Holographic Data Encryption and Decryption Techniques- literature survey (2001) (original) (raw)
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Securing information by use of digital holography
Optics Letters, 2000
An information security method that uses a digital holographic technique is presented. An encrypted image is stored as a digital hologram. The decryption key is also stored as a digital hologram. The encrypted image can be electrically decrypted by use of the digital hologram of the key. This security technique provides secure storage and data transmission. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the proposed method.
Optics & Laser Technology, 2010
A digital holographic information system can process complex three-dimensional (3-D) object information. We demonstrate a scheme for securing complex and 3-D information in the context of in-line digital holography. Double random phase encoding in the free-space propagation domain of light is used to secure the complex information. Encrypted in-line digital holograms are recorded using the position-phase-shifting method. The encrypted complex image at the CCD recording plane is retrieved from the real-valued digital holograms, and is used for decryption. The robustness of the method has also been studied for various securing keys used in the method against blind decryption. A layer-bylayer information retrieval from the encrypted digital hologram is also discussed. The method can also be used to secure digital complex information in a virtual optics modality using holographic principles.
Securing of Two and Three Dimensional Information Based on In-line Digital Holography
2000
A method that combines the high speed of digital encryption and the high security of optical encryption with the advantages of electronic transmission, storage, and decryption is introduced. The encryption is performed by use of multi-dimensional lock on the hologram plan, providing high security in the encrypted image and a key with many degrees of freedom. We described how our
Digital optics, digital holography, and optical encryption
Optical Information Systems III, 2005
The availability of high quality Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs) and high-resolution cameras have made it technologically feasible to perform many optical signal-processing functions in a relatively inexpensive manner. Furthermore, recent fast algorithms have been proposed to compute Linear Canonical Transforms (LCTs), which may be used to simulate paraxial optical systems. Optical Encryption offers the possibility of high-speed parallel encryption of image data. Such encryption/decryption may involve the capture of full field information, i.e. phase and intensity. Applications of Digital Holography go beyond applications to optical encryption. They include Holographic Interferometry (metrology) and Holographic displays. In this paper we discuss the design and analysis of systems used in the capture, encryption/decryption and display of 2-D (image) data and present our recent experimental and theoretical results.
Image encryption based on pure intensity random coding and digital holography technique
Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 2003
We propose a novel image encryption method that combines the pure intensity random encoding and the digital holography technique. A phase-shifting interferometer records both phase and amplitude information of a complex object with a CCD sensor array. The encryption is performed by placing two pure intensity random masks between the image to be encrypted and an intensity recording device. Electronic decryption can be performed with fast Fresnel reconstruction procedure. Numerical simulation results show the validity of the algorithm and an optoelectronic implementation setup is also presented.
Review on Cryptography of Image Using Computer Generated Holography
Journal of Network and Information Security, 2019
Holography is the process of capturing three dimensional images by recording patterns of light wave reflection. It is interference of two coherent light sources, one being scattered from an object and another reference light being sent directly into the holographic plate. This interference pattern is then used in a 3D holographic display to view the holographic representation of the object. This is done by passing the same reference light through the interference pattern fringe in the 3D display. Computer Generated Holography (CGH) is a simulation technique to generate the same interference pattern without the object being present. Usually this is done by taking an image or a 3D representation of the object and using numerical techniques to simulate the interference pattern of the light field. CGH has many applications and one of them is image encryption and decryption. In this paper compare traditional and advance hologram methods.
Phase-to-amplitude data page conversion for holographic storage and optical encryption
Applied Optics, 2007
A new phase-to-amplitude data page conversion method is proposed for efficient recovery of the data encoded in phase-modulated data pages used in holographic storage and optical encryption. The method is based on the interference between the data page and its copy shifted by an integral number of pixels. Key properties such as Fourier plane homogeneity, bit error rate, and positioning tolerances are investigated by computer modeling, and a comparison is provided with amplitude-modulated data page holographic storage with and without static phase masks. The feasibility and the basic properties of the proposed method are experimentally demonstrated. The results show that phasemodulated data pages can be used efficiently with reduced system complexity.
Digital data storage in a phase-encoded holographic memory system- Data quality and security
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
We review the crucial properties of a phase-encoded volume holographic storage system in terms of data quality and security, which are the key issues of any bulk memory system. Two major problems which need to be tackled in holographic storage systems in terms of data quality are the hologram erasure during readout and the data encoding schemes for error-free reconstruction. We present a novel storage material (bismuth tellurite crystals -Bi 2 TeO 5 ) which has the potential to overcome the volatility problem and avoiding the need of any further fixing. Regarding data encoding schemes, we present a general approach of gray-scale modulation coding in order to improve the data capacity in comparison to normal modulation coding, while the bit error rate maintains low. Data security in a phase-encoded system can be realized by exploiting its special multiplexing characteristics. We present different encryption techniques and investigate their decryption probability.
In this research, a novel optical multiple-image encryption method based on angular-multiplexing holography, quick response (QR) code, and spiral phase keys is proposed. With this method, images are transformed into QR codes and subsequently encrypted into a series of encrypted holograms using an angular-multiplexing technique. The encrypted holograms can only be decrypted when the hologram is illuminated with a duplicate of the reference beam and correct fingerprint and spiral phase plate (SPP) keys. The multiplexing performance and key sensitivity of fingerprint and SPP order were both analyzed, showing the high strength of the security of our proposed method.
Review of Random Phase Encoding in Volume Holographic Storage
Materials, 2012
Random phase encoding is a unique technique for volume hologram which can be applied to various applications such as holographic multiplexing storage, image encryption, and optical sensing. In this review article, we first review and discuss diffraction selectivity of random phase encoding in volume holograms, which is the most important parameter related to multiplexing capacity of volume holographic storage. We then review an image encryption system based on random phase encoding. The alignment of phase key for decryption of the encoded image stored in holographic memory is analyzed and discussed. In the latter part of the review, an all-optical sensing system implemented by random phase encoding and holographic interconnection is presented.