Investigating Links Between Probation Enforcement and Reconviction (original) (raw)
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Long-Term Absences from Probation: Officers' and Probationers' Accounts
The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 2002
Despite the renewed interest in the outcomes of community disposals and the role of such sentences in reducing offending, little is known about those people given probation orders, community service and other community sentences who fail to comply with the requirements of their sentence. Given that rates of orders terminated for non-compliance in England and Wales have been rising steadily, this represents something of a shortfall in current knowledge. Drawing upon the insights of probation officers and, to a lesser extent, some of those probationers who did not maintain contact, this article seeks to address this shortfall of knowledge. The data come from a recently completed longitudinal self-report study of probation supervision undertaken whilst the author was a research officer at the Probation Studies Unit, Oxford University.
Reducing Reoffending: Review of Selected Countries
2012
3. Official statistics and reoffending studies are the 4. 'Reoffending' and 'recidivism' of criminal justice system activity. In this review, 'reoffending' most often refers to recorded reconviction or reimprisonment rates and less often to re 5. Using this definition, the factors regularly found to be the most consistent predictors of reoffending are: age, gender, offence type, disposal (having a prison or community sentence), length of prison sentence, and length a 6. Direct comparisons of reoffending rates are not possible from the data presented here. Such comparisons would require thorough investigation to control for the many differences in definitions, reporting practices, enforcement cultures and political systems. presented may be useful, however, in comparing the kinds of factors that matter for reoffending and the impacts these have had on individual country rates. National Reoffending Trends 7. A 'typical' range of reoffending (measured via reimprisonment) in national studies is between 30% and 50%. 8. The countries included in this review define 'reoffenders' (all persons arrested, convicted, sentenced to particular sanctions) and 'reoffending' in diverse ways (re reimprisonment) but report rates of reoffending that mostly fall within the typical range. 9. Reconviction rates in Scotland show relative stabi 30-32% in one-year follow up studies and 43 inclusive of those offenders receiving fines, a category of sanction almost as large as all other sanctions combined and with a lower than average reoffending rate.
The effectiveness of probation supervision towards reducing reoffending: A Rapid Evidence Assessment
Probation Journal
In response to the lack of universal agreement about ‘What Works’ in probation supervision (Trotter, 2013) we undertook a Rapid Evidence Assessment of the empirical literature. Our analysis of research into the effect of probation supervision reducing reoffending included 13 studies, all of which employed robust research designs, originating in the USA, UK, Canada and Australia, published between 2006 and 2016. We describe the papers included in our review, and the meta-analyses of their findings. Overall, we found that the likelihood of reoffending was shown to be lower for offenders who had been exposed to some type of supervision. This finding should be interpreted cautiously however, given the heterogeneity of the studies. We suggest future research and methodological considerations to develop the evidence base concerning the effectiveness of probation supervision.
Legal and Criminological Psychology, 2012
Purpose. The present study examined the impact of current treatment dosage on recidivism among offenders.Methods. Using a sample of dropouts from a community treatment programme, current treatment dosage and past completed programmes were used to predict criminal recidivism.Results. After statistically controlling for risk levels, only current dosage was predictive of recidivism.Conclusions. Offenders’ current direction, indicated by current dosage, is central to reducing recidivism. Strategies for offenders completing treatment sessions are discussed.
Drivers of the Sentenced Population: Probation Analysis
2013
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. • Between 1993 and 2011, an increasing proportion of felony probationers in Illinois were accounted for by females, whites, Hispanics, and older probationers. • The majority of felons discharged from probation were successfully terminated from supervision throughout the period examined. The proportion of felons discharged from probation as a result of a revocation of probation for either a technical violation or a new offense remained stable, and relatively low (at or below 10 percent statewide), throughout the time period examined. • Success on probation can mean less reliance on prison, but failure on probation can result in commitment to the Illinois Department of Corrections. Individuals who had their probation revoked or were reconvicted of a new crime while on probation accounted for roughly 15 percent of all those sentenced to prison, a proportion that remained relatively stable through the time period examined.
Pathfinder programmes in the Probation Service: a retrospective analysis
2000
ii Foreword Working directly with offenders in order to reduce their levels of reoffending is part of the work of the Probation Service. The advent of Pathfinder Programmes represents a new approach to this task of reducing crime. The current report details an empirical evaluation, based on retrospective data, of the impact of the first wave of Pathfinder Programmes in the Probation Service. As the type of work encompassed by such programmes -structured interventions directed at dynamic criminogenic needs in order to impact directly on factors associated with offending -is set to become a part of the work of probation staff it follows that such evaluations are critical in order to inform future work.