alcohol, marijuana and other substances in past year. Mean number of other comorbid disorders ranged from 1.9 for marijuana abuse to 2.2 for other substance abuse and 1.9 for marijuana dependence to 2.8 for other substance dependence. None of the abuse SUDs does not increase risk of anxiety disorders, but dependence does. Both abuse and dependence increased risk of comorbid mood disorders. Similar results were observed for disruptive disorders. Patterns of comorbidity varied by substance, by abuse versus dependence, and by category of other psychiatric disorders. In general, there was greater association of comorbidity with other disorders for dependence versus abuse. Marijuana is somewhat less associated with other disorders than alcohol or other substances. The strongest association is for comorbid disruptive disorders, regardless of SUDs category. Having SUDs and comorbid other psychiatric disorders was associated with substantial functional impairment. Females with SUDs tended to have higher rates of comorbid disorders, as did older youths. There were no differences observed among ethnic groups. When comorbidity of SUDs with other disorders was examined, controlling for other non-SUDs disorders for each specific disorder examined, the greater odds for dependence versus abuse essentially disappeared for all disorders except disruptive disorders, suggesting larger number of comorbid non-SUDs in part account for the observed effects for dependence.
2021
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of substance use disorder in Iranian children and adolescents and its relationship with demographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities.Method: The data were taken from a national survey on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. The national survey was conducted on 30,532 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. The psychiatric disorders were assessed by employing k-SADS-PL questionnaire and interviews carried out by 240 clinical psychologists with the participants and their parents. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression.Results: A total of 277 (0.97%) were diagnosed as people with substance use disorder which were further studied for comorbid disorders. Among the various types of drugs, hypnotic / sedative / anti-anxiety drugs were abused by 84 people (46.15%), cannabis by 68 (37.36%) and stimulants by 43 (23.63%). The variables of gender, place...
Journal of abnormal child psychology, 1997
The relationships between specific quantities and frequencies of alcohol, cigarette, and illicit substance use and substance use (SUD) and other psychiatric disorders were investigated among 1,285 randomly selected children and adolescents, aged 9 to 18, and their parents, from the Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders (MECA) Study. Logistic regressions indicated that daily cigarette smoking, weekly alcohol consumption, and any illicit substance use in the past year were each independently associated with an elevated likelihood of diagnosis with SUD and other psychiatric disorders (anxiety, mood, or disruptive behavior disorders), controlling for sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, family income). The associations between the use of specific substances and specific psychiatric disorders varied as a function of gender.
PLoS ONE, 2021
Substance abuse is a major concern worldwide and is increasing rapidly in Bangladesh. However, there are no prior studies concerning lifestyle-related factors that influence adolescents’ substance use behavior. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence of substance use and its associated sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors among a total of 424 Bangladeshi high school-going adolescents through a structured questionnaire interview study. The survey questionnaire consisted of socio-demographics, lifestyle-related information, and substance use-related questions. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 22.0, and a p-value of <0.05 determined statistical significance. Results showed that 21.2%, 14.4%, and 15.1% of the participants reported smoking, using a drug, and consuming alcohol, respectively, at least once during their lifespan; whereas the current (i.e., p...
The association betweeen psychopathology and substance use in young people
2011
This article reviews the recent literature on the association between psychopathology and substance use in young people. An electronic literature search, using PSYCINFO/PSYCLIT and PUBMED/MEDLINE, yielded 93 English-language articles for the period 1990-2008. Of these articles, 89 (95.7%) reported studies conducted in developed countries, 57 (61.3%) had community or population samples, 38 (40.9%) had sample sizes ranging from 500 to 2000 subjects, and 33 (36.7%) had sample sizes of between 50 and 500. The most commonly-used assessment tool (n =29, 31.2%) was the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Evidence exists for associations between depression and cigarette smoking, between anxiety and cigarette smoking, and between anxiety and alcohol use. The strength of the associations is increased with greater frequency and quantity of substance use, and is influenced by the nature of the psychopathology, the specific substances of use, and demographic factors such as gender, age or developmental stage. The need for more longitudinal studies on community populations, and increased access to funds and resources for researchers in developing countries is highlighted.
