Influence of uremia and hemodialysis on circulating interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (original) (raw)
Related papers
In vivo induction of interleukin-1 during hemodialysis
Kidney International, 1989
In vivo induction of interleukin-1 during hemodialysis. In vivo induction of interleukin-1 (IL-i) production during hemodialysis was investigated by measuring IL-I activity in monocyte lysates from 59 patients undergoing long-term maintenance hemodialysis with complement activating and non-complement activating devices. In patients dialyzed with new hollow-fiber cuprophane dialyzers, predialytic (TO) monocyteassociated IL-i activity was 12.5 3.0 U/ml (mean SEM), a value that was higher than that found in normal individuals (2.85 0.85 U/mi; P <0.0025) and in non-dialyzed patients with chronic renal failure (0.95 0.85 U/ml, P < 0.0001). Cell-associated IL-i activity was consistently increased after five hours of dialysis with cuprophane membranes (42.4 5.5 U/mI, P < 0.0005). Systemic complement activation was demonstrated by the finding of increased plasma levels of C3adesArg antigen during dialysis. In patients dialyzed with high permeability polyacrylonitrile and polysulfone membranes, no intradialytic change in cellassociated IL-i and no complement activation occurred. However, the mean predialytic values of monocyte-associated IL-I in these patients (that is, 32.9 5.6 U/mI and 38 5.65 U/mI for the polyacrylonitrile and the polysulfone groups, respectively) were higher than the predialytic levels of cell-associated IL-I in the patients from the cuprophane group (P < 0.0025). Monocytes obtained at the beginning and five hours of dialysis from patients dialyzed with polyacryionitrile devices, and monocytes obtained at five hours but not at the beginning of dialysis from patients dialyzed with cuprophane membranes, spontaneously released extracellular IL-I after 24 hours of culture in serum free conditions. Neither polyacrylonitrile nor cuprophane differed in their capacity to stimulate monocytes that had adhered to the membrane, to produce IL-l in serum free cultures. These results indicate that IL-I is transiently generated during hemodialysis with complement activating membranes when C3aiC3adesArg and CsaiC5adesArg, which are known inducers of IL-i production, are generated in plasma. Noncomplement dependent factors, possibly LPS or fragments of LPS that often contaminate bicarbonate dialysates, may be responsible for chronic stimulation of IL-1 production in patients dialyzed with high permeability membranes.
Life Sciences, 2005
This work evaluated the phagocytic capacity of monocytes and neutrophils, and tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, 1 and 8 serum levels in chronic renal failure patients under peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis treatment, compared with chronic renal failure patients without dialysis treatment and healthy individuals, in order to contribute to a better understanding of the action of these therapies on the evolution of chronic renal failure patients. All patients with chronic renal failure (under dialysis or not) showed decreased phagocytic capacity of neutrophils and monocytes. All those in hemodialysis (cellulose acetate or polysulfone membranes) showed a decreased phagocytic capacity. The phagocytic index for neutrophil was 13 times lower than that of the control group for both membranes, whereas for monocytes, only those using polysulfone membrane showed a significant decrease of 4.9 times in phagocytic capacity. There was an acute stimulation of the phagocytosis by neutrophils after a single session of dialysis with both types of membrane, while only cellulose acetate membrane decreased the phagocytic index of monocytes after the hemodialysis session. Patients using cellulose acetate showed a chronic increase in tumor necrosis factor-α serum levels, while those using polysulfone showed a chronic increase in interleukin 6. After a single hemodialysis procedure, no acute effect of the treatment on tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 levels was identified. The decreased phagocytic function of neutrophils and monocytes may account for the high levels of susceptibility of chronic renal failure patients to infections with pyogenic bacteria and tuberculosis. Furthermore, inflammatory activity may occur with both types of membrane studied, suggesting that it will be useful for these patients to evaluate some anti-inflammatory or anti-cytokine therapies against tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6, in order to avoid cardiovascular complication.
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2002
It has been suggested that changes in immune response to infectious agents in patients on haemodialysis might be due to impaired monocyte function; uraemic and haemodialysed patients overproduce proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We quantitated the cytokines released into the plasma and into the supernatants of 24-h cultured purified monocytes, under basal conditions and after stimulation by lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli, in 15 healthy subjects (CON), 20 uraemic patients who had not yet started dialysis (CRF) and 60 haemodialysed patients (HD), who were divided into three groups of 20 patients corresponding to short-, medium- and long-term dialysis. Monocytes from HD patients spontaneously secreted significantly higher levels of cytokines than those from controls and uraemic patients who had not yet started dialysis. After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cytokine le...
