Suitability Zoning for Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDSs): Application in a Basin in Southern Brazil (original) (raw)
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Sustainability
In developing countries, the urbanisation process occurs with empirical urban management, a high increase of impermeable areas, and a lack of connection between water resource management and planning. In Brazil, concentrated rainfall and ineffective urban drainage systems add to this context and may impact the population with flash floods. Although sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) are widely used for flood mitigation, it is still not very well known how those strategies behave in semi-arid regions, where most of the time the weather is very dry. In Brazil, flood mitigation still mostly involves structural measures such as larger pipes or channels, with limited guidance for SuDS use due to the great resistance to change by citizens and managers. This study sought to analyse the efficacy of SuDS in Campina Grande, a semi-arid region of Brazil. A land-use and legislation-based methodology was developed with physical, climate, hydrological and governance data for three catchments and...
Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2010
Selecting suitable areas for the location of effluent treatment lagoons requires detailed analysis procedures of various attributes of the physical environment, in order to avoid environmental degradation, hence protecting it against the possible impacts that may result from the implementation of such lagoons. To indicate potentially suitable areas for the location of residuary water stabilization lagoons, a map was drawn up on a scale of 1:50,000, based on the cross-referencing of representative cartographic documents describing the attributes of the physical environment (textural classification, declivity, common toxicity criteria (CTC), permeability, surface drainage, lithology, clay mineralogy, depth of the saturated zone, and depth of the rock substrate) in the municipality of Descalvado (SP, Brazil). The AHP technique of multi-criteria analysis was used herein, with paired analysis of the attributes, enabling the information of the physical environment to be treated in order to obtain a result that is more compatible with the real conditions found in the surroundings. The final result was the identification of the following classes of suitability, 1% of urban areas and highways; 27% of forbidden areas; 13% of favorable areas; 11% of moderate areas; 47% of severe areas; and 1% of restrictive areas.
Sustainable Urban Drainage Designing Approach for São Paulo and Humid Sub-tropical Climates
Green Technologies and Infrastructure to Enhance Urban Ecosystem Services, 2019
Urban sprawl in São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR) turned hundreds of streams into covered channels in the upper Tietê River basin. Engineering practices of channeling and covering water bodies are still common in the RMSP. This research is integrated to the Jaguaré’s Watershed Restoration Pilot Program initiative in São Paulo. This work investigates the efficiency of Green Infrastructure Technologies (GIT), vegetated systems that recover natural functions in impaired watersheds, for reducing storm water diffuse contamination. Sustainable Urban Drainage systems (SUDs) were projected as a source control of runoff during the rainstorms. The main question assessed in this paper was whether US unified approach criteria, generally used as best management practices (BMPs) planning guideline in temperate regions, were able to meet SPMR water quality targets given its different rainfall distribution, rainfall-intensity patterns and storm antecedent dry periods (ADPs), which affected to ru...
Sustainability, 2019
The implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) is increasing due to their advantages, which transcend runoff control. As a result, it is important to find the appropriate SUDS locations to maximize the benefits for the watershed. This study develops a multiscale methodology for consolidated urban areas that allows the analysis of environmental, social, and economic aspects of SUDS implementation according to multiple objectives (i.e., runoff management, water quality improvements, and amenity generation). This methodology includes three scales: (a) citywide, (b) local, and (c) microscale. The citywide scale involves the definition of objectives through workshops with the participation of the main stakeholders, and the development of spatial analyses to identify (1) priority urban drainage sub-catchments: areas that need intervention, and (2) strategic urban drainage sub-catchments: zones with the opportunity to integrate SUDS due the presence of natural elements or ...
