Rock phosphate increased nodulation, growth and yield of Vigna unguiculata in sub-Saharan agrosystem of Burkina Faso. P334 (original) (raw)
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Journal of Experimental Agriculture International
Cowpea occupies a considerable place in the nutritional and economic balance of the rural population of Burkina Faso. However, its cultivation is marked by yield instability linked to soil depletion of nutrients, especially N and P, and irregular rains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus fertilization with the rock phosphate named BurkinaP, on the spatial and temporal variability of cowpea nodulation and yield. A multilocation test was conducted in 12 and 16 farmers’fields in 2013 and 2014, respectively, in 3 villages of 3 provinces of the northern region of Burkina Faso. Two treatments were compared: zaï without (ZS) and zaï with BurkinaP (ZP). Overall, dry weights of nodules and shoots at flowering stage, and grain at harvest, were significantly increased by BurkinaP. It is concluded that in soils where low availability of P limits crop yields of cowpea especially in arid sud-saharan areas of West Africa, the input of BurkinaP can improve cowpea N...
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2013
Phosphate rock has been used over the years as source of P fertilizer especial in acid soils. Sokoto state is rich in PR deposit and could be used to complement the conventional P fertilizer whose use by peasant farmers have been limited by high cost and scarcity. Sequel to this, an Experiment was conducted in 2009 at the Botanical Garden, Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to determine the influence of Sokoto Phosphate Rock (SPR) on some chemical properties of soil, growth and yield of cowpea [ Vigna Unguiculata (L)Walp.]. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of two varieties (Dan Gusau (v 1 ) and IT90K-82-2 (v 2 ) and three levels of SPR at 0.062, 0.125 and 0.187g/5kg (25, 50, 75 kg ha -1 ) as well as a control (without fertilizer). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated three times. SPR applied enhanced availability of nutrients in soil and the general performance of cowpea varieties which i...
2007
Cowpea is an annual legume, rich in protein, which plays a critical role in the lives of millions of people in developing countries. Limited work has been done, especially on the symbiotic efficiency of cowpea against the native soil rhizobia. Therefore, our study was conducted to compare the effect of native rhizobia on nodulation, yield and protein content of eight cultivars and two control varieties in Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India. Significant differences were observed among the cultivars tested in all the measured traits. Results of growth analysis indicated that 'PGCP-4' gave the highest number of nodules plant-1 , nodule dry weight and protein content in grain, compared to both control varieties. Highest plant dry weight was recorded in 'Pusa Komal', while the highest grain yield was achieved in 'PGCP-6', followed by 'PGCP-12'. This study hereby recommends 'PGCP-6' and 'PGCP-12' cultivars, as they are more suitable in terms of yield against the rhizobia.
Cowpea response to nutrient application in Burkina Faso and Niger
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is important in semi-arid West Africa. Yields are low due to inadequate water and nutrient availability and other constraints. Grain and fodder yield responses to nutrient application were determined from 21 site-years of research conducted in the Sahel and Sudan Savanna. The incomplete factorial treatment arrangement varied by country but included: Four levels each of P and K in 7.5 and 10.0 kg ha-1 increments, respectively; Mg-S-Zn-B package (Mg-S-Zn-B); and comparable with and without manure treatments. Yield increases due to P application always occurred with curvilinear to plateau or linear responses. The overall mean grain yield increase was 0.35 Mg ha-1 and 47% due to application of 22.5 kg ha-1 P. Application of K resulted in a linear negative effect in 2014 and positive effect in 2015 for on-station trials in Niger, but had no effect in Burkina Faso and for onfarm trials in Niger. Yield was not affected by Mg-S-Zn-B in Burkina Faso but was increased by a mean of 0.085 Mg ha-1 in Niger. Manure application resulted in a mean yield increase of 0.1 Mg ha-1 in Niger but only with fertilizer P applied, and had no effect in Burkina Faso. Cowpea grain and fodder yields were responsive to fertilizer P up to 22.5 kg ha-1 but little affected by other applied nutrients.
Agricultural Sciences, 2011
Savanna regions of Nigeria are deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus, which retard the growth and yield of crops. Therefore, a study was conducted in the wet season of 2006 at the Dry Land Teaching and Research Farm of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to evaluate the effect of phosphorus on the growth and yield of two cowpea varieties sourced from Republic of Niger. Treatment consisted of four (4) rates of phosphorus (0, 20, 40, 60 kg•ha-1) factorialy combined with (2) varieties of cowpea (KVX303096G and TN5-78) and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three (3) times. Results showed significant response to applied P on pods per plant, grain and stover yield and 100-seed weight with highest response to the application of 60 kg P ha-1. From this study it can be concluded that KVX303096G and TN5-78 could both be sown under Sokoto condition to obtain reasonable yield of about 1 t•ha-1 of grain and 1.6 t•ha-1 of stover. Irrespective of the varieties, application of 60 kg P 2 O 5 ha-1 could be recommended for higher yield of cowpea (1.4 t•ha-1) relative to 0 kg P/ha that yielded 1.0 t•ha-1 .
