Socio-cultural Factors Influencing the Incidence of Tuberculosis in Abuja-Leather Mining Camp, Oyo State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Assessment of tuberculosis-related knowledge, attitudes and practices in Enugu, South East Nigeria
This study was carried out in 2009 to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of tuberculosis (TB) and its socio-demographic determinants in six selected Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Enugu State, South East Nigeria. A total of 1,200 respondents were selected from 6 Local Government Areas by multistage sampling technique and responses elicited from them by semi-structured, pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Awareness of tuberculosis was high (93%) among the households. Primary sources of information were radio (59.1%), community members (29.8%) and television (17.1%). Knowledge of tuberculosis disease was low, except for knowledge of TB symptoms (61.5%). Urban residents had better knowledge of TB than the rural respondents. Most of them believed that TB is curable and would opt for medical consultation, following suspicion of TB. Despite having relatively poorer knowledge of TB, rural communities were less likely to stigmatise against persons with TB (p = 0.000). Urban households had significantly better knowledge of TB and access to TB services (p = 0.000). Educational status of an individual and the spouse, literacy status and religion were significantly associated with TB-related knowledge, attitude and practice. Therefore, socio-demographic factors should be considered in subsequent behavioural changes communications in the country.
Tuberculosis is one of the killer diseases of great antiquity especially in developing countries and so contributes significantly to health instability and economic loss. The directly observed treatment (DOT) course is the recommended standard of care in treatment of tuberculosis worldwide and its key elements lie in making the diagnosis. The study was aimed at examining the socio-demographic characteristics of patients presenting at a primary health care centre in Zaria, NorthWestern Nigeria. The records of all suspected cases of tuberculosis seen at Sabon-Gari Comprehensive Health Centre Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria between May, 2005-2006 were scrutinized and reviewed. The main variables studied were age, education, occupational and educational status. A total of 694 case records were reviewed comprising of 58.4% of males and 41.6% females with a mean age of 32.78 years ± 15.10. The proportion of sputum smear positive samples was 12% with high pronderance of smear positive cases in the age group 20-29 years. There was statistically significant association between sex (x 2 =52 df = 1 p < 0.05) educational status (x 2 = 10.24 df = 4 p < 0.05) occupational status (x 2 = 19.2 df = 5 p < 0.05) and the very likely chance of detecting AFB in sputum. The study revealed that most of the patient presenting with tuberculosis are in the productive age with unemployment and low literacy level serving as potent risk factors for tuberculosis in the study area. There was a positive relationship between sputum positive, unemployment, education and occupational status (socio-demographic characteristics). There is the need for National tuberculosis and leprosy control programme (NTLCP) to take cognizance of socio-demographic factors in designing an efficient TB control programme in Nigeria.
Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2019
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that has long been one of the major health problems. It affects individuals of all ages and both sexes. Poverty, malnutrition and over-crowded living conditions have been known for decades to increase the risk of developing the disease. According to the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) hospital statistics data, TB is the leading cause of morbidity, the third cause of hospital admission (after deliveries and malaria) and the second cause of death in Nigeria after malaria. TB is an obstacle to socio economic development. So, this study is aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding pulmonary tuberculosis among rural communities of Gulu, Kano, Nigeria. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gulu from January, 2019 to March, 2019. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed to obtain the frequency distribution of the variables. Results: Among 335 participants, the study showed that the overall level of knowledge was low and the overall attitude and practices related to PTB was highly inadequate. Conclusion: Study respondents had basic awareness about pulmonary TB but knowledge on cause and prevention was inadequate. Their attitude and practices towards TB also need to be improved. Health education activities need to be intensified for the rural population to bring about significant change in their level of awareness on TB
http://ijshr.com/IJSHR\_Vol.1\_Issue.2\_April2016/IJSHR009.pdf, 2016
Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is a global infectious disease with significant public health consequences and despite the fact that it is curable; PTB control still poses serious challenges to World's population health. It now ranks alongside Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) as a leading cause of mortality worldwide, almost killing twice as more men than women in 2014 alone. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, preventive practices and its associated factors in the control of pulmonary tuberculosis in communities in Orlu Local Government Area (LGA), Imo State. Methods: The study design was a cross sectional descriptive type involving 425 participants who were selected using a multi stage sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested, semi structured, interviewer administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using computer software (SPSS-IBM version 20). Data was presented in frequency tables and summary indices while chi-square was used to test associations between variables. P-Value was ≤ 0.05. Results: Despite 100 percent awareness about pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), only 26% and 31% respectively knew that a bacterial organism causes tuberculosis, and overcrowding, facilitates its transmission. The proportion with good knowledge, attitude, and practice about PTB control were, 72.5%, 14.5%, and 32.2% respectively. There was a statistically significant relationships between the level of preventive practices and knowledge (p<0.0001), attitudes (p<0.0001), age (p<0.05), gender (p<0.05),
The study was set up to ascertain the level of Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Abeokuta city after over two decades of implementation of directly observed treatment supervision (DOTS) regime. Study was a cross-sectional study. Patients attending General hospital Abeokuta with signs and symptoms of PTB and HIV were consecutively recruited into the study between June and December, 2009. Sputum samples were collected and processed using standard laboratory procedures for TB detection; venous blood samples were collected using standard procedures and sera tested for the presence of HIV antibodies and proteins using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assey (ELISA). Questionnaires were administered to obtain relevant information such as age, gender, occupation, educational levels and housing standards. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among residents of Abeokuta city was found to be 36.2% with no significant gender difference (P> 0.05). There were no strong occupational correlations, Jom bo G TA et al Jom bo G TA et al Jom bo G TA et al Jom bo G TA et al R esearch A rticle R esearch A rticle R esearch A rticle however, HIV/AIDS, patterns of housing and overcrowding were identifiable associated factors. TB surveillance should be strengthened through deployment of home visitors, establishment of more TB centres with adequate facilities for the control of HIV/AIDS, and health education of caregivers on benefits of proper housing and impact of overcrowding.
