Nanofluids and Ionic Fluids as Liquid Electrodes: An Overview on Their Properties and Potential Applications (original) (raw)

The current review work focuses on recent developments in the exploration of electroactive nanofluids, ionanofluids, and ionic liquids acting as liquid electrodes. The nanofluids used for this purpose are composed of organic or aqueous electrolytes as base fluids with the addition of nanoparticles in pure, oxidized, or hybrid forms. On the other hand, the ionic liquids are formed by adding a solution, which can be an acid, a base, or a salt, in water. The electrochemical properties, such as electrical conductivity and capacitance, of these innovative fluids are discussed thoroughly, along with their influencing factors, such as the nature and concentration of the included nanoparticles, the type of base fluids, and the operating temperature. Moreover, this overview summarizes the fundamental applications of electroactive nanofluids, ionanofluids, and ionic liquids in various possible flow-cell configurations and electrolysis methods, along with the associated feasibility factors. Ad...