A Study on Immedi̇ate Effect of Smoki̇ng on Young Athletes İn Respect of Selected Physi̇ologi̇cal Vari̇ables Influenci̇ng Aerobi̇c Performance (original) (raw)
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Effects of cigarette smoking on endurance performance levels of 16- to 19-year-old males
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 1999
The purpese of this study was to explore the efflects of cigarette smoking on the levels of endurance performance in teenagers. Longitudinal data of physical characteristics, smoking habits, exercise habits, and time records in both 1500-meter run and 10-kilometer run of202 sixteen-to-nineteen-year-old male students were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively, The results showed that the performance levels of exercise-neyersmokers in the 1500-meter run did improve as the subjects grew otder, and that over the satne period, the exercise-smokers did not improve but were able only to maintaln their performance levels. The results of two way analysis of variance(ANOVA) indicated that smoking negatively and independently impacts how eighteen and nineteen-year-olds witl perform in a 1O-kilometer run. The reduced levels of endurance performance in the non-exercise smokers showed up in their results in the 10kilometer run, and the diminished performance levels of the exercise-smokors were revealed in their 1500-rneter run times. These results suggest that smokers obtain less benefits frem training than non-smokers, and that we need to assess endurance performance levels among the young by paying carefu1 attention to their smoking habits.
Background: Exercise performance depend on the ability of the cardiovascular system to respond to a wide range of metabolic demands and physical exertion. Objectives: To investigate the habitual smoking effects in heart rate response and heart rate recovery after step test in athletes. Methods: Seventy-eight physically healthy active athletes (45 non-smokers and 33 smokers) aging 27±8years old, participated in this study. All participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and performed the six-minute step test. Cardiovascular parameters such (resting heart rate, peak heart rate, heart rate at 1 min after testing, heart rate recovery, recovery time, blood pressure at rest, and post-testing blood pressure) were recorded. Results: Smoker-athletes had higher resting heart rate (76 ± 9bpm vs. 72 ± 10bpm, p<0.05), maximum heart rate (154 ± 18bpm vs. 147 ± 17bpm, p<0.05) and recovery time (7min 25sec ± 6min 31sec vs. 4min 21sec ± 4min 30sec, p<0.05) than non-smoker athletes. Scores from the IPAQ were approximately the same (Μ=7927 ± 10303, Μ= 6380 ± 4539, p<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking was found to affect athletes' cardiovascular fitness. The change of the athletes' heart rate recovery and recovery time contributes to the adaptation of cardiovascular function in training requirements.
Effects Of Smoking On Cardiovascular Function During Maximal Treadmill Exercise
Background: Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It deregulates cardiac autonomic function, blunts the chronotropic responses during exercise and lowers the maximum heart rate that can be achieved, substantially reducing the functional capacity and performance of the circulatory system. The aim of the study is to compare the cardiovascular functionamong smokers and nonsmokers during maximal exercise stress testing using TMT Methods:A case control study was carried out on 90 young asymptomatic male first degree relatives of myocardial infarction patients attending Medicine and Cardiology department of GRMC Gwalior comprising of 60 smokers as cases and 30 nonsmokers as controls. Chronotropic response by heart rate at rest, maximum heart rate attained, heart rate reserve, chronotropic index, heart rate recovery at 1 minute and exercise capacity by maximal exercise duration was compared between smokers and nonsmokers. The results were analysed with t test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. Results: Smokers had a higher heart rate at rest than nonsmokers(p<.05) while there is a negative relationship to maximum heart rate attained (p<.05), heart rate reserve (p<.05) chronotropic index (p<.05) and exercise duration (p<.05) and with increasing burden of smoking this relationship becomes stronger. No significant difference in heart rate recovery was observed between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion: Cardiovascular prognosis as estimated by hemodynamic parameters like heart rate at rest, maximum heart rate attained, heart rate reserve, chronotropic index and exercise duration is poor in smokers compared to nonsmokers and the adverse effects become stronger with increase in severity of smoking.
Journal of Communicable Diseases, 2021
Background: Cigarette smoking is common among the male collegiate population. It causes various negative effects on their body, particularly it affects the lungs. Hence, the aim of this study is to compare the aerobic and anaerobic capacities among the smoker and non-smoker male collegiate population. Methods: 68 healthy male college students participated in this study. Aerobic capacity was assessed by 3-minute step test. Anaerobic capacity was assessed by 30-meter sprint fatigue test. T-test was used to compare the data between groups. Result: Present study reported that smokers had a higher heart rate after performing 3-minute step test. The fatigue index was higher in smokers as compared to non-smokers. Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that cigarette smoking reduces the aerobic and anaerobic capacities of an individual.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results
This study was carried out to examine the effect of aerobic training program applied to smokers and non-smokers on anaerobic power, balance and speed performances. For this purpose, a total of 30 male volunteers between the ages of 18-26 were included. A total of 30 healthy male volunteers participated. These individuals were selected from those who attended the aptitude test preparation courses in Gaziantep. According to this analysis, those who were addicted to cigarettes were determined as the smokers group (n: 15), and those who had never smoked were determined as the non-smokers group (n: 15). A two-hour aerobic training program, three days a week, was applied to both groups for eight weeks. Before the training and after the end of the course, repeated anaerobic sprint test, flamingo balance test and 30 meters sprint test were applied. As a result of the findings, in the analysis of the difference between the pre-test and post-test of the smoking and non-smoking groups, there w...
