Detection of <i>invA</i> Gene in <i>Salmonella</i> Limete Isolated from Wastewater Treatment Plant of University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018
Salmonellae are ubiquitous microorganisms that infect both humans and animals. Human infections usually occur through contaminated food or water and can result in one of two major diseases, namely gastroenteritis and enteric fever. Hence, Salmonella remains a major public health problem especially in developing countries where the level of hygiene is very low. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential risk of Salmonella serovars isolated from the University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) wastewater treatment plants. Three Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Limete isolates from the UNN waste treatment plants were investigated for the presence of invasive A (invA) gene. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from the isolates by boiling method. Extracted bacteria DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using invA specific primers. PCR products were resolved on 1.5% agarose gel stained with 0.5 µg/ml of ethidium bromide. Results showed the presence of a band size of 244 base pair of Salmonella invA gene in 2 of the isolates. This is an indication that the isolates may have a human or animal origin and are potentially pathogenic. Therefore, the treatment of water in the wastewater plant is insufficient and water from the plant should not be employed for human use or used with caution.
Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases, 2024
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Wukari, Donga, Ibi, and Takum Local Government Areas in Southern Taraba State, NorthEast Nigeria. These areas were chosen due to their high population of farmers and traders, making them suitable locations for investigating foodborne pathogens. The experimental research spanned a period of 7 months, during which 200 blood and stool samples were collected from food vendors in the selected areas. Methodology: Sample collection involved the collection of 200 blood and stool samples from food vendors in Wukari, Donga, Ibi, and Takum Local Government Areas. Isolation and confirmation of Salmonella species were carried out through cultural and biochemical analyses, with reference strains used for quality control. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) extraction was performed using the boiling technique, followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the invA gene. Electrophoresis on an agarose gel was used to visualize the presence of the invA gene in the isolates. Results: The results of the study revealed a high prevalence of Salmonella species among food vendors in Southern Taraba State, NorthEast Nigeria. Analysis of the invA gene showed its presence in all isolates, indicating the widespread distribution of virulent strains in the study area. The findings underscore the importance of PCR-based methods for the detection of Salmonella and suggest the need for comprehensive surveillance and control measures to prevent foodborne illnesses. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the significant prevalence of Salmonella species among food vendors in Southern Taraba State, NorthEast Nigeria. The detection of the invA gene in all isolates highlights the potential virulence of these strains and emphasizes the importance of effective surveillance and control strategies to mitigate the risk of foodborne diseases. Further research is warranted to elucidate the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance genes associated with Salmonella strains in the region, facilitating the development of targeted interventions for public health protection.
Serotyping and molecular typing of Salmonella species isolated from wastewater in Nsukka, Nigeria
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2016
The objective of this investigation was to isolate and identify Salmonella serovars present in wastewater from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN) wastewater treatment plant and to evaluate the sensitivity and precision of different microbial typing methods (conventional and molecular), in identifying and characterizing Salmonella species. A total of 100 suspected Salmonella colonies on selective media (Salmonella-Shigella agar and MacConkey Agar) were subjected to biochemical testing. A total of 12 biochemically typical Salmonella isolates were identified and further characterized. Serotyping analysis further identified 3 (25%) of the isolates as Salmonella enterica serovar Limete. Salmonella specific (16S) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay validated the result obtained by serotyping, although 2 of the isolates could not be serotyped and were identified as rough strains. PCR assay produced positive amplifications of 574 bp of the 16S rRNA gene specific for Salmonella, while...
Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2015
Food-borne salmonellosis is the most prevalent disease and major source of Salmonella spp in humans and its detection particularly in developing countries is quite cumbersome and time consuming. Molecular methods for its detection as well as the genotypic diversity of some of the genes responsible for Salmonella virulence are necessary. The aim of the study was to screen for Salmonella spp using the 16S rRNA, to determine whether the invA gene is specific for Salmonella detection as well as virulence genotyping of some genes present in Salmonella spp (invA, sitC and spvA, spvB and spvC) from food samples in Lagos, Nigeria. All 76 isolates tested positive for 16S rRNA gene while 53 (69.7%) were positive for salm3 and salm4 (389 bp) gene. PCR analysis of the invA gene (284bp) showed that 73 (96.1%) were positive, 38 (50%) of the isolates were positive for sitC gene while none were positive for spvA and spvB and with the multiplex-PCR of invA/spvC gene 25 (33%) were positive for invA (244 bp) gene and none positive for spvC gene. The use of invA gene for Salmonella detection in our food samples is recommended however for most of our isolates the virulence genes were not detected.