Hemodialysis related induction of interleukin-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Kidney International, 1992
Hemodialysis related induction of interleukin-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has a complex spectrum of biological activities, for example, growth and differentiation of B cells and synthesis of acute-phase proteins by the liver. To evaluate the role of this cytokine in the inflammatory response induced by blood interaction with hemodialysis membranes, we have investigated the IL-6 synthesis and release in supernatant of 24-hour cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from: (a) 10 hemodialyzed patients, (b) seven patients with advanced chronic renal failure (GFR slO mI/mm), and (c) eight healthy control subjects. In the same groups of subjects we evaluated the relationship between IL-6 synthesis and release and beta-2-microglobulin (f32m) production. Before and after dialytic treatment hemodialysis patient blood samples were drawn using the following criteria: (1) after two months of dialysis with cuprophan membranes, (2) after one and two months of dialysis with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membranes, and finally, (3) after one further month of dialysis with cuprophan membranes. IL-6 was determined after 72 hours of incubation of PBMC supernatant serial dilutions with IL-6-dependent hybridoma cell line, 7TD1. Compared to IL-6 synthesis in control subjects (6.0 5.6 U/3 x 106 PBMC/24 hr), hemodialyzed patients, when treated with cuprophan membranes, showed significantly higher value of IL-6 production both before (23 13 U13 X 106 PBMC/24 hr) and after (26.2 11.3 U/3 x 10 PBMC/24 hr) the dialytic session. When patients were hemodialyzed with PMMA membranes, at the start of dialysis IL-6 levels were not significantly different from values observed in healthy controls (10.6 4 U/3 x 10 PBMC/24 hr, after 1 month of dialysis and 7.8 U/3 x 106 PBMC/24 hr, after 2 months, respectively). When the patients were switched back to cuprophan membranes, IL-6 production was greatly increased after one month of dialysis (CU2, 44.6 9,4 U/3 x 106 PBMC/24 hr, at the start of dialysis) reaching values significantly higher than those obtained in the first period with cuprophan membranes. No difference was observed between the values of IL-6 production obtained pre-and post-dialysis with cuprophan or PMMA membranes. IL-6 production values in uremic non-dialyzed patients were similar to values found in control subjects (8.6 6.4 U/3 x 106 PBMC/24 hr). f32m release showed a behavior quite similar to IL-6 throughout the study, In fact, a statistically significant linear relationship was obtained between j32m and IL-6 values of production (r = 0.8296, P < 0.001), In conclusion, our results show higher levels of IL-6 production in hemodialyzed patients treated with cuprophan membranes, thereby suggesting a chronic stimulation. j3m production is highly related to IL-6 production; this relationship suggests a possible implication for this cytokine in the pathogenesis of dialysis amyloidosis.
Microinflammation in hemodialysis is related to a preactivated subset of monocytes
Hemodialysis International, 2006
Increased percentage of monocytes with low CD14 expression and that co-express CD16 (CD14+/CD16+) have been reported in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We sought to determine whether CD14+/CD16+ monocytes in HD therapy are sensibilized cells to a proinflammatory activity. Cells from 32 HD patients, and from 9 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), 9 individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1- and 15 healthy controls were studied. Cells were analyzed by means of flow cytometry for CD14/CD16 expression and immune function (cytokine, chemokines, and sialoadhesin expression), and phagocytosis. Increased percentage of CD14+/CD16+ monocytes was observed in HD patients. Compared with CD14++ monocytes, the CD14+/CD16+ monocytes exhibited increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and markers of differentiated cells. In addition, these monocytes showed an increased phagocytic activity. Similarly, CD14+/CD16+ monocytes from SLE and HIV patients showed increased inflammatory activity as compared with CD14++ cells. These results support that CD14+/CD16+ monocytes from HD patients evidence characteristics of primed prestimulated proinflammatory cells, similar to data observed in SLE and HIV.
Cellular & molecular immunology
Cytokines are essential mediators of immune response and inflammatory reactions. Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) commonly present with abnormalities of immune function related with impaired kidney function and the accumulation of uremic toxins in addition to bioincompatibility of dialyzer membranes. During a hemodialysis (HD) session, cytokines are released mainly by monocytes activated by endotoxin-type compounds in dialyzer fluid, complement factors and direct contact with dialyzer membrane. The study included 15 CRF patients, aged 36.4 +/- 2.9 years, on regular HD maintenance therapy for mean 68 +/- 10 months and 15 healthy controls. It was designed to assess serum levels of a panel of inflammatory cytokines: IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha in CRF patients on regular maintenance HD before, 20, 60 and 240 minutes of a single HD session in parallel with C-reactive protein (CRP) as an additional parameter. CRP concentration was increased in HD patients when compar...