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2018
Field experiments were carried out in Kericho East (0°22' S, 35°17' E) and Bomet central (0°47' S, 35°21' E) to determine the effects of liming and phosphorous (P) fertiliser on nodulation, growth, yield and nutrient content of cowpea in the strongly and moderately acidic soils. The treatments comprised of three cowpea varieties (KVU 27-1, M66 and Ngor) supplied with lime (0 t CaO ha-1 and 4 t CaO ha-1) and P fertiliser (0 kg P ha-1 , 25 kg P ha-1 and 50 kg P ha-1), laid out in a randomized complete block design in a 2 x 3 x 3 factorial arrangement. Data collected were: nodule number and weight, leaf area index, shoot dry weight, shoot and grain N and P uptake, grain yield, tissue N and protein content. Results showed that liming had no significant (P ≤.05) effects on cowpea nodulation at experimental sites characterised by strongly acidic (pH 4.85) and moderately
International Multidisciplinary Research Journal
Field trials were conducted during the 2015 rainy season at the Bayero University Kano Teaching and Research Farm (110 58’N, 8025’E and 475m above sea level) and National Institute of Horticulture (NIHORT) Bagauda (lat. 120 08'N, long. 80 32'E, 500m above sea level). The study was conducted to determine the response of cowpea varieties to phosphorus levels in the Sudan savannah of Nigeria. The treatments consisted of four cowpea varieties (UAM-09-1051-1, IT99K-573-2-1, IT99K-573-1-1, and TVX 3236) and phosphorus fertilizer (SSP) (0, 20, and 40kg/ha) which were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The result revealed that application of 40 kg/ha P2O5 statistically recorded the highest grain yield/ha at BUK. No significant phosphorus effect was recorded on grain yield/ha at Bagauda. The findings of the study also revealed that there was significant varietal effect on cowpea growth and yield at both study locations. Higher grain yield was recorded from variety...
2006
One of the options to alleviate soil fertility constraints for sustainable agriculture in West African's savanna is to develop soil nutrient management technologies from an adequate supply and feasible share of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The impact of combined application of organic input (fresh Cajanus cajan pruning residues) and inorganic fertilizers (Togo phosphate rock) on maize performance was investigated on 2 sites (Zouzouvou and Eglimé) in the derived savanna benchmark of Bénin, where 2 main geological units can be distinguished, giving rise to distinct soil associations. One (Zouzouvou) is a Rhodic Ferralsol and one (Eglimé) a complex pattern of Acrisols, Lixisols, Luvisols and Leptosols with inclusions of Vertisols and Cambisols. The application of rock phosphate increased the shoot dry weight of Cajanus cajan by 29 to 145 % in 5 out of 12 farmers' fields at Zouzouvou and 17 to 53 % in 3 out of 12 farmers' fields at Eglimé. The dry matter of the leaves increased by 13 to 227 % in 6 out of 12 farmers' fields at Zouzouvou, while at Eglimé, in 6 out of 11 fields, it increased by 7 to 31 %. A significant increase was obtained with symbiotic parameters of Cajanus cajan such as % AMF, nodule number and nodule fresh weight with rock phosphate application, at both places. Only 40 % of farmers' fields at Zouzouvou had a subsequent maize grain increase (by 17 to 90 %) as a result of the residual effect of combining organic (Cajanus cajan) and inorganic input. There was no effect at Eglimé.
A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of phosphorus fertilizer at four different levels on growth, nodulation and yield of five cowpea varieties:-Sampea 6, Sampea 10, Sampea 11, Sampea 12 and Kanannado, comprised of20 treatment combinations laid out under split-plot design and replicated three times with a view to selecting cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) varieties that can produce good yield under low soil phosphorus level. Soil samples were collected from the experiment site and routinely analyzed before the experiment. Plant parameters studied included the number of leaves, vine length, number of branches, nodule count, haulm grain, total dry matter yield, N, P and K contents of haulm and grains. Results obtained from recorded and statistically analyzed data revealed that no significant
Phosphorus, although not required in large quantities, is very critical to cowpea production because of its multiple effects on nutrition; shoot development and its influence on nodulation. Phosphorus application stimulates plant root growth, early flowering, enhances fruiting, initiate nodule formation as well as increase in yield of cowpea. In spite of this immense importance of P in soils, its availability to cowpea growth and development is influenced by several factors, which include level and time of application. Knowledge in level of P and time of application to facilitate timely availability of the P fertilizer to improve cowpea yield is critical in order to avertthe continues reduction of cowpea yield by farmers. As a result a 3x4 factorial experiment arranged in split-plot design was conducted at the University for Development Studies experimental site, Nyankpala near Tamale in the northern region of Ghana campus to determine the appropriate P fertilizer levels and timing of application. Three levels of P fertilizer; 24, 48 and 60 kg ha-1 P was applied at 30, 15 days before plating. However, a third application was implemented at sowing. Keywords: phosphorus, nodule number, nodule weights, time of application.