Oral mucosal lesions in Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and EDNOS (original) (raw)
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Eating disorders and oral health: A review of the literature
Australian Dental Journal , 2005
This article is a review of the recent literature pertaining to the oral sequelae of eating disorders (EDs). Dentists are recognized as being some of the first health care professionals to whom a previously undiagnosed eating disorder patient (EDP) may present. H owever, despite the prevalence (up to 4 per cent) of such conditions in teenage girls and young adult females, there is relatively little published in the recent literature regarding the oral sequelae of EDs. This compares unfavourably with the attention given recently in the dental literature to conditions such as diabetes mellitus, which have a similar prevalence in the adult population. The incidence of EDs is increasing and it would be expected that dentists who treat patients in the affected age groups would encounter more individuals exhibiting EDs. Most of the reports in the literature concentrate on the obvious clinical features of dental destruction (perimolysis), parotid swelling and biochemical abnormalities particularly related to salivary and pancreatic amylase. H owever, there is no consistency in explanation of the oral phenomena and epiphenomena seen in EDs. M any EDPs are nutritionally challenged; there is a relative lack of information pertaining to non-dental, oral lesions associated with nutritional deficiencies. Key w ords: Eating disorders, oral health. Abbreviations and acronyms: AN = anorexia nervosa; API = Approximal Plaque Index; BN = bulimia nervosa; CPITN = Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs; DFS = Decayed, Filled Surfaces; DMFT = Decayed Missing Filled Teeth; DS = Decayed Surfaces; DSM = Diagnostic and Statistical M anual; ED = eating disorder; EDN O S = eating disorders not otherwise specified; EDP = eating disorder patient; ICD = International Classification of Diseases.
Eating disorders and oral health
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
Eating disorders are somatic symptom disorders i.e. person feels extreme, exaggerated anxiety about physical symptoms. The people suffering from eating disorders have such intense thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to the symptoms, that they feel they cannot do some of the activities of daily life. So their study is both necessary and difficult. Eating disorders have become very prevalent in today’s society; despite this people treat EDs and people suffering from EDs with a certain stigma. Early detection and intervention play a huge role in treatment for eating disorders. Dentists and dental hygienists can play a pivotal role in diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders by providing a timely diagnosis. Also as dental practitioners, it is our duty to to raise awareness about EDs. In this article, we discuss eating disorders, their classification, symptoms, epidemiology, etiology, manifestation and management. Keywords: Eating disorder, Classification, Anorexia nrvosa, Bulimia nervosa, Epidemiology, Etiology, Systemic manifestations, Oral manifestations, Dental management.
Study of oral changes in patients with eating disorders
International Journal of Dental Hygiene, 2008
Background: The prevalence of eating disorders is very high in industrialized countries, especially in young women. The principal orodental manifestations are erosion of the dental enamel, caries and dental sensitivity. Objectives: Our aim was to study oral complications in female with eating disorders. Methods: We study oral complications (dental, mucosal and salivary) in 17 female patients from the Hospitalized Patients Eating Disorders Unit. Results: We found alterations in salivary flow and pH, as well as salivary gland enlargement. Conclusions: A significant alteration in oral tissue occurs; this has an adverse impact on oral health, producing an accumulation of local irritants which favour the appearance of oral diseases. Preventative measures are therefore recommended for this group of patients.
An investigation of the oral pathologies occurring in bulimia nervosa
International Journal of Eating Disorders, 1990
This study investigated oral pathologies associated with bulimia nervosa and examined the relationship between these pathologies and the bulimic's binge eating, vomiting, and postvomiting oral hygiene. Results revealed a greater prevalence of enamel erosion, dental caries, dentin hypersensitivity, parotid dysfunction, and xerostomia in the bulimic group when compared with a nonbulimic control group. Enamel erosion was related to the duration of vomiting behavior. After '6 months the majority of bulimics exhibited erosion, which increased in severity with time. Tap water rinsing appeared to enhance erosion and cannot be recommended as a postvomiting hygiene practice. Since oral pathology may be the only detectable sign of bulimia nervosa, the information provided by this study facilitates the identification of bulimic patients and provides guidelines for evaluation of oral pathology in bulimia nervosa.
Oral Manifestations of Eating Disorders : Indications for a Collaborative Treatment Approach
2013
T he effects of self-induced starvation and chronic vomiting can cause significant and often irreversible changes of the dentition and oral cavity, besides the complex medical and psychiatric symptoms. A dental emergency may be the patient's first confrontation of damage and deleterious sequelae caused by the eating disorder. The dental complications can cause crumbling teeth, loss of restorations, abscesses, and pain, which can intensify the patient's narcissistic vulnerability. With the aim of facilitating optimal patient care for the eating disorder patient, this paper will review the dental literature on the oral and dental manifestations, describe current dental management, and finally, discuss the guidelines for consultation liaison between dentistry and psychiatry.