Comparison of Physical Fitness among Smoker and Non-Smoker Men
Addiction & health
It is well documented that cigarette smoking has negative impacts on body health, as well as social health, economy, culture, etc. Nowadays, there is a large body of evidence that smoking is the cause of numerous life-threatening diseases like cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases along with different kinds of cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the physical fitness of smokers and non smokers. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 64 non-sportsmen (34 non-smokers and 30 smokers) aging 19-27 years. Both groups were matched for age, weight, height and body mass index (BMI). The smokers used cigarettes at least 5 cigarettes a day for 2 years. None of them had a musculoskeletal disease. We used a questionnaire and physical fitness tests for data gathering. The tests were used to measure muscle strength, endurance, speed, agility and flexibility in both groups. The muscle strength was significantly different in smokers and non-smokers (P = 0.012). Moreover, smokers had les...
International journal of physical education, sports and health, 2018
Background: Smoking is estimated to cause 10% of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is the second leading cause of CVD after high blood pressure. The arteries that supply blood to the heart become severely narrowed artery in coronary disease. Adrenaline produced when the nicotine in cigarettes stimulates body, which means heart beat faster and raises blood pressure, making heart to work harder. Objective: To investigate the differences of cardiac function in smokers and non-smokers. Design: Observational study, Method: A total of 40 (20 smokers and 20 non-smokers) samples are choose based on purposive sampling method with the age range of 18 to 24 years old male and healthy weight Body Mass Index (BMI). Subjects with low physical activity profile are screened with International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short). Before the patient is asked to run on treadmill until sub maximal effort, heart rate and blood pressure is measured after 10 minutes of rest. During treadmill running, heart rate will be measured each minute using pulseoximeter. After the patient underwent recovery period for 5 minutes, heart rate and blood pressure measured again. Results: In the present study, smoking was found to effect resting heart rate (79.45 ± 2.78 and 73.40 ± 2.30) in young male smokers compares with non-smokers. Resting systolic blood pressure shows a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (129.10 ± 4.17 and 120.25 ± 3.18) and resting diastolic blood pressure also found to have statistical significant different between smokers and nonsmokers (85.50 ± 3.32 and 77.65 ± 3.00). Our study shows that smokers had found no significant difference in heart rate during sub maximal exercise compared with non-smokers (119.40 ± 1.14 and 119.35 ± 1.09) and attenuated heart rate decline during heart rate recovery (84.40 ± 2.95 and 76.10 ± 3.49) in smokers and non-smokers. Recovery systole (155.65 ± 3.33 and 144.25 ± 4.20) and diastole (107.45 ± 4.62 and 104.05 ± 5.23) blood pressure is also having slower decline in smokers compared with non-smokers. Conclusion: This study proves that resting heart rate in smokers is higher than non-smokers. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure also appears higher value in smokers compares with non-smokers. Heart rate during sub maximal workload shows no statistically significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers. Recovery heart rate in smokers declines attenuated when compares with non-smokers. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure shows higher value in smokers than in non-smokers.
Journal of Education and Training Studies, 2019
The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of smoking addiction and physical activity on some respiratory functions in young adult males. 120 male students who have no health problem with an age average of 21,00 (years) , height average of 174,2 (cm) and weight average of 69,62 (kg) have voluntarily participated in the study. The students participating in the study have been categorized according to their condition of doing exercise and addiction to smoking. Spirometer (Pony Fx, Italy) was used to determine pulmonary functions of students. In the statistical analysis of the obtained data SPSS program has been used. The normality distribution of the data has been identified with Shapiro-Wilk test. In the analysis of the data which have no normal distribution, Kruskal Wallis test and in the sub groups Mann-Whitney U test has been used. It has been determined that FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75% (L/s), PEF (L/s), VC and MVV values of the student groups who doing regular exercise are significantly higher than the student groups who do not (p<0,05). No statistically significant difference has been found in FEV1/FVC(%) value among the groups (p>0,05). It has been found that smoking addiction is effective on PEF value in a significant level (p<0,05).
IOSR Journals , 2019
Knowing the variables that can help improve performance in different disciplines is what coaches and group directors look for. Tobacco use and sports performance are part of the fundamental pillars of a study of health and performance in athletes. That is the reason why the studies of sports performanceshave increasedover recent years. Objective. Carry out a literature review on the impact of tobacco use on sports performance, clarifying its consequences. Methodology. A search was made in the Scopus, Pubmed and ScienceDirect databases, using the keywords "smoking"; "sport performance" and "athletic performance" and limiting the time interval to the 2010-2018 period. A total of 10 articles were selected. Results. The results of each of the selected articles are presented in this study. Conclusions. The results suggest a worsening of muscle strength in both the upper and lower limbs as well as in the variables related to cardiorespiratory endurance in smoking athletes.