Callus Formation and Organogenesis of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivar Almera (original) (raw)
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African Journal of …, 2010
tuberosum L.) cultivar Diamant. The tuber segments were used as explants and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of -naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), benzyl adenine (BA) and thidiazeron (TDZ) alone and 2,4-D in combinations with BA for callus induction. The best degree for callus formation (6.0) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D alone at 3.0 mg/l or 2,4-D in combination with BA both at 2.0 mg/l. MS media supplemented with different levels of BA and TDZ were employed for shoot regeneration. MS medium containing 5.0 mg/l TDZ was the best for days to shoot initiation, the highest percentage of callus with shoot (81%) and highest number of shoot per callus (3.4). Callus derived shoots were rooted most effectively in half-strength MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l IBA. The success of plant tissue culture for in vitro culture of potato was encouraged by acclimatization of the plantlets in the greenhouse conditions. Regenerated plants were morphologically uniform with normal leaf shape and growth pattern.
In Vitro regeneration in two potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties Cardinal and Heera
Two potato varieties (Cardinal and Heera) were used in ln Vitro regeneration experiment. Leaf and internodes were used as explants to observe the callus induction and plantlet regeneration ability of two potato varieties The explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The percentage of callus induction ranged from 20 to 100 %. Highest percentage of callus induction (100%) was observed in MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg L-1 BAP. Cardinal showed higher callusing than Heera. Internode explants of cv. Cardinal required minimum time (9.67 days) for callus initiation in MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L NAA and 4.0 mg L-1 BAP. Cardinal showed the best performance for regeneration. internode of Cardinal had the highest number of regenerated plants per vial (3.0) in MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg L-1 NAA and 4.0 mg L-1 BAP, where as leaf of Heera gave minimum number (0.67) of plantlets per vial in the medium with 5.0 mg L-1 NAA and 2.0 mg L-1 BAP
The aim of this study was to establish a protocol for rapid callus induction and plant regeneration of potato. The leaf explants of two potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars viz. (Kufri Chipsona 3 and MP-97/644) were cultured for callus induction and plant regeneration. Best callus growth from both the cultivars was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962) media containing 3.0 mg/l of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) and1.0 mg/l of kinetin. MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BA, Kinetin and AdSO4 were employed for shoot regeneration. Best shoot regeneration from callus was observed on MS media containing 1.5 mg/l BA (6-benzyladenine) and 25.0 mg/l AdSO4 (Adenine sulphate). The mean number of shoots/callus clump was 21.00 (Kufri Chipsona 3) and 18.67 (MP- 97/644) after 60 days of inoculation. When the plants were transferred to green house, primary hardening was achieved within 10 days and about 99% plants survived.
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2020
Callus induction and its subsequent regeneration is an important issue to study the genetic variability in breeding and biotechnological program. Under this study, various physiological characteristics of calli were evaluated based on ten (10) indigenous and six (6) exotic potato genotypes. Correlation matrix, mean rank, and standard deviation of rank related to the physiological states were also studied. According to the mean rank and standard deviation of rank, potato genotypes were classified into three distinct groups such as good (rank sum ranges 4.65-10.17), fair (10.53-13.96) and poor (14.21-16.40). In this study, Surjamukhi, Granola, Sheelbilati, Arun and Sindurkouta exhibited good callusing while Courage, Diamant, Jamalu, Sadaguti, Patnai and Cardinal showed fair index. Lalpakri, Asterix, Chollisha, Dohazari and Ausha displayed low callusing index. Among the tested genotypes ANOVA, DMRT and correlation coefficient of all in vitro callus inductions characteristics were found highly significant at p < 0.01 levels. Calli of the studied genotypes were cultured in MS medium in addition with BAP (5.0 mg/L) + IAA (2.0 mg/L) + GA 3 (1.0 mg/L) for regeneration. Maximum shoot regeneration was recorded in Sadaguti (40%) with a highest number of shoot (21.3). Meanwhile, lowest regeneration rate was obtained in Chollisha (19.99%) and the shoot number was 11.0. The standardized protocols and the message of the present findings on callus induction and their regeneration efficiency may be helpful to evaluate the rest indigenous and exotic cultivars of potatoes and its further improvement through biotechnological approaches in Bangladesh.