Water Pollution XII, 2014
This study identified and systematized the interfaces between traditional urban drainage systems and water resources with the aim of providing decision-makers with the scientific and technical knowledge required to develop an integrated urban water management strategy. After the collection of technical documents on the sanitation infrastructure of the Rio Tavares and Morro das Pedras watersheds, in Florianópolis, Brazil, the stormwater drainage system of the region was mapped and the environmental characterization described, dividing the two basins into 6 regions for analytical purposes. The systematization of the documents resulted in a synthesis map generated by cross-checking the information regarding the current drainage system, the hydrography, and the vulnerability of the Campeche aquifer (DRASTIC and GOD methods), thus revealing the interfaces between stormwater management and surface and groundwater resources. The diagnostic phase identified the use of structural measures for the straightening and/or channelization of parts of the river. In the analyzed orthophotos, flooding points were observed downstream of the watersheds. The stormwater effluents are discharged, without any pretreatment, into the mangroves and sandbanks, or infiltrate through the drainage pipe, creating points of contaminant injection in the Campeche aquifer. This study suggests the creation of a unified database for the drainage network, hydrography and urban infrastructure, as well as the standardization of projects by means of sanitation, water resource, and stormwater management plans. Furthermore, qualitative and quantitative monitoring projects for water resources
This paper is an exploratory study to bring upon discussion technical (both urbanistic and environmental engineering) subsidies in order to build a Metropolitan (urban, mostly) Drainage Plan for the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB), Brazil. Located in the Amazon Region, North Brazil, RMB is the metropolitan area with the highest levels of domiciles in slums and shantytowns, according to 2010 official data. Its territory is a plain site, with low declivities and intense pluviometry rates, and its floodplains are usually precariously occupied. Serious sanitation problems may be found in those areas, which are extensive in territory. GIS is applied alongside with theoretical issues to discuss the case of RMB flooding phenomenon, considered its main environmental risk problem. Finally, directives are listed, recommending combining and systemic use of both structural (highly artificial, concrete-based drainage structures) and non-structural (less artificial, more based on water and basins management, soil infiltration and natural processes, such as retention and flow), differentiated by the characteristics of urban occupation and demographic densities. Index terms -environmental engineering, GIS, urban drainage, urbanism.
Sustainability
In Brazil, stormwater management systems are usually deficient and very commonly implemented after the urban areas have settled. In Brasilia, the Federal capital of Brazil, this problem is aggravated due to the fact that the rainy and dry seasons are very well defined, thereby increasing the importance of groundwater recharge as an ecosystem service. This research aims to evaluate the impact of urban structure types and topographies in stormwater management and three ecosystem services: groundwater recharge, flooding, and water quality. The urban patterns studied included mixed residential areas with two block positions (orthogonal and parallel to the topography) and a single-family house with low density. The studied landforms include a divergent-convergent surface and a flat hillslope with high slope taxa—strictly convergent and strictly divergent surfaces, respectively. The arrangement of landforms has an impact on runoff generation, with an average of 9% during peak flow, and an...
Geographical information as a decision support tool for sustainable drainage at the city scale
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013
Des informations géographiques ont été analysées pour développer une série de cartes indiquant les emplacements possibles pour le drainage durable (SUDS) dans la zone spatiale entière d'une autorité gouvernementale locale en Angleterre. Les modifications apportées à la législation anglaise ont l'intention d'accorder une plus grande responsabilité pour évaluer et maintenir SUDS. Les cartes visent à fournir une orientation initiale aux planificateurs du développement et aux autres ministères du gouvernement local en ce qui concerne le type d'appareils SUDS convenant à des sites individuels dans une zone de planification. Une méthode de créer des cartes appropriées est expliquée, avec des exemples. La méthode a été testée avec une autorité locale anglaise, et l'application de méthodes et de principes vise à être plus largement applicables afin de réduire les obstacles à la mise en oeuvre des techniques de gestion des eaux pluviales alternatives et plus durables.
2016
Expansion of urbanized areas and densification of cities have increase the frequency of flooding events and degradation of receiving water bodies as a result of changes in the natural hydrological cycle. Besides, traditional urban water management has focused in evacuating the runoff as quickly as possible, increasing the negative effects of the urbanization process. An alternative approach for the management of urban waters is the use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) to prevent and mitigate these effects. The success of SUDS depends on the correct interpretation of the needs and opportunities of a particular area. In this article, a methodology is proposed that guides the planning of SUDS based on a multi-scale approach. This methodology includes three scales: (1) citywide, (2) local and (3) microscale. The methodology was applied in the city of Bogotá (Colombia) allowing the identification of priority areas, in accordance to specific local objectives (i.e. runoff manag...