Clinical oral investigations, 2017
This case-control study aims to evaluate the oral health status and orofacial problems in a group of outpatients with eating disorders (ED)-either anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN)-further focusing on the influence of vomit. Fifty-five women outpatients with AN or BN diagnosis were invited to participate, of which 33 agreed. ED outpatients and matched controls were submitted to a questionnaire and clinical oral examination. Multivariate analysis identified a significantly higher incidence of teeth-related complications (i.e., tooth decay, dental erosion, and self-reported dentin hypersensitivity), periodontal disease, salivary alterations (i.e., hyposalivation and xerostomia), and oral mucosa-related complications in ED outpatients. Dental erosion, self-reported dentin hypersensitivity, hyposalivation, xerostomia, and angular cheilitis were found to be highly correlated with the vomiting behavior. ED outpatients were found to present a higher incidence of oral-related co...
Oral health in female patients with eating disorders
Current Problems of Psychiatry, 2016
The study aimed to evaluate oral health in women with eating disorders. The clinical study covered 30 patients aged 14-36 years suffering from diagnosed eating disorders and treated in closed psychiatric institutions. The control group comprised 30 healthy women at the mean age corresponding to that of the patient group. No relationships were confirmed between eating disorders and the intensity of dental caries. Eating disorders contribute to increased loss of dental hard tissues. In women suffering from eating disorders non-specific lesions in oral cavity are more common than in healthy women.
Eating Disorders: Assessment of Knowledge on a Dentist's Sample
International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition, 2015
Aim: To analyze the knowledge and experience of dentists with private practices in the Sassari district with regard to eating disorders and clinical stomatology manifestations. Methods: A questionnaire to investigate dentists' knowledge and experience was created and submitted to a random sample of dentists. Data were collected and analysed using the Stata SE 10 software. Results: In total, 150 dentists were enrolled (a representative sample). After questionnaire evaluation, the following results were obtained: 80.7% (121) of the participants had a degree in dentistry and 19.3% (29) had degrees in medicine with a dentistry master of science diploma, 46% (69) were males and 54% (81) were females, their age range was 25-62 (mean, 36.1) years, and the average work experience was 11.5 (range, 1-36) years. More than 90% of the participants defined eating disorders only as bulimia and anorexia. Of the dentists, 77.3% (116) correctly identified Western populations as the most affected, whereas 52.7% identified only whites as the most affected people. In total, 80% of the dentists recognised dental erosion and abrasion as typical oral manifestations. Only 62% stated that salivary pH decreases in these conditions, and 63% did not recognise parotid gland tumefaction as a clinical sign. Regarding operator experience, 60.7% (91 dentists) had clinical experience of patients with eating disorders: 43.9% of them had made diagnoses from oral manifestations, 51.3% (77) were not able to treat these patients, and 69.3% (104) would refer patients to specialized centres for treatment. Moreover, 119 (79.3%) considered that a dental hygienist was a valid collaborator for the treatment of oral cavity manifestations. Regarding prophylaxis, 16.7% (25) suggested fluoride prophylaxis and 21.3% (32) oral hygiene education. Only 1.3% indicated the use of bicarbonate to change salivary pH values, suggested conservative or prosthetic restorations, suggested the use of saliva substitutes, or the sealing of permanent teeth. Difficulties in clinically treating these patients were related to a lack of knowledge for 72% (108) of participants. Of them, 36.7% (55) had studied the clinical aspects of this pathology while attending dental school and 24.7% (37) after their degree. In total, 94.7% (142) expressed the need for further information and only 2% (3) considered they had sufficient clinical knowledge. Conclusions: It is evident that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the problem and there would seem to be an urgent need to provide more training programs and to establish guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders among dentists. In our opinion, the acquisition of such knowledge will change the approach to related pathology, improving clinical skills, and subsequently diagnosis and treatment.
Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2014
To detect the presence of eating disorders (EDs) and clinical findings in 20-25 years old women residing in professional college hostels in Bangalore city, India, a cross-sectional study was conducted. One hundred seventeen women of the 128 selected randomly participated in the study. SCOFF [Sick, Control, One-stone (14 lbs/6.5 kg), Fat, Food] Questionnaire was used for screening suspected cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Examination was done for systemic findings, extra-oral and intra-oral manifestations of EDs. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS (version 13.0). The response rate was 71.3%, of which 42.7% were suspected to have EDs by SCOFE Examination showed significantly higher prevalence of periomylolysis (p = 0.004), dental caries (p = 0.004), and tooth sensitivity (p = 0.001) in suspected cases. The study succeeded at 'case-finding' of EDs with a significant prevalence of oral manifestations in suspected cases. Thus, dentists play a major ro...