Determinants of the Knowledge of and Attitude towards Tuberculosis in Nigeria
Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 2014
Globally, Nigeria had the fourth highest incidence of tuberculosis (TB) cases in 2009. Datasets of the 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) were used for examining factors associated with respondents’ knowledge of and attitude towards TB in Nigeria. With the same age-group of males and females, the sample included 47,193 respondents aged 15-49 years. Factors associated with the knowledge of and attitude towards TB were examined against a set of individual-, household- and community-level variables, using multiple binary logistic regression analyses. Respondents who reported having ever heard of TB was 74.7%. Of those who ever heard of TB, 76.9% believed that TB can be cured, and 19.6% would want a family member's TB to be kept secret. Of those who ever heard of TB, 63.1% believed that TB was spread from person to person through the air by coughing or sneezing. Multivariate analysis indicated that the probability of having poor knowledge of and negative attitude towa...
Tuberculosis Research and Treatment, 2017
Tuberculosis (TB) constitutes a significant and major public health emergency globally. Nigeria is one of the 22 high burden Tuberculosis countries. A high level of community awareness and positive perception towards TB and its management is crucial for the success of any control strategy. A national baseline survey was conducted in 2008 and a follow-up study in 2012 to measure knowledge of TB among the general population. This study therefore evaluated the knowledge of the target population about Tuberculosis in the follow-up study. A cross-sectional study design was employed with a total of 3,021 respondents interviewed from six states selected randomly from each of the six geopolitical zones in the country. Quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were adopted. From the findings, about 60% of the respondents were aged between 21 and 40 years and more than half had secondary school education. Over 80% had ever heard about TB. Although there has been a significant improv...
Social determinants of tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Ensuring an efficient and equitable delivery of quality assured diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is the major drive of the TB control programme and the alternatives for incorporating preventative efforts have not yet been fully considered. The aim of the study was to examine the social determinants of TB transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Four electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, and Web of Science) were systematically searched to obtained relevant articles and critical appraisal skill programme tools were used to analyze data. Out 515 articles obtained from the electronic database search only 18 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the systematic review. The study shows that male sex, young age (25-34 years), low education, unemployment, low income, poverty, tobacco smoking, and alcohol abuse are the identified social determinants of tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, focus on social determinates of TB, adjunct to early diagnosis and succes...
Texila International Journal of Public Health, 2024
Nomads are susceptible to TB because of limited access to TB services, inadequate nutrition, high prevalence of bovine TB, intake of unpasteurized milk, and migratory lifestyle, among other factors. Enhancing community knowledge and awareness plays a vital role in aiding prompt identification of TB; a fundamental aspect of the End TB Strategy. Although there have been several studies on knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) related to TB in Nigeria, no research has specifically focused on KAP towards TB among Nomads. Data from 160 individuals in Nomadic pastoralist communities across 2 LGAs in Adamawa State, were collected as part of a 2-arm randomized controlled trial. This study aimed to assess the KAP of Nomadic pastoralist population, using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were gathered by a validated and pretested, structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS Version 22. Descriptive variables were summarized using frequency counts, and Chi-square test was employed to examine associations. Gaps in TB knowledge, variation in hygiene practices and beliefs about TB causes and transmission were observed. For instance, 15% of nomads have sound knowledge of TB in the intervention group as against 36.3% in the control group. 17.5% in the intervention group have a positive attitude toward TB compared to 15.0% in the control group. 22.5% of the respondents in the intervention group show adherent practice as against 20.0% in the control group. Communityspecific health education programs targeting hygiene promotion campaigns, emphasizing key practices of cough etiquette, and pasteurization of milk should be developed and implemented.
Awareness of the Warning Signs, Risk Factors, and Treatment for Tuberculosis among Urban Nigerians
Tuberculosis Research and Treatment, 2013
Objectives. To determine the awareness of the warning signs, risk factors, and treatment of tuberculosis among urban Nigerians. Methods. is was a cross-sectional survey among 574 adults in Ilorin, Nigeria. Semistructured questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers to obtain information about awareness of tuberculosis warning signs, risk factors, and treatment. Results. Majority of the subjects (71.4%) were aware of at least one warning sign of tuberculosis. Cough (66.2%), weight loss (38.0%), and haemoptysis (30.7%) were the most identi�ed warning signs. e predictors of awareness of warning sign were increasing age (), higher family income (), higher level of education (), and belonging to Christian faith (). Awareness of risk factors for tuberculosis was higher for tobacco smokers (77.0%) and history of contact with a case of TB (76.0%). Less than half were aware of HIV infection (49.8%), alcohol consumption (42.5%), chronic kidney disease (40.4%), extremes of ages (39.4%), cancers (36.9%), and diabetes mellitus (27.5%) as risk factors for TB. Tuberculosis was reported to be curable by 74.6% of the subjects and 67.9% knew that there are medications for treatment of tuberculosis, while 11.5% knew the duration of treatment. Conclusion. is study has revealed that the awareness of HIV and noncommunicable diseases as risk factors for TB is poor. is study has therefore demonstrated the need for health education programs that will emphasize recognition, identi�cation, and modi�cation of risk factor for TB.