Effects of Different Datasets, Models, Face-parts on Accuracy and Performance of Intelligent Facial Expression Recognition Systems (original) (raw)

Investigation into facial expression recognition methods: a review

The Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS), 2023

Facial expression recognition (FER) is a rapidly emerging topic in computer vision that has gotten a lot of interest because of its numerous applications in fields including psychology, sociology, human-computer interaction (HCI), and security. FER seeks to recognise and analyse human facial expressions in order to determine emotions and other mental states. Several strategies, including feature-based, kernel-based, and deep learning-based methods, have been developed and implemented in FER in recent years. FER's major goal is to extract and identify the most discriminating elements that accurately represent the emotions expressed by facial expressions. The literature reviewed in this field shows that deep learning-based methods have outperformed traditional feature-based and kernel-based methods in terms of accuracy and robustness in recognizing facial expressions. However, these deep learning-based methods also pose several challenges, such as the need for large labeled-data-sets, robustness to different facial poses and illumination conditions, and generalization to unseen data. Despite these challenges, the field of FER is expected to continue growing, and future research will likely focus on addressing these challenges and improving the accuracy and robustness of FER systems.

Database Development and Recognition of Facial Expression using Deep Learning

Facial expressions reflect human emotions and an individual's intentions. To detect facial expressions by human beings is a very easy task whereas it’s a very difficult task using computers. They perform a vigorous part in everyday life. It is a non-verbal mode that may include feelings, opinions, and thoughts without speaking. Deep neural networks, Convolutional Neural Networks, Neural networks, Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Logic, and Machine Learning are the different technologies used to detect facial expressions. To detect facial expressions, static images, video, webcam data, or real-time images can be used. This research paper focused on developing the SMM Facial Expression dataset and proposes a convolutional neural network model to identify facial expressions. The proposed method was tested on two different benchmarked datasets namely FER2013 and CK+ for facial expression detection. We have explored the proposed model on CK+ and achieved 93.94% accuracy and 67.18 % for...

A Review on Facial Expression Recognition System using Deep Learning

2021

Human emotions are spontaneous and conscious mental states of feeling that are accompanied by physiological changes in the face muscles implying face expression. Some important emotions are happy, sad, anger, disgust, fear, surprise, neutral, etc. In non-verbal communication, facial expressions play a very important role because of the inner feelings of a person that reflect on faces. A lot of studies have been carried out for the computer modeling of human emotion. However, it's far behind the human vision system. In the area of computer vision, academic research in deep learning, specifically research into convolutional neural networks, received a lot of attention with the fast growth of computer hardware & the arrival of the Big Data era. Many researches & studies on emotion recognition & deep learning methods are carried out to identify emotions. This article presents a survey of Face Expression Recognition (FER) methods, including 3 key phases as pre-processing, extraction ...

Face Expression Recognition using CNN

International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2021

The emotions evolved in face have an excellent influence on decisions and arguments about various subjects. In psychological theory, emotional states of an individual are often classified into six main categories: surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness and sadness. Automatic extraction of those emotions from the face images can help in human computer interaction also as many other applications. Machine learning algorithms and particularly deep neural network can learn complex features and classify the extracted patterns. In this paper, a deep learning¬based framework is used for human emotion recognition. The proposed framework uses the feature extraction then a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for classification. The experimental results show that the proposed methodology increases both of the speed training process of CNN and therefore the recognition accuracy.

A Unified Framework of Deep Learning-Based Facial Expression Recognition System for Diversified Applications

Applied Sciences

This work proposes a facial expression recognition system for a diversified field of applications. The purpose of the proposed system is to predict the type of expressions in a human face region. The implementation of the proposed method is fragmented into three components. In the first component, from the given input image, a tree-structured part model has been applied that predicts some landmark points on the input image to detect facial regions. The detected face region was normalized to its fixed size and then down-sampled to its varying sizes such that the advantages, due to the effect of multi-resolution images, can be introduced. Then, some convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures were proposed in the second component to analyze the texture patterns in the facial regions. To enhance the proposed CNN model’s performance, some advanced techniques, such data augmentation, progressive image resizing, transfer-learning, and fine-tuning of the parameters, were employed in t...