Psycho-behavioural impact of ‘Lockdown’ due to COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal: An Online Survey (original) (raw)
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Psychological Effects of the COVID-19-Induced Lockdown 2020 among Educated Adults of Nepal
New Trends in Psychology, 2020
Using diary method, a qualitative research was conducted to know about the feelings, actions and mental processes of the adults during lockdown induced by COVID-19 in 2020. The final dataset had 1800 entries from 30 participants for 20 days during May and June months of 2020. The participants were made write diary in MS Word file with a 'change tracker' on. The sampling was non-probability, convenient. NVivo 10 was used to analyze the data. Data have been collected phenomenologically and have been analyzed by content analysis. Consequently, three themes in emotions were found out: positive emotions, negative emotions and mood swing. Behaviors had three themes: adaptation, entertainment and compulsive behaviors. Mental processes had three themes: attribution, acceptance and cognition. The conclusion is that people have started to adapt to new norms created by the lockdown of COVID-19. Still, they are afraid/anxious about start and spread of disease as they have an obsession. In response, they show compulsive behaviors like seeking news. They think that government is responsible for the proper handling of crisis. They are angry at people for being careless when they often break the lockdown themselves.
Depression, Stress and Anxiety among Residents of Nepal during COVID-19 Lockdown
2021
Covid-19 illness is a pandemic infectious disease caused by a new coronavirus that originated in Wuhan, China. Nepal being a landlocked underdeveloped country is particularly vulnerable to the pandemic. Similarly, the dread of contracting the coronavirus is making people concerned about a global pandemic. It is vital to determine the impact of viral outbursts on mental health. Hence, this study aims to identify level of depression, stress and anxiety during lockdown among Nepalese residents. Cross-section web-based research design was undertaken at Bagmati province, Gandaki province and Lumbini province with four hundred twenty-two (n=422) (n=422) Nepalese residents by using a multistage proportionate stratified random sampling method. The Dass-21 tool was used to assess level of depression, stress and anxiety. Among 422 respondents only 5.9% had extremely severe level of anxiety, whereas 14.5% were moderately depressed, 77.5% did not have any stress during lockdown. There was stati...
Lifestyle, behavior, perception and practices of Nepalese during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic
JNMA: Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 2020
Introduction: COVID-19 infection is caused by a new strain of SARS CoV-2 virus, which transmits directly from person-to-person and has become a pandemic. To counteract this, actions related to mass quarantines or stay-at-home orders have been used termed as lockdown. This study aims to study lifestyle, behaviour, perception and practice of people regarding during the lockdown. Methods: An online survey was conducted with structured questionnaire in Google forms after ethical approval from Nepal Health Research Council (Ref-2631). The attributes of knowledge, attitude and practices were explored using multiple-choice questions and results were statistically analysed using Microsoft excel. Results: Five hundred fifty-five respondents completed the survey with 280 (50.5%) males and 275 (49.5%) female. The knowledge regarding viral pandemic was increased in 496 (89.3%) respondents. 424 (76.4%) people developed stress due to pandemic. Three hundred fifty three (63.6%) were adversely affe...
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2020
Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected all aspects of society, including mental and physical health. Often missed is the fact that the pandemic is occurring against the backdrop of a very high prevalence of mental health issues. Protecting the mental health of people and healthcare workers is important for long-term positive health outcomes and proper control of the outbreak. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, online survey by convenience sampling. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review committee of Nepal Health Research Council (reference no. 2467). Open access, pre-validated questionnaires were used. Participants with significantly poor Mental wellbeing were identified using the WHO well-being index threshold score. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out. Results: Five hundred and fifty-six participants were included in the analysis. Forty percent of the participants reported a WHO well-being index s...
The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the college students in Nepal
Journal of Educational and Management Studies, 2020
This article focuses on the psychological impact of COVID-19 and its effect among the Nepali college students. As we know, the pandemic started in China with a few pneumonia-like cases and has spread all over the world since December 2019.The outbreak has not only caused suffering and fatality but also increased psychological stress and panic among people. This study used convenience sampling and web-based quantitative questionnaire that included the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and other basic information to identify the psychological impact of the pandemic. The General Anxiety Disorder Scale results indicated that two-third of the college students who responded to the survey had some level of anxiety, ranging from mild to moderate and severe. Associated gender of the respondents had some relation to the anxiety during this pandemic. The correlation analysis results indicated that certain worries related to financial impact of COVID were positively associated with anxiety symptoms (P<0.05). In contrast to this, support from family, friends and society was negatively correlated with the level of anxiety (P<0.001). It shows that social support provides necessary help to college students in dealing with stressors and anxiousness that comes with uncertain situations.
