Beam commissioning in the first superconducting segment of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (original) (raw)
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Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) being constructed at Michigan State University [J. Wei et al., The FRIB superconducting linac-status and plans, LINAC'16, Lansing, MI, p. 1, http://accelconf .web.cern.ch/AccelConf/linac2016/papers/mo1a01.pdf] is based on a cw superconducting linear accelerator which is designed to deliver unprecedented 400 kW heavy ion beam power to the fragmentation target. The installation of the accelerator equipment is approaching completion and multistage beam commissioning activities started in the summer of 2017 with expected completion in 2021. A roomtemperature test electron cyclotron resonance ion source, ARTEMIS, provided argon and krypton beams for the commissioning of the low energy beam transport, a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), the medium energy beam transport (MEBT) and the first three accelerating cryomodules. The commissioning of the first linac segment (LS1), composed of 15 cryomodules, is planned in the spring of 2019. This paper describes the first results of experimental beam dynamics studies in the LEBT, RFQ, MEBT and the first three cryomodules with comparison to the numerical simulations.
Beam Dynamics in the Frib Linac
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a Department of Energy (DOE) national user facility to provide intense beams of rare isotopes for nuclear science researchers, is currently being established on the campus of Michigan State University (MSU). A superconducting driver linac will deliver cw beams of stable isotopes with an energy of >200 MeV/u at a beam power of 400 kW. Highly charged ions will be produced from an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS) with a total extraction current of several mA. Multiple charge states of heavier ions will be accelerated simultaneously to meet the final beam power requirement. The FRIB driver linac lattice design has been developed and end-to-end beam simulations have been performed to evaluate the machine performance. An overview of the beam dynamics is presented.
The FRIB SC-Linac - Installation and Phased Commissioning
2019
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) superconducting (SC) driver linac is designed to accelerate all stable ions including uranium to energies above 200 MeV/u primarily with 46 cryomodules containing 324 quarter-wave resonators (QWR) and half-wave (HWR) resonators. With the newly commissioned helium refrigeration system supplying liquid helium to the QWR and solenoids, heavy ion beams including Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe were accelerated to the charge stripper location above 20 MeV/u with the first linac segment consisting of 15 cryomodules containing 10⁴ QWRs of β=0.041 and 0.085 and 39 solenoids. Installation of cryomodules with β=0.29 and 0.53 HWRs is proceeding in parallel. Development of β=0.65 elliptical resonators is on-going supporting the FRIB energy upgrade to 400 MeV/u. This paper summarizes the SC-linac installation and phased commissioning status that is on schedule and on budget to the FRIB project.
Accelerator Physics Advances in FRIB (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams)
2018
This paper presents recent developments of accelerator physics related topics for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) being built at Michigan State University [1]. While extensive beam dynamics simulations including all known errors do not show uncontrolled beam losses in the linac, ion beam contaminants extracted from the Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source (ECRIS) together with main ion beam can produce significant losses after the charge stripper. These studies resulted in development of beam collimation system at relatively low energy of 16 MeV/u and room temperature bunchers instead of originally planned superconducting ones. Commissioning of the Front End enabled detailed beam physics studies accompanied with the simulations using several beam dynamics codes. Settings of beam optics devices from the ECRIS to Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) have been developed and applied to meet important project milestones. Similar work is planned for the beam commissioni...
Progress towards the facility for rare isotope beams
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is based on a continuous-wave superconducting heavy ion linac to accelerate all the stable isotopes to above 200 MeV/u with a beam power of up to 400 kW. At an average beam power approximately two-to-three orders-of-magnitude higher than those of operating heavy-ion facilities, FRIB stands at the power frontier of the accelerator family-the first time for heavy-ion accelerators. To realize this innovative performance, superconducting RF cavities are used starting at the very low energy of 500 keV/u, and beams with multiple charge states are accelerated simultaneously. Many technological challenges specific for this linac have been tackled by the FRIB team and collaborators. Furthermore, the distinct differences from the other types of linacs at the power front must be clearly understood to make the FRIB successful. This report summarizes the technical progress made in the past years to meet these challenges.
Beam Physics and Technical Challenges of the FRIB Driver Linac
2016
The FRIB driver linac accelerates all the stable ion beams including uranium over 200 MeV/u with a CW beam power of 400 kW in order to produce isotopes as rare as possible. Except for 0.5 MeV/u RFQ, the linac is making use of superconducting (SC) RF technology. The beam power, which is an order of 2.5 as high as those of existing SC heavy ion linac, gives rise to many technical challenges as well as beam physics related ones. In particular, the uranium beam loss power density is approximately 30 times as high as the proton one with the same beam energy per nucleon and the same beam power. For this reason, the machine protection system needs a special care. Another example of the technical challenges is to install beam focusing solenoid as close as possible to SC cavities in order to keep the beam focusing as frequent as possible both longitudinally and transversely. This paper reviews all these challenges with development results of their mitigation as well as construction status.
Completion of the Superconducting Heavy Ion Linac at Inter-University Accelerator Centre
The Superconducting heavy ion Linac at Inter-University Accelerator Centre (IUAC), New Delhi has been delivering high energy ion beams to users since 2008 [1, 2]. Initially the first accelerating module, housing eight Quarter Wave Resonators (QWRs), became operational together with the Superbuncher having one QWR and the Rebuncher having two QWRs. In subsequent years, the remaining two modules have also been installed and commissioned. The complete Linac was operated recently and several ion beams were delivered for scheduled experiments. The maximum energy gain was 8 MeV per charge state. Operational highlights include, successful operation of four resonators in the third module with Piezo based [3] mechanical tuning, implementation of remote phase locking of all the resonators in the three modules [4], development of a scheme for auto locking of resonators and testing of a capacitive pickup as a beam diagnostic element. Details will be presented vis-à-vis the problems encountered and the future course of action.
Commissioning Status of the Linac for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams
Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 2020
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams will be completed in late 2021. We report here on the current efforts to commission the first stages of the 200-MeV/u superconducting, continuous wave heavy-ion linac. The statuses of the cryogenic plant and its distribution system, the accelerator cryomodule commissioning and operations, the ion source and front end transport development, the radio-frequency quadrupole commissioning, and thenbeam dynamics development to support high-power operation are reviewed. Plans for commissioning the remainder of the linac systems are presented.
Beam quality and operational experience with the superconducting LINAC at the ISAC II rib facility
2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC), 2007
The ISAC II superconducting LINAC is now in the operational phase. The linac was commissioned with stable ion beams from an off-line source. The commissioning not only proved the integrity of the infrastructure but bench marked the beam quality and RF cavity performance. Measurements of the transverse and longitudinal emittance are consistent with little or no emittance growth through the acceleration. Transmission near 100% has been achieved though some solenoid steering is evident due to misalignment. An attempt at correcting the steering effect has been done. The machine is to be easy to tune, reliable in restoring beam and flexible enough to accommodate different tuning strategies. Software routines have been developed in order to facilitate the tuning process. In this paper the operational routine for tuning and beam delivery will be presented as well as the beam characteristics drawn from the commissioning studies.
Beam Dynamics Studies for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Driver Linac
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is a high-power heavy ion accelerator facility presently under construction at Michigan State University to support nuclear physics. FRIB consists of a driver linac and experimental facility, and the linac accelerates all stable ions including uranium to kinetic energies of more than 200 MeV/u and continuous wave beam power up to 400 kW. This beam power is more than two orders of magnitude higher than the existing heavy ion linac facilities, resulting in various beam dynamics challenges for the driver linac. In this paper, we review these challenges for the FRIB driver linac and undergoing studies to address them.