From Internet to Posthuman (original) (raw)
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RIVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DI FILOSOFIA E PSICOLOGIA From Internet to Posthuman
2015
█ Abstract The social-interactive nature of the human being has produced different political, ethical, and technological structures. The Internet is one of them. A thorough understanding of the World Wide Web's role, potentiality and risks surely requires sound sociological, psychological and cognitive paradigms but it always and above all requires a radical theoretical look at human and posthuman exists and acts on the web and its devices. █ Riassunto Da Internet al Postumano-La natura sociale e interattiva dell'essere umano ha generato strutture politiche, etiche, tecnologiche assai diverse tra di loro. Internet è una di esse. La comprensione della funzione, delle potenzialità e dei rischi del World Wide Web ha bisogno certamente di paradigmi sociologici, psicologici e cognitivi ma ha bisogno anche e soprattutto di uno sguardo teoretico radicale su quanto di umano e postumano abiti e si muova nella Rete e nei suoi dispositivi.
Correspondencias & análisis, 2018
Resumen: Este artículo aborda un importante reto para la gobernanza de la Internet: las dificultades que conlleva la articulación de la multiplicidad de escenarios y contextos que la conforman. El enfoque de "múltiples stakeholders" surge como el camino más adecuado para construir la gobernanza de la Internet. Sin embargo, la materialización de este enfoque resulta difícil, debido a los posibles actores y situaciones encontradas en la web. Este artículo, basándose en la noción de cosmopolitismo de Boczkowski & Siles (2014), propone un marco alternativo para estudiar la formulación de políticas en la Internet, aplicándolo en la Declaración de Privacidad y Seguridad Digital Avanzada por la Comisión Mundial sobre Gobernanza de la Internet, con la finalidad de mostrar cómo puede ayudar a fomentar nuestra comprensión de los derechos humanos en la era digital. Se argumenta que el cosmopolitismo puede ofrecer un método que ayude a transformar una compleja red de interacciones en un mapa caracterizado por diferentes objetivos y relaciones, a fin de generar políticas de Internet más dialécticas.
Cyberspace as a New Living World and Its Axiological Contexts
Cyberspace [Working Title], 2020
The subject of the chapter is cyberspace in an axiological perspective, which is our new lifeworld. The focus is particularly on the problem of the quality of our life in its specific circumstances. The aim is (on the background of the characteristics of cyberspace as a lifeworld) to solve the problem of values and significance, but also the risks of our so-called cyber experience. In this context, the aim is also to identify various conditions, axiological indicators and the relevant elements of the quality of our life in cyberspace. The authors pursue their goal using the phenomenological-hermeneutic method within the four parts of the chapter. In part 1, cyberspace is interpreted as a life world that is co-constructed in our acts of communication. In part 2, the problem of values, significance and risks of our cyber experience is discussed. The key variable is digital "wellbeing." As they point out in part 3, it should be our morally based value "good life," which is expressed as "ethos" in our life. In part 4, in this perspective, we are faced with the relevant task of the art of living 'ars vivendi' with the necessary coherent self-understanding and value-moral claims and the education should also have a "psychological" dimension.
Chapter - Post-internet - Braidoti and Hlavajova (eds.)
Posthuman Glossary, 2018
Post Internet incorporates many histories. Following the particularities of a highly heterogeneous set of art practices the term has become more nebulous, referring adjectively to a broad "cultural condition." (Archey, 2012) Understood in Art through the experience and appearances of the user-focused interfaces of web 2.0, these critical artistic enquiries showed the Internet to be far from an autonomous site of user-agency. The term's usage as a 'cultural condition' indicates how the surface layer is increasingly seen through the non-linear and protocol-defined set of relations and affects (Galloway and Thacker, 2007). These are in turn the expression of the gendered, and racially and geographically grounded infrastructures, rare-materials and subjectivities at work on Internet (Nakamura, Chow-White, 2012, Sanderson, 2013). Thus, critical attention to all these factors brings to the fore the attendant radical redefinition of the geo-politics (Bratton, 2015) and the economies that sustain and structure them. This ongoing "cultural condition" tessellates with historic models of the posthuman, which stressed theories of embodiment so as to counter the growing abstraction of information (Hayles, 1999). It also contains, however, important implications for recent theorisations of a post-anthropocentric sensibility and the necessity of an evolution of ethical awareness under advanced capitalism (Braidotti, 2014).
tripleC-Cognition, Communication, Co-operation, 2010
We propose to build up a philosophy of the Internet instead of building up its scientific theory. Our philosophy of the Internet includes several components of the philosophy of technology, information, communication, culture and organization because we use four different coexisting contexts for the better understanding of the nature of the Internet: the technological, the communication, the cultural and the organism ones. This philosophy of the Internet shows that the Internet is the sphere of a new mode of human existence, basically independent from, but built on and coexisting with the former (natural and societal) spheres of existence, and created by the late-modern humans. , human existence man aims: to build up a specific community. Every element of the human communities and the community itself are created by communication. Communication via Internet is a technology of building up virtual, open, extended communities. A deeper understanding of the communication via Internet is based on a communication situation analysis, including considerations on the active role of the media, the specificity of computers as communication machine, and the possibility of the highest level of individual control of the situation. From communication point of view the Internet is an intentionally created and maintained network of artificial, extended, virtual communities which are based on networked communication machines and individual human control over the communication situations.
