REMOVAL OF SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE FROM WASTEWATER BY ADSORPTION ON ACTIVATED CARBON (original) (raw)
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In this study, the effect of pH on the removal of anionic surfactants, such as linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LABS) and dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS) by means of adsorption by activated carbon was investigated. For this purpose activated carbon was used as adsorbent. Anionic surfactant solutions with initial pH values of 3, 6, 8 and 12 were used. The adsorption isotherms for the adsorption of anionic surfactants by active carbon at different pH were determined. These adsorption isotherms were seen to be consistent with Freundlich's adsorption isotherm. k and n constants were determined from Freundlich's linear equation. Adsorption rate constants were determined from the obtained kinetic curves which were suitable for the first order of rate kinetics.
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Direct and indirect releases of large quantities of surfactants to the environment may result in serious health and environmental problems. Therefore, surfactants should be removed from water before release to the environment or delivery for public use. Using powdered activated carbon (PAC) as adsorbent and separating particles with a membrane may be an effective technique to remove surfactants. In this study, the removal of surfactants by microfiltration and PAC was investigated and the influences of the operating parameters on the effectiveness on microfiltration were determined. An anionic (LABS) and a cationic surfactant (CTAB) were selected for the experiments. A series of batch experiments were performed to determine the sorption isotherms of surfactants to PAC. Then microfiltration experiments were carried out. The results showed that formation of secondary membrane on the surface and, within the pores of the membrane, increased the retention of surfactants significantly. Increase in transmembrane pressure and pore size of the membrane decreased the rejection rates, but increase in cross-flow velocity increased the rejection rate. Temperature had no apparent affect on the efficiency of surfactant removal. Presence of electrolyte had different effects on CTAB and LABS. The rejection rates of CTAB significantly increased when the concentration of NaCl increased; however, a slight decrease was observed in the rejection rate of LABS at the same conditions.
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Domestic laundry wastewater discharge contributes significantly to the presence of microfiber and surfactant pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, which have detrimental and toxic effects on humans and the environment. Investigating the efficacy of powdered activated carbon (PAC) in removing micro-/nanofibers with or without surfactant from household laundry effluent is the purpose of the current research. To simulate real-world scenarios, PAC adsorption kinetics and isotherms in laundry effluents under controlled conditions were studied. These studies showed that the kinetics obeyed a pseudo-second-order process and the isotherms varied between Langmuir and Freundlich models depending on the water types. In the results of experiments using distilled water and tap water, it was observed that the adsorption capacity was higher in tap water. When the adsorption of 0.1 μm filtered synthetic garments, detergent, and tap water was compared with the adsorption of the raw sample, it was observ...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2004
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Batch sorption experiments were performed to study the adsorption of six emerging pollutants from aqueous solutions using a commercial granular activated carbon as adsorbent. Caffeine, clofibric acid, diclofenac, gallic acid, ibuprofen and salicylic acid were selected as representative contaminants. The activated carbon was characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, and through the determination of point of zero charge. The effects of several operational parameters, such as pH, initial concentration of organic molecules, mass of adsorbent and contact time, on the sorption behavior were evaluated. The contact time to attain equilibrium for maximum adsorption was found to be 40 min. The kinetic data were correlated to several adsorption models and the adsorption mechanism found to follow pseudo-second-order and intraparticle-diffusion models, with external mass transfer predominating in the first 15 min of the experiment. The equilibrium adsorption data were
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Indian journal of …, 2005
In the present study, an attempt was made to find out a low cost adsorbing material for the removal of anionic surfactant (AS) from water. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) has been selected as a representative member of AS. Adsorbents such as granular activated charcoal, waste tire rubber granules, wood charcoal, and silica gel were tried. Kinetic profiles of removal of SDS were generated for all materials to assess the equilibrium time. The percentage of SDS removal at 7h equilibrium time was 96% for granular activated charcoal, 96.5% for waste tire rubber granules, 88% for wood charcoal and 92% for silica gel. Equilibrium studies were carried out for all materials to assess the adsorption equilibrium model that they followed. The correlation coefficients were determined by linear regression analysis, and compared. Maximum adsorption capacities (Q max) for granular activated charcoal, waste tire rubber granules, wood charcoal and silica gel, were found to be 3.750, 4.164, 5.170 and 5.181 mg/g, respectively. The removal efficiency, maximum adsorption capacity and cost were the guiding parameters for the selection of the adsorbent in the present study. Considering all factors waste tire rubber granule was chosen as the best adsorbent for AS removal. The physical or chemical characteristics of the rubber granules were reported.
Adsorption of Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate Surfactant on Activated carbon For Biobarrier Purpose
eprints.utm.my
Simultaneous adsorption and biodegradation process in fluidized biobarrier reactor is one of emerging methods for eliminating surfactant in waste water. This paper discusses the adsorption process on activated carbon as a part of a biobarrier system. Surfactant used in these experiments is branched sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate branched in various concentrations of 400, 700, 1000 and 1500 mg/L placed in 250 mL closed-erlenmeyer container (in batch system). Adsorption took part in a glass column of 30 cm length and 2 cm diameter. Total surfactant concentration was measured with COD-chromate analysis and surface tension measurement. Adsorption equilibrium curves in solid (dC/m) and liquid phase (C e) as well as surfactant concentration versus surface tension were performed. The results showed that surfactant adsorption equilibrium curve rose within equilibrium concentration (C e) 0-533.4 mg/L, then reached plateau with increasing C e. Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate was 533.4 mg/L. Freundlich equilibrium constants were (1/n) = 1.91 and K f = 9.97.10-5 in C e range of 252.6 to 481.2 mg/L. The equilibrium time for adsorption was 24 hours and the minimum fluidization velocity was predicted to be 0.717 cm/s.
2016
Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302, West Bengal, India<br> E-mail : coco.ashish@gmail.com, anjalipal@civil.iitkgp.ernet.in Fax : 91-3222-282254 Adsorption process has been found to be one of the oldest and finest treatment methods for surfactants removal.<br> As the control of water pollution has become important in current years, the use of physical, chemical and<br> biological treatment methods such as membrane filtration, ion-exchange, coagulation/flocculation and biological degradation<br> have become more and more challenging in terms of cost and efficiency. Adsorption is a technique, which is extensively<br> used for surfactant removal. In the present review, the focus is made on the adsorption process using low-cost<br> materials, and it is compared with other techniques for surfactant remediation.