Report on the Developmental Epidemiology of Comorbid Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
Introduction Part 1. Review of published data and meta-analysis Methods Method of selecting studies for inclusion in the review Selection criteria for meta-analysis 1. Community-based samples 2. Formal diagnostic rules and procedures 3. Risk factors and correlates Analytic method Conditional comorbidity estimates Results Articles included in the meta-analysis Results of meta-analysis. Comorbidity with any substance use and with substance abuse/dependence Effects of comorbidity among other diagnoses Correlates of and risk factors for comorbidity Comorbidity in boys and girls Other risk factors Discussion Part 2. Data sets for further study Introduction Methods Sources of information Type of information Procedure Results Discussion References Appendix A: Bibliography of articles reviewed for meta-analysis Appendix B: Summary of the studies used in the meta-analysis Appendix C: Summary of the results of the studies used in the analyses Appendix D: Copy of form used to collect information on potentially useful data set Tables Abstract STUDY 1. Aim. To review the published literature that could provide information on the development, extent, and predictors of psychiatric comorbidity with substance use and abuse in children and adolescents. Method. From a review of 141 published papers, 21 were identified that could contribute to a meta-analysis of the extent of comorbidity with three disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs): conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and with depression and anxiety. Results. Comorbidity was highest with the DBDs and lowest with anxiety. Controlling for comorbidity among psychiatric disorders reduced the odds ratios but maintained their relative ranking. Odds ratios for comorbidity with substance abuse/dependence were higher than those for any use. The excess risk associated with abuse/dependence compared with any use was highest for ADHD and depression, lowest for CD. Sex was the only correlate available for meta-analytic review of causes and correlates. For both abuse/dependence and any use, the odds ratios for comorbidity were higher in girls than boys, significantly so for CD and anxiety. Conclusions. While psychiatric comorbidity with drug abuse is high, varying by diagnosis, published data are lacking on correlates, risk factors, temporal ordering, and treatment. STUDY 2. Aim. To review the information available in existing data sets that could contribute to a more detailed examination of correlates and risk factors of psychiatric comorbidity with substance use and abuse, and of the temporal relationships between psychiatric disorders and drug abuse. Methods. We identified 65 potentially useful data sets, and sent out a questionnaire to the Principal Investigators. Results. Sixteen data sets met the minimal requirements of representative sampling, psychiatric diagnoses, data on drug abuse, and information on timing. Most were panel studies with repeated assessments of participants. Data are available on over 17,000 youth, providing some 84,000 person-observations over time. Of these, 50 percent are female, about 3,500 (11,000 person-observations) are African American, 2,700 (6,000 person-observations) are Hispanic, and 450 (2,000 person-observations) are American Indian. The age ranges of the studies cover the period from birth through age 26. Conclusions. Given modern methods of data analysis, and the impressive resource represented by the data sets available, there is a real opportunity to advance understanding of the predictors and timing of psychiatric comorbidity with drug abuse, using existing data. This meta-analysis includes studies that use structured interviewer-based or respondent-based interviews and formal scoring algorithms or best-estimate diagnostic procedures to generate psychiatric diagnoses using one of the recent taxonomies: ICD-9 or ICD-10, DSM-III, DSM-III-R, or DSM-IV. Three exceptions to this criterion that were included because authors made an attempt to generate diagnosticlike symptom clusters from survey questionnaires were the Ontario study (Offord et al., 1987), the National Household Survey of Drugs and Alcohol (SAMHSA, 1993), and the Middle Adolescent Vulnerability Study (Windle & Davies, 1999). Five diagnostic groupings were available for analysis of comorbidity in a large enough number of studies: conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders. When it came to drug abuse and dependence the requirement of a formal diagnosis was somewhat relaxed. The DSM-IV rules for dependence rely heavily on physical or work-related incapacities that most adolescents have not had time or been in a position to experience. In this meta
Psychiatric and psychosocial predictors of substance use disorders among adolescents
British Journal of Psychiatry, 2007
BackgroundFew studies have prospectively examined psychosocial and psychiatric predictors of adolescent substance use disorders simultaneously.AimsTo identify psychosocial and psychiatric predictors of substance use disorders in adolescence.MethodSchool children aged 12 years (s. d. =0. 3) free from any substance use disorder at grade7(n=428) were assessed in three consecutive years, using a standardised psychiatric interview. Their baseline psychosocial information was also collected. The outcome was the onset age of a substance use disorder. The Cox regression model was used for data analysis.ResultsThe most significant predictive factors for adolescent substance use disorder included male gender, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder and sibling use of tobacco. Three protective factors against such morbidity included living in a household with two parents, a good academic grade at grade 7 and objection to the use of substances.ConclusionsEarly intervention fo...