Journal of Health Promotion, 2023
Since the WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic, the spread of the COVID-19 was the focus of attention of scientists, governments and populations. One of the main concerns was the influence of this pandemic on people’s health, mainly on mental health. This study is an in-depth analysis of the influence of COVID-19 and its measurement policies on mental health of young families residing at Harion municipality in Sarlahi district of Nepal. Husserl phenomenology approach was used to explore the experience of young families. Four participants were phone interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule to elicit their experiences of COVID-19 and its influence on their mental health. The analysis was carried out under three major themes: (1) ‘COVID-19 and its influence’, (2) ‘Lockdown and its effects’, and (3) ‘COVID-19 and strategies for the prevention from this disease’. Fear of getting disease and being affected themselves and their beloved ones and end of life was one of the main causes. Another cause by the lockdown created financial challenges and loneliness with serious mental health problem in young families. The findings highlight the influences of COVID-19 and its measurement policies effects in mental health and different ways of coping strategies adopted by young families in Nepal
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on socioeconomic and mental health aspects in Nepal
International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 2020
Background: Public health concern is increasing with recent rise in the number of COVID-19 cases in Nepal. To curb this pandemic, Nepal is facing some forms of lockdown, encouraging people to implement social distancing so as to reduce interactions between people which could eventually reduce the possibilities of new infection; however, it has affected the overall physical, mental, social and spiritual health of the people. Methods: Published articles related to psychosocial effects due to COVID-19 and other outbreaks were searched and reviewed. Conclusion: While many countries are supporting their citizens with sophisticated health safety-nets and various relief funds, some developing countries have unique challenges with vulnerable populations and limited resources to respond to the pandemic. This review presents the consequences of pandemic and lockdown on socioeconomic, mental health and other aspects in Nepalese society.
Background: Recently, billion of people in the world are suffering from some kind of lockdown or quarantine due to COVID-19 infection. People who are lockdown or quarantine are very likely to develop a wide range of symptoms of psychological stress and disorders like stress, anxiety, anger, insomnia, low mood, irritability, depression, emotional exhaustion and post traumatic stress symptoms. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted within the duration of March 2020-April 2020 by using qualitative research approach and surveying demographics, symptoms, knowledge, concerns, and precautionary measures regarding psychological effects against COVID-19 lockdown. Among the 1000 people were included in study from Gujarat, the respondents (n=266) showed interest in the study. Results and Discussion: Among the participants 60.89% people shows angriness, 73.7% believe that their work efficiency is reduced or decreased, 39.5% people believe that their family income reduced or disturbed, more than half people means 54.9% people have increased their different types of negative thoughts during lockdown. The 49.6% people are using electronic media and internet, 43.2% people spend their time by reading and doing their favorite hobbies as a mitigating factors against psychological effects. Conclusion: During the phase of lockdown in Gujarat, India, people are suffering from varies psychological effects regarding work efficiency, family income, negative thoughts due to stress and anxiety and angriness. We identified various factors that might help in safeguarding the psychological effect. Key message: To survey the psychological effects on people and mitigating factors for it in Gujarat during the lockdown of COVID-19 outbreak is helpful to stable the mindset of people and creating strong positive atmosphere against the fight of pandemic COVID-19
Psychological Distress in Nepalese Residents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Community Level Survey
2020
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented health and economic impact. Psychological stress, anxiety and depression are affecting not only COVID-19 patients but also health professionals, and general population. Restrictive measures; fear of contracting COVID-19; hardship to carry out livelihood is causing traumas to mental health. Nepal is a developing country from South Asia where the COVID-19 pandemic is yet to reach at peak. This online survey has been carried out to understand impact of COVID 19 on mental health of Nepalese community dwellers.Methods: The COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire adapted from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre was used for collecting data in this online survey. Data were collected from 11 April-17 May 2020. Collected data extracted to Microsoft excel-13 and imported and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version-22. An initial univariate analysis was conducted for all variables to assess t...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Journal, 2021
Objective: The sudden emergence of wide spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to adoption of physical distancing or lockdown all over the globe to curtail the viral transmission. Although lockdown plays an important role, at the same time, it can adversely affect the psychological health of the population. In addition, because of stay at home order, people are more inclined to use the media which can further aggravate the mental health issues in population. This study was planned to study the perceived psychological issues associated with the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Methods: An online social survey was conducted using semi-structured questionnaire, participants were added through snowball sampling technique. Results: A total of 455 people (264 females and 191 males) participated in the study. Majority of participants 228 (50.1%) felt stressed out during coronavirus lockdown period. Female gender was associated with greater negative psychological impact of lockdown. Most participants 263 (57.8%) were worried about the health of the loved ones. Most of the participants tried to seek information from different media. The difference between the stress level was highly significant (p=0.04639 *) between the participants depending on the duration for which they explore the information on different media. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic was associated with stress in the majority of people in our sample, and media has a role to modulate the psychological impact of this lockdown. As COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, we need to verify these findings on larger population and policy-makers need to strengthen our mental health programs to mitigate the psychological impact of this pandemic.