Effect of Different Medium on Callus Induction and Regeneration in Potato Cultivars
The present study was undertaken to develop an effective protocol for optimum callus induction and plant regeneration in 4 potato varieties; Arnova, Burren, Provento and Riviera. Different combinations of hormones (2mg/l BA +2.5mg/l NAA; 2mg/l BA+ 2mg/l 2,4-D ; 2mg/l 2,4-D) with control treatment (hormone free) were tested for callus induction. After first, second and third subculture, callus were transferred to regeneration media that contained different combinations of hormones (2.5mg/l BA+5mg/l GA3; 3mg/l BA+0.5mg/l GA3+ 0.03mg/l NAA; 0.22mg/l TDZ+ 0.49mg/l NAA; 5 mg/l TDZ) with control treatment (without hormone). Data of % callus induction, number of days required for callus induction, callus morphology, callus fresh weight, number of days required for regeneration, % regeneration, number of shoots/callus clump, shoot length, number of nodes/shoot and number of leaves/shoot were taken. Stem segments of one clone from Provento, Burren and Riviera were planted on tuberization medium to study the effect of varieties on microtuber induction potential. Results showed that there were significant differences among varieties; Burren and Riviera had the highest % callus induction, fresh weight and number of days for callus induction. A medium containing 2 mg/l BA + 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 2 mg/l 2,4-D alone gave good response and a good callus proliferation. The results concerning with regeneration revealed that when callus transferred to regeneration media after first subculture, excellent regeneration was observed in a medium with 3mg/l BA+ 0.5mg/l GA3 + 0.03 mg/l NAA in Burren , Provento and Riviera, while in Arnova variety shoot regenerated only on media containing 0.22mg/l TDZ+ 0.49mg/l NAA. Shoot formation completely failed when callus after second and third subculture transferred to regeneration media. For microtubrizaition, differences were detected among the cultivars in all characteristics studied except tuber number.
Role of Explants and NAA on Callus Induction of Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
American Journal of Life Sciences, 2017
An experiment was conducted to study the role of NAA and different explants on callus induction of potato varieties. There were three factors such as variety (Diamant, Heera and Cardinal), explants (leaves and internodes) and NAA levels (0, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg L-1). The experiment was laid out in complete randomized design with three replications. Minimum 6-8 days was required for callus initiation of internode of Cardinal in 3 mg L-1 NAA while the maximum 22-25 days was required for internode of Cardinal in 5 mg L-1 NAA. Both the leaf and internode of Heera produced 100% callus while Cardinal produced minimum callus (37.7 and 20.8% for leaf and internode, respectively) in 5 mg L-1 NAA. Neither leaf nor internode produced callus without NAA. Internode of Diamant, Heera and Cardinal produced 100% compact calli in 4, 3 and 5 mg L-1 NAA respectively. Leaf of Diamant without NAA produced the highest weight (0.667 g) of callus after one month. After two months, internode of Cardinal showed the highest weight (0.205 g) of calli in 3 mg L-1 NAA. Therefore, the present protocol has the potential for the rapid multiplication of true-to-type clones without changing the genetic fidelity.
Role of Explants and NAA on Callus Induction of Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
American Journal of Life Sciences, 2017
An experiment was conducted to study the role of NAA and different explants on callus induction of potato varieties. There were three factors such as variety (Diamant, Heera and Cardinal), explants (leaves and internodes) and NAA levels (0, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg L-1). The experiment was laid out in complete randomized design with three replications. Minimum 6-8 days was required for callus initiation of internode of Cardinal in 3 mg L-1 NAA while the maximum 22-25 days was required for internode of Cardinal in 5 mg L-1 NAA. Both the leaf and internode of Heera produced 100% callus while Cardinal produced minimum callus (37.7 and 20.8% for leaf and internode, respectively) in 5 mg L-1 NAA. Neither leaf nor internode produced callus without NAA. Internode of Diamant, Heera and Cardinal produced 100% compact calli in 4, 3 and 5 mg L-1 NAA respectively. Leaf of Diamant without NAA produced the highest weight (0.667 g) of callus after one month. After two months, internode of Cardinal showed the highest weight (0.205 g) of calli in 3 mg L-1 NAA. Therefore, the present protocol has the potential for the rapid multiplication of true-to-type clones without changing the genetic fidelity.