Cyberanthropology-Being Human on the Internet
2011
CyberAnthropology is an approach that submits anthropological and philosophical questions (as well as sociological, political and linguistic questions including questions of constitutional law arising from them) to different fields associated with the internet - which has not been done in this specific transdisciplinary way in previous research. We analyse changes, developments and continuities between the lifeworld of users and new
Cyberspace as a New Existential Dimension of Man
Cyberspace [Working Title], 2019
Since the second half of the twentieth century, especially from the 1990s to the present, we have seen significant sociocultural changes that have mostly been influenced by information technology. In the area of information technology, it is mainly the Internet that is the essential part of all modern communication technologies such as smartphones, iPads, and so on. The Internet is a new communication space, also called cyberspace, in which we not only communicate but also work, learn, buy, have fun, and so on. It does not seem to be a mere "tool" of our new way of communication, but a dimension that becomes part of our existence. We then have to ask how our existence is changing under the influence of new technologies. How do we change the value system in cyberspace communication? What are the possibilities and risks of communication in cyberspace? These are just some of the issues that arise in connection with communication in cyberspace to which we will seek answers. In the chapter we use the phenomenological and hermeneutic method. Through the phenomenological method, we examine the basic structure of cyberspace (Clark, Ropolyi) and, using a hermeneutic method, examine the differences between communication in cyberspace and old media (Lohisse, Postman, Bystřický).
The ontological revolution: On the phenomenology of the internet
SOCRATES, 2016
Cogitation described as calculation, the living being described as a machine, cognitive functions considered as algorithmic sequences and the 'mechanization' of the subjective were the theoretical elements that late heideggerian anti–humanism, especially in France was able to utilize 1 , even more so, after the second cybernetics or post-cybernetics movement of the late '60s introduced the concepts of the autopoietic and the allopoietic automata 2. Recently, neurologists pose claims on the traditional epistemological field of philosophy, proceeding from this ontological decision, the equation of human cognition to cybernetic systems. The emergence of the worldwide web in the 1990s and the global expansion of the internet during the first decades of the 21st century indicate the fallacies of the cybernetics programme to mechanize the mind. We stand witnesses to a semantic colonization of the cybernetic system, a social imaginary creation and expansion within the digital ensemblistic – identitarian organization that cannot be described by mechanical or cybernetic terms. Paradoxically, cyberspace, as a new being, a form of alterity, seems to both exacerbate and capsize the polarization between the operational and the symbolic. The creation of the internet might be more than an epistemological revolution, to use the terminology of Thomas Kuhn. It might be an ontological revolution. I will try to demonstrate that the emergence of the Internet refutes any such claims, since its context and utility can only be described by means of a social epistemology based on the understanding of social significances as continuous creations of an anonymous social imaginary proposed by Cornelius Castoriadis (1922-1997). I will try to explore some social-semantic aspects of the cyberspace as a nexus of social representations of the individual identity that forms a new sphere of being, where the subjective and the objective merge in a virtual subjective objectivity with unique epistemological attributes and possibilities. Abstract Cogitation described as calculation, the living being described as a machine, cognitive functions considered as algorithmic sequences and the 'mechanization' of the subjective were the theoretical elements that late heideggerian anti–humanism, especially in France was able to utilize 1 , even more so, after the second cybernetics or post-cybernetics movement of the late '60s introduced the concepts of the autopoietic and the allopoietic automata 2. Recently, neurologists pose claims on the traditional epistemological field of philosophy, proceeding from this ontological decision, the equation of human cognition to cybernetic systems. The emergence of the worldwide web in the 1990s and the global expansion of the internet during the first decades of the 21st century indicate the fallacies of the cybernetics programme to mechanize the mind. We stand witnesses to a semantic colonization of the cybernetic system, a social imaginary creation and expansion within the digital ensemblistic – identitarian organization that cannot be described by mechanical or cybernetic terms. Paradoxically, cyberspace, as a new being, a form of alterity, seems to both exacerbate and capsize the polarization between the operational and the symbolic. The creation of the internet might be more than an epistemological revolution, to use the terminology of Thomas Kuhn. It might be an ontological revolution. I will try to demonstrate that the emergence of the Internet refutes any such claims, since its context and utility can only be described by means of a social epistemology based on the understanding of social significances as continuous creations of an anonymous social imaginary proposed by Cornelius Castoriadis (1922-1997). I will try to explore some social-semantic aspects of the cyberspace as a nexus of social representations of the individual identity that forms a new sphere of being, where the subjective and the objective merge in a virtual subjective objectivity with unique epistemological attributes and possibilities.
Averting the Catastrophe of Cyberspace
Social Responsibility Journal, 2007
PurposeTo address the impact of information technology on culture and society, in particular the potential for control and manipulation afforded to state, government and unregulated corporations, by the medium of sophisticated communication networks. The paper sets out to expose the corporate world's manipulation of IT and the multi‐media as it exercises a powerful coercive force, constituting a legitimating principle for economic and cultural domination. It is suggested that the relentless progression of science as profit and the individual as profit‐generating automaton constitutes the subversion of a world rightly ordered by human principles. The paper calls for the ethical regulation of cyberspace, necessitating a philosophical approach and one which prizes human endeavour.Design/methodology/approachExamples from the technosocial world taken from across a range of uses, providers and users are explored according to their impact on everyday life. The ontological and phenomeno...