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2005
The isothermal and chimeric primer-initiated amplification of nucleic acids (ICAN) is a new isothermal DNA amplification method composed of exo Bca DNA polymerase, RNaseH and DNA-RNA chimeric primers. We detected invA of Salmonella from chicken carcasses, egg yolk and cattle fecal samples. Fifty-three of 59 isolates were invA-positive in ICAN-chromatostrip detection. The result was consistent with those obtained by standard PCR. Salmonella invA was detected in 12 of 14 carcass rinses by ICAN, while in 7 of 14 rinses by standard PCR. These results indicate that ICAN is an efficient, sensitive and simple system to detect invA of Salmonella species in developing countries such as Zambia. q Résumé L'amplification des acides nucléiques par amorce chimérique (ICAN) est une nouvelle méthode d'amplification isothermique de DNA composée de exo Bca DNA polymérase, RNaseH et d'amorces chimériques DNA-RNA.
Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Species Isolates from Some Hospitals in Jos, Nigeria
European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 2021
The conventional methods of identification of Salmonella involving microbiological enrichment and successive identification mostly are tedious, time consuming and not specific. Therefore, the aim of this study was to utilize molecular techniques to characterize Salmonella species isolates from some Hospitals in Jos, Nigeria. The 10 isolates collected from some Hospitals in Jos, Nigeria were screened for Salmonella using conventional biochemical methods. The positive isolates were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for discernment of invasion A (invA) gene at explicit molecular size (284 bp) utilizing explicit primers (forward and reverse). Sequencing of the invA gene was performed and the similarities and differences between our invA gene and published sequences on GenBank were assessed. Seven out of ten confirmed Salmonella species isolates were positive to the invA gene while the remaining three were negative. The homology level of nucleotide sequence (97.746%) demonstrated high similitude between the local isolates and the other sequences on GenBank. Molecular characterization of the Salmonella isolates provides data about the virulence of the pathogen just as its relatedness to different organisms which offer data about the genome of the organisms and are helpful for epidemiological examinations. Therefore, Molecular methods which enable the detection of virulent genes are extremely important surveillance tools that are required to assist in curbing the escalation of infections caused by Salmonella.
International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
Salmonella is the most common zoonotic pathogen around the world, there is an inadequate capacity of tests to detect this pathogenic bacterium in Libya. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the presence Salmonella spp in various foods from different food establishments in Tripoli, Libya. A total number of 370 samples were taken from 35 confectionery premises (170 samples of cakes, 25 of tarts), 11 poultry butcheries (55 samples of chicken meat), and 2 cattle butcheries (120 samples of camel meat). The isolates of Salmonella bacteria were investigated and identified by conventional cultures and biochemical methods such as (API20E). The typical Salmonella identified isolates were subjected to the PCR to detect invA gene. The results showed that 30/370 (8.11%) Salmonella spp were identified and distributed in 10 cake samples (5.9%), 2 tart samples (8%), 16 chicken meat samples (29.1%) and 2 camel meat samples (1.7%). The invA gene was detected in 22 isolates (73.33%), all Salmonella spp isolated from cakes and cattle meat samples are invasive strains. Overall, Salmonella spp is more abundant in poultry butchers than other food establishments in Tripoli, Libya, inclusion of PCR methods to detect Salmonella spp is highly recommended.
Contribution of InvA Gene PCR to Recovery of Salmonella spp. Strains
Microbiology Research Journal International, 2020
Aims: Salmonella infection remains a major public health concern worldwide, contributing the economic burden of both industrialized and developing countries through the costs associated with surveillance, prevention, and treatment of disease. This zoonosis has a harmful health and economic impact in terms of death, hospitalization, and destruction of livestock on farms. To adapts the means of control and prevention against this threat, the phenotypical characterization of Salmonella strains, both those recently identified and those which have been conserved for a long time, is necessary. So, the aim of this study was to check quality of the salmonella strains first stored in storage tubes in NRC of salmonella of Institute Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire. Place and Duration of Study: This study was done in Institute Pasteur of Côte d’Ivoire between July 2019 and October 2019. Methodology: A total of 56 tubes used to store salmonella strains with few or no agar were analyzed to assess pr...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2018
Objective: Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is one of the leading zoonosis in the world caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS). Invasive infections with NTS serovars occurs due to the presence of virulence genes like invA along with the immunosuppressive conditions of the patient. The study was conducted to isolate and identify the NTS serovars and their antimicrobial resistance profile from patients with diarrhea and also to detect the virulence marker – invA gene among these NTS serovars.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016 at the Enteric Diseases Division, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. 1218 fecal specimens were collected from patients with diarrhea and before antibiotic treatment. NTS serovars were identified, serotyped and then screened for the presence of invA virulence gene.Results: A total of 33 (2.7%) NTS was isolated. Salmonella typhimurium (33.34%) was predominant followed by Salmonella oslo (30.3%). Out of 33 NT...