Experimental Results About Potato Callus Induction
Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, 2013
The callus is an unorganized mass of parenchymal proliferate cells that through cultivation, forming groups of meristematic cells, elements of leading system, pigmented cells, etc.. Using other explants than meristem, for regeneration neoplantlets require mandatory completion of a stage of callus culture. To obtain callus is need an agarose to support the cellular mass in growth. In 2012, at Brasov was fitted trifactorial experience, in which two clones of Christian variety were studied, 6 media for callus induction and 2 explants sources consisting of leaf disc and petiole segment. The following results were obtained: medium, explant source (foliar disc, petiole segment) and variety have different influences on callus proliferation. The callus explants responded better to the foliar disk (72.5%) than petiole segments (40%). Media containing 3 mg / l 2,4-D and 3 mg / l BAP x 3 mg / l 2,4-D favored callus induction rate of 90%. Differences obtained by using BAP citokinine are statist...
In vitro somatic embryogenesis and regeneration potential of two potato varieties in Uganda
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2018
In vitro somatic embryogenesis and regeneration are important techniques for crop improvement and mass propagation. This study was conducted to establish and optimize a regeneration system for agronomically important potato cultivars ('Victoria' and 'Rutuku') of Solanum tuberosum L. in Uganda. Completely randomized design experiments were set up at Bioscience East and Central Africa (BecA) Tissue Culture Laboratory for this purpose. Callus induction and plant regeneration were initiated on internodes and leaf segments of the two potato cultivars in vitro on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different phytohormones that included auxins such as α naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), cytokinins like benzyl amino purine (BAP), gibberellic acid (GA 3), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and Zeatin at varying concentrations. Callus response depended on the genotype, the concentrations and composition of growth substances. Hormone combination MS + Sucrose 30% + NAA (2 mg/l) + 2,4-D (2 mg/l) + KN (2 mg/l) was found to have the highest callusing rate, that is, 95 and 53%, respectively for internodes and leaf explants. The calli formed from internodes and leaves were friable and soft. The callus colour in all cases ranged from light brown to light cream and in some cases to light green. Shoot bud initiation was observed in all regeneration culture media, with media combination MS + KN (2 mg/l) + Zeatin (2 mg/l) giving the highest shooting rate. The intervening callus phase led to less number of shoot buds for each callus leading to long incubation period. The study showed that it is possible to regenerate potato cultivars ('Victoria' and 'Rutuku') from cell suspension culture using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different phytohormones. Combination of MS with NAA + 2,4-D + Kinetin is suitable for callus induction while MS + kinetin and zeatin was better for shoot induction on calli of potato cultivars 'Victoria' and 'Rutuku'.
2015
One of the goals of the experiment is to standardization of HgCl 2 treatment for explants sterilization. The objectives also include developing a reproducible cost effective protocol for large scale production of Solanum tuberosum of Cardinal variety plantlets from selectively better clones through plant in vitro propagation methods. Selection of growth regulators for proper multiple shoots regeneration, elongation and root induction. To produce genetically uniform plantlets within a short time capable surviving in natural condition raised in in vitro environment. Shoot tip and nodal segment explants from field grown plants were used as experimental materials in this investigation. All explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators. For surface sterilization of explants, HgCl 2 (0.1%) for 2 minutes was found to be most effective for complete destroying of surface pathogens and getting healthy tissues. Shoot regeneration was observed from both shoot tips and nodal explants for the studied plant. Maximum number of shoot per culture (17) was recorded and it also obtained the highest average length of the shoot (5cm) in Murashige and Skoog medium containing no hormone. On the other hand 6-benzyl amino purine (0.2mg/l) in 3 media showed the highest rate of shoot multiplication (73%) and the highest average length (4cm). In case of Gibberellic acid (0.1mg/l) in Murashige and Skoog media showed its highest rate of shoot regeneration (82%) and the highest average length (4.5cm). From the overall experiment it was observed that shoot tips are more responsive for micro propagation. In root induction Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2mg/l) of indol-3-acetic acid and kinetin. Indol-3acetic acid and kinetin (1.5+1.5 mg/l) showed its lowest rate of root regeneration (40%) and the average length of the root (1.5 cm). On the contrary Murashige and Skoog medium with no hormone showed the rate of root regeneration (96%) and the highest average length of the root (2.5 cm). The supplemented Murashige and Skoog media with no hormone showed the best performance for root regeneration.