Adsorption-based treatment systems for removing chemical vapors from indoor air (original) (raw)
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A review of indoor air treatment technologies
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 2015
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Topic B3: Control of indoor environment COUPLING BIOFILTRATION AND ADSORPTION TO TREAT INDOOR VOCS
This work is a preliminary study for the assessment of the feasibility of a system coupling biofiltration and adsorption to treat chemical pollution in indoor environments. Three studies have been carried out for that purpose. Firstly, an artificially contaminated air flow containing seven representative indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was only treated by biofiltration using an organic material (compost) as a filter media. Then, toluene was selected as target pollutant for assessing the capability of the combination of biofiltration and adsorption to response to changes in inlet concentrations. Once the toluene containing air stream passed through the biofilter bed, the outlet gas stream was then fed into an adsorption system for complete contaminant removal. Finally, a biofiltration-adsorption system was designed taking into account the removal efficiencies of representative pollutants found at laboratory scale. The optimization of the EBRT to limit the volume of the biofilter for its application in indoors was experimentally evaluated. C 0 =500 µg.m -3 C=50 µg.m -3
2016
Angela Luengas, Thermal, Energy and Process Laboratory (LaTEP), University of Pau a.luengasmunoz@univ-pau.fr Cécile Hort, Thermal, Energy and Process Laboratory (LaTEP), University of Pau Vincent Platel, Thermal, Energy and Process Laboratory (LaTEP), University of Pau Ana Elias, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country Astrid Barona, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country
Indoor Air Quality: A Review of Cleaning Technologies
Environments
Aims: Indoor air quality (IAQ) has attracted increased attention with the emergence of COVID-19. Ventilation is perhaps the area in which the most changes have been proposed in response to the emergency caused by this virus. However, other strategies are possible, such as source control and the extraction of pollutants. The latter incorporates clean technologies, an emergent area with respect to IAQ. Method: Various air treatment technologies can be used to control contaminants, which are reviewed and discussed in this work, including physicochemical technologies (e.g., filtration, adsorption, UV-photocatalytic oxidation, ultraviolet disinfection and ionization) and biological technologies (e.g., plant purification methods and microalgae-based methods). Results and interpretation: This work reviews currently available solutions and technologies for “cleaning” indoor air, with a focus on their advantages and disadvantages. One of the most common problems in this area is the emission ...
Atmospheric Environment (1967), 1989
The objective of this research was to measure the initial effective cleaning rates (ECRs) of selected air cleaners for removing nitrogen dioxide (NO,) and six representative volatile organic compounds (VOC) from air. Four portable air cleaners, representing different principles of particle removal and incorporating activated carbon, were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a closed room-size environmental chamber using analyte concentrations similar to those reported in residences. Effects of relative humidity, temperature, filter particle loading and saturation of the adsorbents on the ECRs were not investigated in this preliminary study. However, the effect of extended usage was investigated for one air cleaner.
The Effect Of A Passive Adsorption Sheet On Reducing Organic Pollutants In Indoor Air
Indoor Air, 1993
The effect of a thin, passive, adsorbent sheet containing activated carbon on reducing the concentration of volatile organic compounds in indoor air is investigated. A mathematical model is established to describe the conditions in a hypothetical room containing building materials, firnitwe, an activated carbon sheet, etc. The results of the modelling show that the activated carbon sheet can reduce the concentration of the organic vapour in the room air by a factor of 1.6-200, depending on the resistances to mass transfm in the laminar gas film surrounding the activated carbon sheet and in the voids of the sheet. The maximum value 200 is a theoretical limit, i f both the film and void resistances could be eliminated. Minimization of the film and void resistances is important to achieve high effect of the activated carbon sheet. This could be done by e.g. dividing a single sheet into several smaller pieces, hanging the sheets at some places where the airflow is relatively high, and making the sheets thin and loose. For some of the model parameters, estimated or assumed values were used in the calculations. Experimental work regarding sorption equilibria and mass transport properties of the species and materials involved is needed for more accurate results.
1988
The objective of this research was to measure the initial effective cleaning rates (ECRs) of selected air cleaners for removing N0 2 and six representative volatile organic compounds (VOC) from air. The six VOC, dichloromethane, 2-butanone, n-heptane, toluene, tetrachloroethylene and hexanal, have all been reported in indoor air. Four portable air cleaners, representing three different principles of particle removal and incorporating activated carbon, were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a closed Environmental Chamber using analyte concentrations similar to those reported in residences. Effects of relative humidity, temperature, filter particle loading and saturation of the adsorbents on the ECRs were not investigated in this preliminary study. Two of the air cleaners were found to be reasonably effective initially in removing N0 2 and five of the six VOC. These two devices had relatively high flow rates and the greatest amounts of activated carbon. None of the devices removed dichloromethane, the VOC with the highest vapor pressure. One air cleaner emitted 1, I, l-trichlorethane. Since the effective cleaning rates and efficiencies of removal for the gaseous pollutants investigated in this study are likely to decrease with filter use, the values reported here are likely to be maxima for the temperature and humidity of these experiments. Further investigation of the effects of extended use on the ECRs of the two most effective air cleaners is recommended.
Environments
Residential air cleaners exploiting different technologies re commonly used today to remove air contaminants from indoor environments. Different methods have been developed in the USA and Europe to test their efficiency. The one used in the USA provides a more comprehensive view of indoor processes, because testing is performed in a large simulation chamber (28.5 m3), using anthropogenic emissions, such as cigarette smoke, to generate pollution. Testing rooms are also important to investigate new removal technologies, or to improve them. Since no such testing facilities exist in Italy, one of 12.4 m3 was built in which cigarette smoke, resuspended dust from agricultural soil and, for the first time, diesel exhaust emissions were used to generate indoor pollution. Performances were tested with two air cleaning systems, exploiting completely different removal technologies. Accurate values of decay rates of indoor pollutants were obtained using a suite of on-line and out-of-line monito...
VOC adsorption on material: influence of gas phase concentration, relative humidity and type of VOC
2005
This paper presents the results of a factorial experiment design analysis to investigate volatile organic compounds (VOC) adsorption on a ceiling tile. The impacts of three factors, VOC gas phase concentration, relative humidity, and VOC type, as single parameters and as a combination, on adsorption have been investigated. Cyclohexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol and methanol were the five VOCs used in this study. A factor significant level was determined through evaluating its F value and comparing it with the critical value of F distribution at 95% confidence level. It was found that: (i) neither the relative humidity and gas phase concentration nor any interaction effect between them had significant impacts on toluene adsorption on the ceiling tile; (ii) the adsorption isotherm appeared to be linear for the non-polar compounds and non-linear for the semi-polar and polar compounds; (iii) no significant impact of relative humidity on adsorption was observed for most VOC compounds except for methanol; and (iv) the ceiling tile had the highest adsorption capacity toward the polar compounds, followed by the aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds. In addition, the statistical analysis regarding the experimental results of toluene as a single compound or as a part of a mixture showed that toluene adsorption capacity on the ceiling tile as a single compound was higher than as a part of a mixture.